Uhlobo lwe-Shire
Umlando wohlobo
Ihhashi le-Shire, elizalelwe eNgilandi, lisukela esikhathini sokunqotshwa kwe-Foggy Albion ngamaRoma futhi lingenye yezinhlobo ezindala kakhulu ezifuywayo ezakhiwe ngokuhlanzeka. Iqiniso mayelana nemvelaphi yohlobo lweShire lalahleka emandulo, njengoba kwenzeka ngezinhlobo eziningi.
Kodwa-ke, kuyaziwa ukuthi ngekhulu lesi-XNUMX AD, abanqobi baseRoma bamangala ukubona amahhashi amakhulu ngokungajwayelekile angaleso sikhathi eziqhingini zaseBrithani. Izinqola zempi ezisindayo zagijima zigijima ngokugcwele embuthweni wamaRoma - ukuqondisa okunjalo kungenziwa kuphela ngamahhashi amakhulu kakhulu futhi aqinile.
Ubuhlobo obuseduze nobuthembekile bungalandelwa phakathi kwamaShires nalokho okubizwa ngokuthi "ihhashi elikhulu" leNkathi Ephakathi (Ihhashi Elikhulu), elafika eNgilandi kanye namasosha kaWilliam uMnqobi (ikhulu le-XI). "Ihhashi Elikhulu" lalikwazi ukuthwala i-knight yezikhali, isisindo sayo, kanye nesihlalo sehhashi nesikhali esigcwele, singaphezu kwama-200 kg. Ihhashi elinjalo lalifana nethangi eliphilayo.
Isiphetho samaShires sixhumene ngokungenakuhlukaniswa nomlando waseNgilandi. Uhulumeni wezwe uhlale efuna ukwandisa ukukhula nenani lamahhashi. Ngekhulu le-XVI. ngisho neMithetho eminingana yamukelwa evimbela ukusetshenziswa kokuzalanisa amahhashi ngaphansi kuka-154 cm lapho ibuna, kanye nokuvimbela noma yikuphi ukuthekelisa amahhashi.
Ukhokho wohlobo lwesimanje lweShire uthathwa njengehhashi eliyimpumputhe elivela ePackington (Packington Blind Horse). Nguye obhalwe njengehhashi lokuqala lohlobo lweShire eNcwadini yokuqala ye-Shire Stud.
Njengezinye izinhlobo ezisindayo, ngezikhathi ezihlukene zomlando, amaShires athuthukiswa ukuthutheleka kwegazi elivela kwezinye izinhlobo, amahhashi asenyakatho aseJalimane aseFlemish avela eBelgium kanye neFlanders ashiye uphawu oluphawulekayo kulolu hlobo. Umfuyi wamahhashi uRobert Bakewill waba nomthelela omkhulu eShire ngokufaka igazi lamahhashi ama-Dutch angcono kakhulu - amaFriesians.
Ama-Shires asetshenziselwa ukuzalanisa uhlobo olusha lwamahhashi - amaloli anzima kaVladimir.
Izici zangaphandle zohlobo
Amahhashi alolu hlobo made. Amashire makhulu kakhulu: amahhashi amadala afinyelela ubude obuyi-162 kuya ku-176 cm lapho kubuna. Ama-mares nama-geldings mancane kakhulu. Kodwa-ke, abaningi abameleli abahle kakhulu bohlobo bafinyelela ngaphezu kuka-185 cm ekubuneni. Isisindo - 800-1225 kg. Zinekhanda elikhulu elinesiphongo esibanzi, amehlo amakhulu uma kuqhathaniswa, abanzi futhi acacile, iphrofayili eqondile (yamaRoma), amadlebe anosayizi omaphakathi anamathiphu abukhali. Intamo emfushane, emiswe kahle, amahlombe anemisipha, ingemuva elifushane, eliqinile, i-croup ebanzi futhi ende, umsila ophakeme kakhulu, imilenze enamandla, lapho kukhona ukumila okumangalisayo okuvela ku-carpal ne-hock joints - "friezes" , izinselo zinkulu futhi ziqinile.
