Yini okufanele uyenze uma inja elunywe yinyoka?

Izinyoka ezinobuthi ezivamile eRussia

Sekukonke, kunezinhlobo ezingaba ngu-90 zezinyoka ezihlala endaweni yeRussian Federation, okuyi-11 kuphela enobuthi futhi eyingozi kwabanye. Cabangela okuvame kakhulu kuzo.

I-Viper Convent. I-Viper iyinyoka enobuthi evame kakhulu eRussia. Ubude bayo buyisilinganiso esingama-70-85 cm, kodwa ezindaweni ezisenyakatho kukhona ama-specimens afika ku-1 imitha. Umbala - ompunga kanye nomnyama omnyama, angase abe nephethini e-zigzag ngemuva. Isimo sekhanda singunxantathu futhi sibanzi, sikhumbuza umkhonto.

Uma inyoka ilume inja, khona-ke amathuba okufa uma kwenzeka usizo olufika ngesikhathi mancane.

I-Steppe Viper. Lena inyoka ensundu ngokumpunga enomugqa omnyama onqenqemeni. Itholakala engxenyeni yaseYurophu yezwe, eNyakatho Caucasus, eCrimea. Ukulunywa kungaholela ekufeni kwesilwane ku-2-5% yamacala.

Inyoka yaseCaucasian kanye nenyoka kaDinnik. Indawo yokuhlala yalezi zinhlobo zezinyoka ezinobuthi ingamahlathi aseWestern Caucasus kanye nebhande le-Alpine. Abameleli bazo zombili lezi zinhlobo babhalwe ku-Red Book, njengoba beyivelakancane. Zinemibala egqamile - isitini esibomvu noma i-orange-yellow. Ukulunywa kubuhlungu impela. Njengezinye izinhlobo zezinyoka, iCaucasia ayiqali ukuhlasela. Ukulunywa kwayo kungabulala u-2-5% wezilwane.

Umthombo: www.clasbio.ru

I-Shitomordnik. Iwuhlobo lwenyoka. Ihlala kusukela emathafeni aseSalskaya ezindaweni eziphansi zemifula iDon neVolga ngasentshonalanga kuya ePrimorsky Territory empumalanga. Ngenxa yombala onsundu nompunga-nsundu, kunzima ukuwubona emahlathini. Isebenza entwasahlobo, uma kuyisikhathi sokukhwelana. Abantu abanolaka banoshevu onamandla ongabulala esilwaneni esilunyiwe.

Umthombo: ru.wikipedia.org

I-Viper. Inyoka enkulu futhi enobuthi kakhulu emndenini wamabululu. Uhlala eNyakatho Caucasus naseDagestan. Ukubukeka kwe-gyurza kuyamangalisa kakhulu: kusuka ku-1,5 kuya ku-2 amamitha ubude futhi kufika ku-3 kg wesisindo. Ngokungafani nezinye izinhlobo zezinyoka, i-gyurza ingahlasela isitha esingase sibe khona kuqala ngaphandle kwesixwayiso futhi ikwenze ngesivinini sombani. Kuyingozi ikakhulukazi entwasahlobo, ngenkathi yokukhwelana. Ibhalwe ku-Red Book.

Umthombo: ru.wikipedia.org

Ingabe ukulunywa yinyoka nezinye izinyoka kuyingozi enjeni?

Ubunzima bokulunywa yinyoka buncike ebuningini bobuthi obujovwe. Ukulunywa entwasahlobo kanye nezinyoka ezincane kunobuthi kakhulu, njengoba kufakwa ubuthi obuningi. Ukulunywa kwenyoka enkulu kakhulu kubhekwa njengeyingozi kakhulu, ikakhulukazi ezinjeni ezincane. Ukuluma olimini noma entanyeni kubangela usongo olukhulu empilweni ngenxa ye-edema eqhubekayo. Ukulunywa emzimbeni kuvame ukuba kubi kakhulu kunokuluma ebusweni noma ezithweni. Ukulunywa okuyingozi

ebuhlunguIsimo somzimba ngaphambi kokufa izinyoka.

Cishe u-20% wokulunywa yinyoka nenyoka “komile” ngoba aqukethe ubuthi obuncane noma awanawo nhlobo.

Usebenza kanjani ushevu?

Ubuthi benyoka bubizwa nge-ophidiotoxin. Ukwakheka koshevu kuyinkimbinkimbi, kuyinhlanganisela yama-albumin, ama-globulins, ama-albumose, usawoti we-calcium, i-magnesium, i-phosphates, i-chlorides nama-enzyme.

