Izinhlobo Zamahhashi
Kunezinhlobo ezingaphezu kuka-1,000 zamahhashi emhlabeni. Ngamunye wabo unomlando wakhe wemvelaphi, izici zangaphandle nenjongo. Abameleli abangcono kakhulu bezinhlobo abagcini nje ukwenza umsebenzi wabo, kodwa futhi bawine izindondo zama-Olympic.
Yiziphi izinhlobo zezinhlobo zamahhashi ezihlukaniswa ngazo ngenjongo yazo? Kunezinhlobo ezine eziyinhloko phakathi kwezinhlobo zamahhashi. Lawa amahhashi, isihlibhi esincane, amahanisi asindayo kanye nezinhlobo zamapaki. Ezinye izinhlobo zingahlanganisa izinhlobo eziningana, njengehhashi nephakethe.
I-Shire (Iloli elisindayo lesiNgisi) - uhlobo lwamahhashi asindayo, ohlobo olusindayo olusalungiswa. Yakhuliswa eNgilandi phakathi nekhulu le-18, futhi i-studbook yokuqala yanyatheliswa ngo-1878. Amahhashi alolu hlobo ahanjiswa e-USA, Australia naseCanada.
Uhlu Lwezinhlobo Zamahhashi
IShire
Yini engavamile yohlobo lwamahhashi e-Shire? Lezi yizilwane ezinamandla kakhulu neziqinile ezikwazi ukudonsa umthwalo omkhulu. ngokwezinga le
, ukuphakama kwenkunzi yehhashi endala yaseShire kuphakathi kuka-173 no-178 cm. Ihhashi linomhlwenga owugqinsi futhi lixubha imilenze yalo. Kudingeka ukugeza izikhathi ezingu-2-3 ngesonto. Unobuntu obuzolile.
Ayesetshenziswa eNgilandi ukuthutha imithwalo emikhulu, ukudonsa izikebhe emiseleni nasemisebenzini yezolimo.
I-Trakehner
Ihhashi le-Trakehner liwuhlobo lwamahhashi aseJalimane agibelayo kanye ne-draft sport. Lona ukuphela kohlobo phakathi kwe-half-breed ezalwa ngokuhlanzeka ngaphandle kwegazi elingaphandle. Lolu hlobo lwaqala ukukhuliswa ngekhulu le-18 e-East Prussia edolobhaneni laseTrakenen. Yazalelwa amayunithi amahhashi asePrussia.
Uyini umehluko phakathi kohlobo lwamahhashi i-Trakehner? Ihhashi lempi langaphambili elilungele izinhloso zemidlalo. Ukuphakama kwe-stallion ekubuneni kufinyelela ku-162-165 cm, umzimba unokoma okuhle nemigqa evamile. Ihhashi lifuywa eGermany, Europe, USA naseNew Zealand. Angabonwa uhlobo lwe-brand ngendlela yophondo lwe-elk oluphindwe kabili ethangeni lakhe lesokunxele. Idinga ukulungiswa njalo nokuxubha.
Njengamanje, ama-trakenens angamahhashi ezemidlalo kuphela. Ngenxa yesimo sabo esizolile, bafaneleka kokubili ukubonisa ukugxuma kanye nokugqoka. Izinkunzi zamahhashi u-Pepel no-Abdullah baba ngompetha bama-Olympics.
Budennovskaya
Ihhashi leBudennovskaya liwuhlobo olugibele amahhashi. Yakhuliswa ngo-1948 emapulazini e-stud. Budyonny kanye nabo. Okokuqala Cavalry Army ngaphansi kobuholi umkhuzi Soviet futhi umfuyi wamahhashi Mikhail Chumakov.
Kuyini okungavamile ihhashi Budyonnovsky? Ihhashi linekhanda elomile, isifuba esibanzi nemisipha ekhule kahle. Ukuphakama kwawo kufinyelela ku-165 cm, ubude bomzimba - 163-165 cm. Izilwane ziyashesha futhi ziqinile. “
” bayakwazi ukunqoba u-7 km ngemizuzu engu-8.5, futhi kuthatha amahora angaphansi kuka-70 ukuhamba ibanga elingu-600 km.
Isici sohlobo yindlela yokukhula komhlambi. Okokuqala, zonke izinsikazi ezinhlanhlathayo ziyasuswa emihlambini. Kamuva, kwakhiwa imihlambi ehlukene kusukela kwabancane, futhi izibonelo ezibaluleke kakhulu zithunyelwa emaqenjini ehlelo, lapho zifundiswa khona ukugijima noma ukusetshenziselwa umsebenzi wokuzalanisa.
irubi
Ihhashi le-Yakut ihhashi lomdabu. isatshalaliswa e-Yakutia. Uhlobo lwakhiwe ngokukhethwa kwabantu, hhayi oyedwa noma iqembu labafuyi. AmaYakut akhethe kuphela amahhashi aqine kakhulu ukumelana nokubanda ukuze awele.