Amasudi ngokuvamile ayi-bay, i-dark bay, emnyama (emnyama), i-karak (itheku elimnyama eline-tan) kanye ne-grey.
Umgibeli waleli hhashi elimangalisayo uzizwa ekhululekile, njengakusofa othambile. Ngaphezu kwalokho, amaloli amaningi asindayo ahamba kahle kakhulu. Kodwa akulula kangako ukuphakamisa indoda enhle kangaka ibe igalofu, futhi kamuva ukuyimisa.
Amahhashi e-Shire anomoya ozolile futhi olinganiselayo. Ngenxa yalokhu, iShire ivame ukusetshenziselwa ukuphambana namanye amahhashi ukuze kugcine sekunamathole alalelayo.
Izinhlelo zokusebenza nezimpumelelo
Namuhla, ama-shires angakhumbula kuphela "impi yawo edlule" emigwaqweni yamahhashi asenkantolo Yobukhosi: abashaya izigubhu bagibela amahhashi amakhulu ampunga, futhi okuthakazelisayo, njengoba izandla zabashayi bezigubhu zimatasa, balawula izintambo zabo ngezinyawo zabo - izintambo ziboshiwe. emabhuzuni abo.
Ngekhulu lesi-XNUMX, la mahhashi aqala ukusetshenziselwa umsebenzi onzima emapulazini.
Ngokunyamalala kwemiqhudelwano namaqhawe ahlome eyizingovolo, okhokho behhashi laseShire bathathwa bayosebenza ngamahhanisi, bedonsa izinqola emigwaqweni emibi, enezinsimbi namageja emasimini abalimi. Imilando yangaleso sikhathi ikhuluma ngamahhashi ayekwazi ukuthwala umthwalo ongamathani amathathu nengxenye emgwaqeni omubi, owawunezintambo eziphukile.
Ama-Shires ayesetshenziswa futhi asasetshenziswa abaphisi botshwala basemadolobheni ezinqoleni zikabhiya ezenziwe isitayela emiqhudelwaneni yokudonsa nokulima.
Ngo-1846, kwazalwa ithole elikhulu ngokungavamile eNgilandi. Ngokuhlonishwa kweqhawe laseBhayibhelini, laqanjwa ngokuthi uSamsoni, kodwa lapho ihhashi selikhulile futhi lifinyelela ubude obungama-219 cm lapho libuna, laqanjwa kabusha ngokuthi uMammoth. Ngaphansi kwalesi siteketiso, wangena emlandweni wokuzalanisa amahhashi njengehhashi elide kunawo wonke ake aphila emhlabeni.
Nasi esinye isibonelo. Namuhla e-UK kunehhashi laseShire elibizwa ngokuthi i-Cracker. Ingaphansi kancane kune-Mammoth ngobukhulu bayo. Ebuneni, le ndoda enhle ingama-195 cm. Kodwa uma ephakamisa ikhanda lakhe, khona-ke izeluleko zezindlebe zakhe ziphakeme cishe ngamamitha amabili nengxenye. Unesisindo esingaphezu kwethani (1200 kg) futhi udla ngokufanele - udinga u-25 kg wotshani ngosuku, cishe izikhathi ezintathu ezingaphezu kwehhashi elivamile elidlayo.
Amandla angavamile amaShire kanye nobude bayo kubavumele ukuba baqophe amarekhodi amaningana omhlaba. Ikakhulukazi, amahhashi eShire yiwona angompetha abasemthethweni ekuthwaleni umthamo. Ngo-April 1924, embukisweni ohlonishwayo eWembley, i-2 Shires yaboshelwa emshinini wokuphehla amandla futhi yasebenzisa amandla angaba amathani angaba ngu-50. Amahhashi afanayo esitimeleni (isitimela ithimba lamahhashi aboshwe ngamabili noma elilodwa ngokulandelana), ehamba eduze kwegranite futhi, ngaphezu kwalokho, indawo egandayiwe eshelelayo, ihambisa umthwalo onesisindo samathani angu-18,5. Umdidiyeli waseShire ogama lakhe linguVulkan wenza ihlaya embukisweni ofanayo, wamvumela ukuba asuse umthwalo onesisindo samathani angama-29,47.
