Ukushaywa unhlangothi enjeni: izimpawu nokwelashwa

Ingabe izinja zingashaywa unhlangothi?

Kuyenzeka inja ibe nestroke, kodwa ayijwayelekile ezilwaneni ezifuywayo uma kuqhathaniswa nakubantu. Abanikazi ngokuvamile abaziboni izimpawu zokushaywa unhlangothi okuncane ezifuyweni zabo, njengoba izilwane ezifuywayo zingakwazi ukusho lapho zizwa nginesiyezi, zilahlekelwa ukubona kwelinye iso, noma zinezinkinga zenkumbulo. Uma, nokho, izimpawu ze-stroke esilwaneni esifuywayo zivela, zivezwa ngezinga elikhulu kunabantu, futhi zidinga ukunakekelwa kwezilwane ngokushesha.

Izinhlobo Zesifo Sohlangothi

Zimbili izindlela ezidala imivimbo enjeni: ukuvaleka kwemithambo yegazi (ischemia), okwenzeka ngenxa yamahlule egazi, amaseli esimila, ukunqwabelana kwamaplatelet, amabhaktheriya, noma ama-parasites, nokopha ebuchosheni (ukopha), okuwukuthi umphumela wokuphuka noma ukuphazamiseka komthambo wegazi. ukujiya kwegazi.

I-Ischemic stroke

Kulokhu, ubuchopho buthola igazi elincane kakhulu. Lezi ziqephu ezinjeni zenzeka lapho amahlule egazi, amangqamuzana ethumba, ama-platelet clumps, amagciwane, noma ama-parasite evimba imithambo yegazi ebuchosheni. Lokhu kuvinjelwa (ukuvinjwa) kuholela ekulimaleni kwezicubu zobuchopho. Imivimbo ye-Ischemic ivame kakhulu kunemivimbo yokopha kuzo zombili izilwane ezifuywayo nakubantu.

Isifo sohlangothi esopha kakhulu

Ubuchopho buthola igazi eliningi kakhulu, ngokuvamile lapho umkhumbi uphuka futhi wophe ebuchosheni. Khona-ke amangqamuzana obuchopho angalimala, mhlawumbe ngenxa yokuthi igazi elengeziwe licindezela amangqamuzana obuchopho azungezile noma ngenxa yokuthi i-hemoglobin esegazini ilimaza amangqamuzana akhethekile ebuchosheni okuthiwa ama-neurons. Esihlahleni esophayo, imithambo yegazi iyaqhekeka, okubangele ukopha ebuchosheni, ukuvuvukala, nomfutho ophakeme. Lapho kuqhume khona, kuphuma ukopha. Igazi eliphakathi kobuchopho nogebhezi liwukuphuma kwegazi okungaphansi. Ukuvuza kwegazi ebuchosheni - i-intraparenchymal hemorrhage.

I-Fibrocartilage embolism (FCE)

Kwenzeka ezinjeni lapho ucezu oluncane lwediski emgogodleni luphuka futhi lufudukele entanjeni yomgogodla. I-FCE yenzeka ngokushesha okukhulu, ngokuvamile lapho inja idlala, igxuma, noma igijima ngemva kokulimala okukhulu. Okokuqala, isilwane esifuywayo sivele sibe buhlungu kakhulu, bese ukukhubazeka kuqhubeka.

I-Microstroke enjeni

Olunye uhlobo olunemibandela olungenzeka ngenxa ye-ischemia noma ukopha yi-microstroke. Kusukela egameni kuyacaca ukuthi inani elincane lezicubu zobuchopho liyahlupheka ngenxa yalo. I-microstroke enja inezimpawu ezibushelelezi - ukwehla kokusabela emiyalweni yomnikazi, ukuntuleka komsebenzi ojwayelekile, ukwenqaba ukudla namanzi. Izimpawu zenzeka ngokuzenzakalelayo futhi ngokuvamile zihamba zodwa.

Izimbangela zokushaywa unhlangothi

Ukushaywa unhlangothi kuvame ukwenzeka kubantu asebekhulile futhi kuvame ukuvela kwesinye isifo esingamahlalakhona. Kodwa-ke, cishe u-50% wokushaywa unhlangothi ezinjeni azinawo umsuka wembangela.