Iyini imvelo yohlobo lwehhashi le-Yakut? Lolu hlobo alukwazi ukumelana nesithwathwa futhi lunejazi elingaphansi elingafika ku-15 cm. Ihhashi le-Yakut lihlala ngaphandle unyaka wonke futhi likwazi ukumelana nesithwathwa esifinyelela ku -60 °C. Ebusika, idla i-tebenevka (iklaba edlelweni elimbozwe yiqhwa), idla iqhwa ngezinselo. Amahhashi ahlala emihlambini.
Ukuphakama ekubuneni kufinyelela ku-143 cm, isisindo - kufika ku-500 kg. Inomzimba oqinile, imilenze emifushane kanye nekhanda elikhulu. Zisetshenziselwa ukugibela, i-koumiss ilungiswa ngobisi lwezinsikazi.
Donskaya
Ihhashi elithi Don (Cossack steppe) liwuhlobo lwaseRussia olugibele amahhashi nalawo adonsa kanzima. Yazalwa ngo-1770 ngu-ataman. Lolu hlobo lusekelwe kumahhashi angama-steppe, kanye nezinhlobo zasempumalanga, ezithathwe amaCossacks ngesikhathi semikhankaso yaseTurkey.
Iyini imfanelo yohlobo lwamahhashi i-Don? Lokhu kuyinhlanganisela yokuphakama (kufika ku-165 cm) nobuhle ngokubukeka. Isudi yakhe ivamise ukuba yigolide. Igcina izici ezinhle kakhulu zehhashi lamahhashi eligcinwe njengemihlambi.
Namuhla isetshenziswa kwezemidlalo, ukuqasha, ukushayela, ezokuvakasha, emapulazini angaphansi. Isakazwe eKyrgyzstan, Kazakhstan, Russia.
-Mongolian
Ihhashi laseMongolia (aduu) liwuhlobo oludala lwamahhashi, ukubukeka kwawo akukashintshi kangako kusukela ngesikhathi sikaGenghis Khan. Ngokusho, leli hhashi zohlobo linencazelo ekhethekile isiko Mongolian.
Yini engavamile yohlobo lwamahhashi aseMongolia? Isilwane asithobekile ekunakekeleni futhi sihlala emgwaqweni unyaka wonke. Ihhashi libekezelela ngokuthula amazinga okushisa ukusuka ku-+30 ° C kuya ku -40 ° C. Ukuphakama kwawo kufinyelela ku-125-135 cm. I-Chunky, enekhanda elikhulu nemilenze emifushane.
Ihhashi laseMongolia lisetshenziswa njengehhashi eligibele. Amahhashi alolu hlobo aziwa njengesisekelo sebutho likaGenghis Khan. EMongolia yanamuhla, asetshenziselwa imijaho yamahhashi, kanti isiphuzo sikazwelonke, i-airag, senziwe ngobisi lwensikazi.
I-Thoroughbred
Ihhashi lafuywa eNgilandi ekuqaleni kwekhulu le-17-18. Ekuqaleni yayinegama lomjaho wamaNgisi, kodwa yaqanjwa kabusha ngenxa yokuthi yaqala ukufuywa emhlabeni wonke. Ngaphandle kwegama, iyi-half-breed futhi yakhuliswa ngokuwela ngezinhlobo ezihlanzekile.
Iyini inkambiso yohlobo lokugibela i-thoroughbred? La mahhashi abagijimi abagijima kakhulu futhi asetshenziswa emijahweni. Gallop ngesivinini 60 km / h kuyinto evamile zohlobo. Irekhodi lejubane lomhlaba lehhashi elithi Winning Bru lifakwe ohlwini lwamarekhodi. Ubegijima ku-70.76 km/h.
Ukuphakama kwesilwane ekubuneni kufinyelela ku-155-170 cm. Imilenze yomile, ihlanzekile, inezintambo eziveziwe kanye nemisipha evelele. Izilwane zinesimo esiqhuma kakhulu, futhi zinamandla ngokweqile. Badinga imijaho yansuku zonke ukuze basebenzise amandla amaningi. Amahhashi adinga ukunakekelwa ngokucophelela nokubizayo kanye nokunakekelwa.
IsiFriesian
Ihhashi leFriesian liwuhlobo lwamaDashi, "igolide elimnyama laseHolland". Izalelwe eFriesland, okukhulunywa ngayo okokuqala ngekhulu le-13, manje izaliswa eYurophu naseMelika. Amahhashi anobude obungu-150 kuya ku-162 cm, unokubukeka okuhle. Isici esikhumbulekayo amabhulashi amade aminyene emilenzeni, okuthiwa ama-friezes. Ifanele ukugcinwa ezitebeleni, ikhetha kancane kokuphakelayo.
Yini ekhethekile ngehhashi leFriesian? Kuze kube manje, ama-frieze angamahhashi okuhlobisa. Banamandla, kodwa balinganisela futhi bazolile. Ngokuvamile zisetshenziselwa izinqola zemikhosi noma zemikhosi, amahlumela ezithombe, athwetshulwa ku-cinema.
