I-DCMP ezinjeni i-dilated cardiomyopathy

Mayelana ne-DCM ezinjeni

Uhlangothi lwesobunxele lwenhliziyo luvame ukuthinteka ezinjeni ezine-DCM, nakuba kunezimo zokulimala kwesokudla noma zombili izinhlangothi ngesikhathi esisodwa. Lesi sifo sibonakala ngokuncipha kwemisipha yenhliziyo, ngenxa yokuthi inhliziyo ayikwazi ukwenza umsebenzi wayo wenkontileka ngokuphumelelayo. Kamuva, kuba nokuma kwegazi enhliziyweni, futhi landa ngosayizi. Ngakho-ke, ukuhluleka kwenhliziyo ehlangene (CHF) kwenzeka, bese-ke

yingakhobUkwephulwa kwemvamisa nokulandelana kokushaya kwenhliziyo, ukufa ngokuzumayo.

Le pathology ingabonakala ngenkambo efihliwe isikhathi eside: isilwane asinazo izimpawu zomtholampilo, futhi lesi sifo singatholakala kuphela ngesikhathi sokuhlolwa kwenhliziyo.

Ukubikezela kwezinja ezinalesi simo kuyehluka ngokwezinhlobo nangesimo ngesikhathi sokwamukelwa. Iziguli ezine-CHF ngokuvamile ziba nokubikezelwa okubi kakhulu kunalezo ezingenayo ngesikhathi zivakashele emtholampilo wezilwane. Le cardiomyopathy ayivamisile ukuhlehliswa, futhi iziguli ngokuvamile ziba nayo impilo yonke.

Izimbangela zalesi sifo

I-DCM ezinjeni ingaba eyinhloko noma eyesibili.

Ifomu eliyinhloko lihlotshaniswa nofuzo, okungukuthi, ukuguqulwa kofuzo kwenzeka, okuthi kamuva kudluliselwe enzalweni futhi kubangele umonakalo.

i-myocardiumIzicubu zemisipha zohlobo lwenhliziyo.

Ifomu lesibili, elibizwa nangokuthi i-phenotype ye-dilated cardiomyopathy ezinjeni, lenzeka ngenxa yezizathu ezahlukahlukene: izifo ezithathelwanayo, ukuphazamiseka kwesigqi senhliziyo sesikhathi eside, ukuchayeka emithini ethile, izimbangela zokudla okunomsoco (ukuntuleka kwe-L-carnitine noma i-taurine). izifo ze-endocrine (isifo se-thyroid). Izimbangela ezichazwe zizodala izimpawu kanye nezinguquko enhliziyweni efana nefomu eliyinhloko.

I-Predisposition of breed to DCMP

Ngokuvamile, i-DCMP ikhula ezinhlotsheni ezinjalo: i-Dobermans, i-Great Danes, i-Irish Wolfhounds, i-Boxers, i-Newfoundlands, i-Dalmatians, i-St. Bernards, i-Caucasian Shepherd Dogs, i-Labradors, i-English Bulldogs, i-Cocker Spaniels nabanye. Kodwa lesi sifo asigcini nje ezinhlotsheni ezithile. Njengoba kushiwo ngenhla, ijwayelekile kuzo zonke izinhlobo zezinja ezinkulu nezinkulu. Kuphinde kwatholakala ukuthi kwabesilisa, i-pathology ivame kakhulu kunakwabesifazane.

Izimpawu

Njengomthetho, izimpawu zomtholampilo zivela ezigabeni zokugcina zesifo, lapho izinguquko zesakhiwo ku-myocardium ziholela ekungasebenzi kahle kwenhliziyo, futhi zonke izindlela eziguquguqukayo zomzimba ziyaphazamiseka. Izimpawu ze-DCM ezinjeni ziyahlukahluka ngesigaba sesifo, futhi zingase zivele ngokuzumayo futhi zithuthuke ngokushesha. Izilwane ezithintekile zivame ukuqaphela: ukuphefumula, ukukhwehlela, ukuncipha kokusebenza komzimba, ukuquleka, ukuncipha kwesifiso sokudla, ukuncipha kwesisindo,

ascitesUketshezi esiswini.

Ukuxilongwa kwe-dilated cardiomyopathy

Umsebenzi oyinhloko wokuxilongwa ukuhlonza lesi sifo kusenesikhathi futhi ukhiphe isilwane ekuzaleni. Konke kuqala ngokuqoqwa kwe-anamnesis, ukuhlolwa kwesilwane, lapho

indlovukaziUkulalela isifuba ngefonindoscope. Ikuvumela ukuthi uthole ukububula enhliziyweni, ukwephulwa kwesigqi senhliziyo.

Ukuhlola isimo esijwayelekile, ukuhlolwa kwegazi kwe-hematological kanye ne-biochemical kuyenziwa, okuhlanganisa ama-electrolyte, amahomoni e-thyroid, kanye nomaka obalulekile wokulimala kwe-myocardial - i-troponin I.

Ezifuyweni ezifana ne-Dobermans, i-Irish Wolfhounds kanye ne-Boxers, kukhona ukuhlolwa kofuzo ukuze kutholakale izakhi zofuzo eziholela kule nkinga.

I-X-ray yesifuba iwusizo ekunqumeni izimo ezinjengokuminyana kwe-venous, i-pulmonary edema, ukukhishwa kwe-pleural, kanye nokuhlola ubukhulu benhliziyo.