Izifo ezinkulu ezingabangela isifo sohlangothi zihlanganisa isifo sezinso, isifo sikaCushing (hypadrenocorticism), umfutho wegazi ophakeme, isifo sikashukela, isifo senhliziyo, ukuphazamiseka kwegazi, i-hypothyroidism, umdlavuza, futhi kwezinye izimo imithamo ephezulu ye-steroids njenge-prednisolone trigger stroke.

Kuyafaneleka futhi ukuqaphela ukuthi ezinye izinhlobo zivame ukushaywa unhlangothi kunezinye. Ngokwesibonelo, i-Cavalier King Charles Spaniels, evame ukuba nesifo senhliziyo, kungenzeka ukuthi ibe nesifo sohlangothi ngenxa yaso.

Izimpawu kanye nezimpawu zokuqala ze-stroke ezinjeni

Uma inja ine-stroke, izimpawu zivame ukuvela ngokuzumayo, kodwa zingahluka kakhulu kuye ngendawo yobuchopho ethintekile. Ungase uqaphele okulandelayo:

• Ukulahlekelwa ibhalansi noma ukuwa
• Ukujikeleza
• Ukulahlekelwa ukulawulwa kwesinye noma amathumbu
• I-Paresis (ubuthakathaka bemilenze)
• I-Ataxia (ukungakwazi ukulawula ukunyakaza)
• Ukushintsha kokuziphatha (isibonelo, inja ezolile iba nolaka)
• Ukwehluleka ukubona umnikazi
• Ikhanda litsheke
• Kunzima ukuhamba
• Ukushintsha ubuntu
• Ukungabi nesithakazelo emvelweni
• Ukunyakaza kwamehlo okungavamile noma ukuma
• Ukuwa/tshekela ohlangothini olulodwa
• Ukuphuphuthekisa
• ukuquleka

Diagnostics

Ukuxilongwa ngokushesha nokwelashwa kubalulekile.

I-stroke ivame ukudideka nesiqephu sokuquleka, esibuye sihlotshaniswe nokuntuleka kokugeleza kwegazi okuvamile ukuya ebuchosheni, ngokuvamile okubangelwa isifo senhliziyo. Udokotela wakho wezilwane uzokwenza ukuhlolwa kwenhliziyo ukuze anqume ukuthi isimo sesilwane sakho sibangelwa ukuquleka noma ukushaywa unhlangothi futhi angase atuse i-x-ray yesifuba, i-electrocardiogram, noma i-ultrasound yenhliziyo ukuze ahlukanise kokubili ukuxilongwa.

Uma inhliziyo yenja yakho iphilile, udokotela wezilwane uzohlola ukusebenza kobuchopho futhi angase athumele isiguli ku-MRI noma i-CT scan ukuze ahlole ukuvinjelwa kobuchopho noma ukopha. Ukuhlola okwengeziwe, njengokuhlolwa kwegazi, ukuhlolwa kwezinga lamahomoni, ukuhlaziya umchamo, nokukala umfutho wegazi, ngokuvamile kwenziwa ukuze kutholwe imbangela eyinhloko yokugeleza kwegazi okungavamile ukuya ebuchosheni.

Usizo lokuqala lwesilwane

Nakuba izimpawu zemizwa zivame ukuxazulula ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, kubalulekile ukubonana nodokotela wezilwane. Uma imbangela eyisisekelo ingelashwa, kunengozi yokuqhubeka nokushaywa unhlangothi.

1. Uma ubona izimpawu zokushaywa unhlangothi esilwaneni, sivikele kuqala. Susa ikhola, uyibeke endaweni ekhululekile - ohlangothini lwakho noma esiswini sakho.
2. Gcina imigudu yomoya yenja yakho icacile.
3. Indawo lapho inja izolala khona kufanele ibe nomkhawulo futhi ingabi namagquma ukuze ingawi ngephutha futhi ilimale.
4. Uma ikhithi yakho yosizo lokuqala inemithi yokulalisa izinja - Express Calm, Relaxivet noma ezinye - zinike inja.

Yini enqatshelwe ukwenza nge-stroke?

Kunoma yikuphi, ungafaki noma yiziphi izidakamizwa ekhaya ngaphandle kwencwadi kadokotela.

Ungazami ukuphuzisa noma ukupha inja yakho, uketshezi kanye nokudla kungase kuhogelwe futhi kubangele isimo sibe sibi kakhulu.

Zama ukugcina izinga lokushisa lomzimba elivamile, ungapholi ngokweqile noma ushise inja.

Ungamemezi, unyakazise noma uphazamise inja yakho. Udinga ukuthula.