Isi-Bashkir
Ihhashi Bashkir - ihhashi bomdabu Southern Urals. Kwaziwa kusukela ngekhulu le-17-18. Okuvame kakhulu e-Bashkortostan. Uhlobo lwe-Bashkir lwavela ngokwemvelo. Lezi yizilwane ezincane (kufika ku-145 cm ekubuneni). Amasudi amakhulu: i-savrasaya, igundane ne-buckskin.
Uyini umehluko phakathi kwehhashi le-Bashkir? Ekuqaleni yayisetshenziswa kumayunithi amahhashi. Namuhla, lolu hlobo selufana nezolimo kunokugibela. Ama-Barshkirs asebenzisa izilwane ukusebenza emapulazini, ekukhiqizeni inyama nobisi.
Lolu hlobo lungahlala endaweni evulekile emazingeni okushisa asuka ku-+30 °C kuya ku-40 °C futhi lubekezelela iziphepho zeqhwa ezinzima. Ijazi eliwugqinsi nelide lala mahhashi aqinile alidingi ukuxutshwa njalo. Ihhashi liqinile, linikezwe uhlamvu lwe-phlegmatic. I-Bashkir Troikas yayaziwa kakhulu, engafinyelela ku-140 km ngamahora angu-8 ngaphandle kokuphumula.
Kabardian
I-Kabardian, noma ihhashi lezintaba, ingenye yezinhlobo ezindala kakhulu zasempumalanga ezidonswa ngamahhashi ezazitshalwa ama-Circassians (Circassians). Wayebizwa ngokuthi i-Circassian, ukuze angadideki nohlobo lwase-Ukraine lwegama elifanayo. Kusatshalaliswe eBashkiria, Tatarstan naseChelyabinsk esifundeni.
Yini engavamile yohlobo lwamahhashi e-Kabardian? Igcina ibhalansi yayo kahle, ngenxa yalokho inyakaza ngokuzethemba ezintabeni ezindleleni eziwumngcingo, inqoba ukwehla nokwenyuka. Ngisho ne-150 kg yempahla, i-Kabardian ikwazi ukumboza amakhilomitha angu-100 ezintabeni eziphakeme ngosuku olulodwa. Ihluke ngokuphawulekayo kwezinye izinhlobo ezinemilenze enemisipha kanye nesimo esikhethekile sezinselo - "inkomishi".
Ihhashi leKabardian likhula lapho libuna lifika ku-152-157 cm. Namuhla, amahhashi asetshenziswa onogada basemngceleni, izivakashi zokugibela amahhashi ezintaba, ukugibela. Ifanele ukufuya umhlambi.
Icelandic
Ihhashi lase-Icelandic liyihhashi elifushane, ukuphakama kwalo ekubuneni kufinyelela ku-132 cm. Inemibala ehlukene, kusukela kobomvu kuya echwebeni. Abantu base-Iceland banemibala engaba yikhulu yezilwane. Uhlobo lwalethwa amaViking e-Iceland ngekhulu lesi-100-9, njengoba lwalungena kalula emikhunjini yabo.
Yiziphi izici zehhashi lase-Icelandic? Lawa ngamahhashi ahlakaniphile. Banokulinganisela okuhle komzimba, ngenxa yokuthi banqoba kalula noma yiziphi izithiyo. Phakathi nomlando wabo, izilwane azikaze zihlangane nezilwane ezizingelayo, ngakho-ke zithembela kalula kumuntu, zibe nomlingiswa ozolile nobungane. Ifanele okuqukethwe komhlambi.
Adaevskaya
Ihhashi i-Adai (Adaevskaya) iwuhlobo lwama-Aboriginal ogibela amaKazakh, elihle ngaphansi kwesihlalo kanye nehhanisi.
ibhekwa njengendawo okwazalelwa kuyo ihhashi . Indawo eyinhloko yokuzalanisa iphakathi kweCaspian ne-Aral Seas. Igama lohlobo lwaqanjwa uhlobo lwe-Adai, oluhlala endaweni yaseMangystau.
Uyini umehluko phakathi kwehhashi i-Adai? Ihhashi lincane - ukuphakama ekubuneni kufinyelela ku-136-140 cm, kunomzimba owomile kanye nemisipha ethuthuke kahle. Engathobeki kokuqukethwe, ejwayele ukuphila emhlambini. Ingakwazi ukuhamba ngaphandle kwamanzi izinsuku ezimbalwa. Iqinile kakhulu, ikwazi ukugijima njalo ifike ku-360 km.
Njengamanje, amahhashi anomoya ozolile futhi omuhle asetshenziswa emidlalweni yamahhashi. Banamathela kalula kubantu, ngakho bahle kakhulu ekufundiseni izingane ukugibela.
Amahhashi asekhonze abantu izinkulungwane zeminyaka. Ayesetshenziswa ezimpini, ethwala amakhosi ezinqoleni, futhi engabasizi bezolimo. Namuhla, izilwane ezinkulu zinganconywa kwezemidlalo, ukugibela inqola noma ukugibela amahhashi.
Izinhlobo Zehhashi - Ividiyo