Ukuhlolwa kwe-Ultrasound kwenhliziyo kunikeza ukuzimisela okunembile kakhulu kobukhulu besigaba ngasinye senhliziyo, ukushuba kodonga, ukuhlolwa komsebenzi wenkontileka.

I-electrocardiogram (ECG) ingakala izinga lokushaya kwenhliziyo yakho futhi ihlole noma yiziphi izigqi ezingavamile. Nokho, ukuqapha kwe-Holter kuyindinganiso yegolide ekuxilongeni ama-arrhythmia. Njengabantu, izinja zinikezwa umshini ophathwayo eziwugqoka amahora angu-24. Kuso sonke lesi sikhathi, ukushaya kwenhliziyo kuyarekhodwa.

Ukwelashwa kwe-DCM ezinjeni

Ukwelashwa kwe-canine dilated cardiomyopathy kuncike esigabeni sesifo kanye nobukhulu.

izifo ze-hemodynamicUkuphazamiseka kwesekhula.

Kunamaqembu amaningana ezidakamizwa asetshenziswa kule pathology. Eziyinhloko yilezi:

• Izidakamizwa ze-cardiotonic. U-Pimobendan ungummeleli oyinhloko waleli qembu. Yandisa amandla okufinyela kwe-myocardium ye-ventricular futhi inomphumela we-vasodilating.

• Izidakamizwa ze-diuretic ezinomphumela we-diuretic. Zisetshenziselwa ukulawula ukwakheka kokuminyana emithanjeni yegazi kanye noketshezi lwamahhala emigodini yemvelo - isifuba, i-pericardial, isisu.

• Izidakamizwa ze-Antiarrhythmic. Njengoba i-arrhythmias ivame ukuhambisana nesifo senhliziyo, okubangela i-tachycardia, ukuquleka, ukufa okungazelelwe, le mithi ingabavimba.

• I-Angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors. I-ACE inhibitors isetshenziselwa ukulawula ukujikeleza kwegazi nomfutho wegazi.

• Ama-agent asizayo: ukudla okwelashwa kwezilwane ezinezifo zenhliziyo, izithako zokudla okunomsoco (i-taurine, i-omega 3 fatty acids, i-L-carnitine).

Prevention

Izinhlobo zezinja ezinkulu nezinkulu, ikakhulukazi lezo ezine-DCM njengesifo sofuzo, kufanele zihlolwe unyaka nonyaka wenhliziyo, i-echocardiography, i-ECG, futhi, uma kunesidingo, nokuqapha kwe-Holter.

Ku-Dobermans, Boxers, Irish Wolfhounds, ukuhlolwa kofuzo kuyatholakala ukuze kutholakale ubukhona besifo futhi kususwe ngokushesha isilwane ekuzaleni.

Sonke isilwane esifuywayo sidinga ukudla okulinganiselayo. Ungakhohlwa mayelana nokwelashwa okuhleliwe kwe-endo- kanye ne-ectoparasites nokugoma.

Ikhaya

1. I-DCM ezinjeni yisifo lapho umsipha wenhliziyo uba mncane futhi ube buthaka.

2. I-Pathology ivame kakhulu ezinhlotsheni ezinkulu nezinkulu zezinja.

3. Kwezinye izinhlobo, le cardiomyopathy iyisifo sofuzo. Kodwa kungenzeka futhi ngenxa yezinye izici (ukutheleleka, izifo ze-endocrine, njll.).

4. Enye yezindlela eziyinhloko zokuxilonga i-echocardiography kanye nendlela yokuqapha nsuku zonke ngokusho kukaHolter.

5. Uma isifo sitholwa ezinhlotsheni ezine-genetic predisposition, kuyadingeka ukususa isilwane ekuzaleni.

6. Lesi sifo singaba yi-asymptomatic isikhathi eside. Izimpawu ezivame kakhulu zihlanganisa: ukukhwehlela, ukuphefumula, ukukhathala, ukuquleka. Ukuze ukwelashwa, amaqembu amaningana ezidakamizwa asetshenziswa kuye ngokuthi ukubonakaliswa kwemitholampilo, isigaba sesifo: izidakamizwa ze-cardiotonic, i-diuretics, izidakamizwa ze-antiarrhythmic, njll.

Imithombo:

1. I-Illarionova V. “Umbandela wokuxilongwa kwe-cardiomyopathy enwetshiwe ezinjeni”, umuthi wezilwane we-Zooinform, 2016. URL: https://zooinform.ru/vete/articles/kriterii_diagnostiki_dilatatsionnoj_kardiomiopatii_sobak/

2. Liera R. «Dilated Cardiomyopathy in Dogs», 2021 URL: https://vcahospitals.com/know-your-pet/dilated-cardiomyopathy-dcm-in-dogs—indepth

3. Prosek R. «Dilated Cardiomyopathy in Dogs (DCM)», 2020 URL: https://www.vetspecialists.com/vet-blog-landing/animal-health-articles/2020/04/14/dilated-cardiomyopathy-in- izinja

4. Kimberly J. F., Lisa M. F., John E. R., Suzanne M. C., Megan S. D., Emily T. K., Vicky K. Y. «Ucwaningo olubukeziwe lwe-dilated cardiomyopathy ezinjeni», I-Journal of Veterinary Internal Medicine, 2020 URL: https://onlinelibrary.iwiley.com/ /10.1111/jvim.15972