Ukwelashwa Kwe-Stroke Ezinjeni

Ukwelapha isifo sohlangothi ezinjeni kuhlanganisa nokwelashwa kwanoma yisiphi isifo esiwumsuka se-metabolic nokunakekelwa okusekelayo. Ukubikezelwa kwesikhathi eside ngokuvamile kuhle, njengoba izinja zikwazi ukubhekana nalokhu kulimala.

Uma isilwane sakho sibonisa noma yiziphi izimpawu ezingase zibonise isifo sohlangothi, thintana nodokotela wakho wezilwane ngokushesha.

Udokotela wakho wezilwane angase ancome ukuthi udluliselwe egunjini labagula kakhulu ukuze uqashwe njalo.

Ngemva kokuba udokotela ehlonze imbangela ye-stroke, bazokwenza uhlelo lokwelapha lokuqeda izimpawu. Isilwane sakho esifuywayo singase sidinge ukwelashwa kwe-hormone ye-hypothyroidism, okokunciphisa igazi ukuze kuqhekeze ihlule, noma iziqinisi zomfutho wegazi ukulawula umfutho wegazi ophakeme.

Njengoba umzimba wesilwane sakho esifuywayo usebenza ukubuyisela ukugeleza kwegazi okufanele endaweni ethintekile, izimpawu zivame ukuncipha.

Ukunakekelwa okusekelayo kubalulekile ekululameni kwesilwane sakho ekushayweni yisifo sohlangothi, futhi kungase kudingeke unikeze ukwelashwa komoya-mpilo kanye noketshezi, imithi yezinhlungu, ukulawulwa kokudla okunomsoco, nokwelashwa ngokomzimba, kanye nokusisiza ukuba sihambe, sichame futhi sizikhiphe.

Ukuvuselelwa nokunakekelwa

Ngeshwa, ngemva kokuba isilwane sihlaselwe isifo sohlangothi, ukuphila kwaso kuyashintsha. Izinja eziningi ziyadangala futhi azifuni nje ukuhlanganyela kunoma yimiphi imisebenzi. Odokotela bezilwane abaningi bazoncoma ukuvuselelwa. Ngalesi sikhathi, kuzodingeka unakekele isilwane sakho kuze kube yilapho sibonisa izimpawu zokululama.

Phakathi nesikhathi sokululama ngemva kokushaywa unhlangothi, ukudla okunomsoco kudlala indima ebaluleke kakhulu. Kufanele unikeze ukudla okuyi-semi-liquid, ukondle ngezingxenye ezincane kuze kube izikhathi eziyisi-6 ngosuku. Izinketho ezinhle zokudla zihlanganisa ukudla kwezingane, ama-pâtés, nokunye ukudla okungamanzi okungamanzi okuzokwenza kokubili inja yakho igcwale futhi iqhubeke.

Ngemva kokushaywa unhlangothi, ukunyakaza kwesilwane sakho esifuywayo kungase kuphazamiseke kakhulu. Angase angakwazi ukunyakaza imilenze yakhe noma ngisho nomzimba wakhe.

Ngesikhathi sokululama, imisipha ingase iqale ukubola. Ukunyakaza kwezidladla kuzokwandisa ukugeleza kwegazi emilenzeni, kanye nokuthuthukisa ukuhamba kwamalunga. Ngokuvamile, ngemva kokushaywa unhlangothi, ngisho noma kwenzeka ukukhubazeka, inja yakho ngeke izwe ubuhlungu obungokomzimba, ngakho-ke ukuvivinya umzimba ngokunyakaza okuvamile ngeke kubangele ukungakhululeki futhi kuzonikeza izinzuzo zezempilo.

Eqinisweni, uhla lokunyakaza olwenziwayo luyisiqalo esihle kakhulu ngaphambi kokuthi uqhubekele kweminye imisebenzi ngemva kokushaywa unhlangothi.

Abanikazi abaningi baqala ngokuzivocavoca okuncane, okulula okungakhathali inja.

Ngaphambi kokuqala ukuvivinya umzimba, kufanele uthintane nodokotela wakho wezilwane.

Inkambo yokuvuselela ingase ihlanganise amasu amaningi.

I-Hydrotherapy iyindlela enhle yokwakha amandla enja ngaphandle kokweqisa umkhawulo wokuzivocavoca. Kungaba amakilasi endlini yokugezela, i-swimming pool noma ku-treadmill yamanzi.

Ukuqeqeshwa kwamandla kumayelana nokusiza ukwakha amandla ezithweni zenja yakho ngenkathi uyifundisa ibhalansi.

Abantu abaningi banenkinga ngalo msebenzi uma inja yabo inkulu noma ikhuluphele. Kodwa-ke, ezinjeni ezincane kuya kweziphakathi, lokhu kuwumsebenzi ofanelekile ozosiza ekugcineni inja ukuthi ilulame ekuguleni. Ukuzivocavoca kuzokwakha amandla engqondo ngenkathi kunikeza ibhalansi enja. Abantu abaningi bakuthola kunzima lokhu, ikakhulukazi ngemva kokushaywa unhlangothi, kodwa ukubekezela nokuzinikela kwakho kuzovumela isilwane sakho ukuba silulame.

Uma ususebenze ukunyakaza okuhlangene nokuqeqeshwa kwamandla, unganikeza inja yakho massage. Izilwane ezifuywayo eziningi zithanda ukubhucungwa. Izokuvumela ukuba uphumule imisipha yakho ngemva kokuzivocavoca futhi uyikhuthaze. I-massage evamile iyadingeka - kusukela eminweni kuya emuva nasentanyeni.

Inja yakho izodumazeka ukululama kwayo kancane futhi ingase iqale ukuba nezikhathi zokucindezeleka okujulile. Udinga ukumncoma ngisho nangemizamo emincane kanye nempumelelo.

Isilwane esifuywayo sidinga ukwazi ukuthi usohlangothini lwaso nokuthi ungathembela kuso.

Prevention

Imivimbo yodwa ayikwazi ukuvinjelwa. Kodwa-ke, uma kubhekwa iqiniso lokuthi zihlobene nezinqubo zezifo eziwumsuka, ukuhlolwa njalo kwezilwane kanye nokuhlolwa kwegazi kungaveza izimbangela ezingase zixazululwe.

Njengoba imivimbo ivame kakhulu ezinjeni ezindala, kubalulekile ukuhlola izinja ezindala njalo ezinyangeni ezingu-6-12. Ukuhlolwa komtholampilo kuhlanganisa ukuhlolwa kwegazi lomtholampilo kanye ne-biochemical, i-ultrasound yomgodi wesisu kanye ne-ultrasound yenhliziyo.

Ezinjeni ezincane, kubalulekile ukulandela imithetho yokugcina - ukugoma njalo, ukwelapha i-helminths futhi uzinike ukudla okulinganiselayo. Lokhu kuzovumela inja ukuba ibe nempilo isikhathi eside.

Kubalulekile futhi ukugcina ngaphansi kokulawula zonke izifo ezingapheli ezitholakala esilwaneni esifuywayo, ukunamathela ngokuqinile ezincomo zikadokotela futhi uthathe izifundo zokulawula.

Ikhaya

1. Izimpawu ze-stroke enja zingahlukahluka kakhulu - ukudideka, ubunzima bokuxhumanisa ukunyakaza, ubumpumputhe, ukungezwa.
2. Ukuthola imbangela yokushaywa unhlangothi, kuyadingeka ukwenza ukuhlolwa okubanzi komzimba wesilwane esifuywayo - ukuthatha ukuhlolwa kwegazi, ukwenza i-ultrasound, i-MRI, i-CT. I-stroke ngokuvamile iwumphumela wesinye isifo.
3. Ukwelashwa kuzodinga ukulawulwa kwesifo esiwumsuka, ukususwa kwezimpawu zohlangothi kanye nokuvuselelwa.
4. Ukululama ngemva kokushaywa unhlangothi akulula neze futhi ngokuvamile kuyinqubo ehamba kancane.
5. Ngothando lomnikazi, ukuzivocavoca, nemisebenzi eminingi yokutakula egxile ekubuyiseleni, inja yakho ingakwazi ukubuyisela wonke amakhono ayo angaphambi kwesifo. Ngisho nangemva kokushaywa unhlangothi, inja isengaphila ukuphila okujabulisayo nokwanelisayo ngosizo lwakho.

Izimpendulo zemibuzo evame ukubuzwa

Imithombo:

1. Chrisman C., Mariani C., Platt S., Clemmons R. «Neurology for the Small Animal Practitioner», 2002.
2. Willer S., Thomas W. Small Animal Neurology. I-Atlas Yombala Emibuzweni Nezimpendulo, 2016