Umphumela ojwayelekile womtholampilo we-venom ukwehla ngokushesha kwe-systemic blood pressure ngenxa

i-vasodilationUkunwetshwa kwemisipha ebushelelezi ezindongeni zemithambo yegazi imithambo yegazi. Ubuthi bezinyoka eziningi bungabangela i-aggregationInhlangano ama-platelet kanye nokuncipha kwenani lawo egazini, i-necrosis yemisipha. Izinkinga ezingathi sína ezivela ebuningini bobuthi benyoka zihlanganisa i-ventricular arrhythmias kanye nokuhluleka kwenhliziyo, ukuhluleka okukhulu kwezinso, i-DIC, kanye ukuvimbela umoyaI-Respiratory tract obstruction syndrome.

Izimpawu zokulunywa yinja yinyoka

Izimpawu zomtholampilo zokulunywa yinyoka ezinjeni yilezi: ubuhlungu obukhulu nokuvuvukala kwendawo, ukwanda kwama-lymph nodes esifunda.

Emahoreni angu-24 alandelayo, ukuhlukana kwegazi kungase kubonakale, i-necrosis yezicubu ezizungeze indawo yokulunywa kungenzeka.

Ukusabela okuhleliwe kungase kuvele phakathi nemizuzu emihlanu noma phakathi namahora angu-48 ngemva kokulunywa. Kungaba njalo

i-anaphylaxisUkusabela kwe-hypersensitivity esheshayo entweni yangaphandle kanye nokubonakaliswa kwayo: ubuthakathaka, isicanucanu, ukuhlanza, ukulahlekelwa kokuma endaweni, acute i-hypotensionUkunciphisa ukucindezelwa kwegazi, isisuEziphathelene nesisu ubuhlungu, ukuhluleka kwe-urinary and fecal incontinence, fever, tachycardia, arrhythmias, i-erythemaububomvu, ukwehluleka ukuphefumula.

Kungase futhi kube nokuphazamiseka ohlelweni lokuhlangana kwegazi kuze kufike ku-DIC, ukukhula ukopha, ukulimala kwemisipha yenhliziyo nezinso.

Ukulunywa ebusweni noma entanyeni kuholela ezimpawu eziyingozi kakhulu, ngoba ukuvuvukala okwanda ngokushesha kwezicubu ekhaleni noma olimini kungabangela ukuminza okunemiphumela edabukisayo engenakulungiseka. Kubi kakhulu uma ubuthi bungena ekusakazweni okujwayelekile - lokhu kuzoholela ebusheni obubukhali futhi obunzima bomzimba obunobungozi obukhulu bokufa.

Okufanele ukwenze uma inja elunywe yinyoka - usizo lokuqala

Kuyoba ngcono lapho umnikazi ebona ukuthi inja ilunywe yinyoka, uyaqaphela umzuzu wokulwa nesilwane esihuquzelayo. Isilwane esifuywayo singase sidonse ukunaka ngokukhonkotha noma ukuziphatha okuthukuthele lapho sihlangana nenyoka. Kodwa, ngeshwa, umnikazi akaqapheli ngaso sonke isikhathi isikhathi sokulunywa, kodwa kamuva uyaqonda ukuthi kwenzekani lapho izimpawu zomtholampilo zivela enja elunyweni. Ngokuvamile, inyoka iluma inja ekhanda, entanyeni nasezithweni.

Izinga lokwanda kokudakwa liyashesha, futhi inja idinga usizo olusheshayo!

Ngakho, yini okufanele uyenze uma inja elunywe inyoka:

1. Khawulela ukunyakaza. Inja ethintekile kufanele ilungiswe, ngoba ukwanda komsebenzi wemisipha kusheshisa ukujikeleza kwegazi futhi kuholela ekuhambeni okusheshayo kobuthi ngokusebenzisa i-lymphatic tract. Futhi ukuphuma

   i-lymphUketshezi olugeleza ohlelweni lwe-lymphatic kusukela esithweni esinganyakazi kuyoba okubalulekile okuncane. Lapho uthutha inja, kungcono ukuyigcina isendaweni ebheke eceleni.

2. Faka i-compress ebandayo noma iqhwa. Ukuze uvimbele ukuvuvukala nomphumela we-anesthetic wendawo, kunconywa ukusebenzisa iqhwa endaweni yokuluma.

3. Nikeza i-antihistamine. I-antihistamine ingase inikezwe isilwane esilunyiwe ukunciphisa ithuba lokusabela kwe-anaphylactic. Kungaba yi-Suprastin ngethamo lika-0,5 mg / kg. Zama njalo ukugcina i-antihistamine ekuhambeni kwakho kanye nekhithi yosizo lokuqala yasekhaya.

4. Nikeza isilwane uketshezi oluningi. Kuyadingeka ukunikeza inja elunywe amanzi amaningi, ngoba umthamo omkhulu wamanzi usiza ukuqeda ubuthi emzimbeni.

5. Zilethe emtholampilo wezilwane. Imiphumela yokwelashwa okulandelayo ithinteka ngesivinini sosizo lokuqala kusukela ngesikhathi sokulunywa kanye nokulethwa ngesikhathi kwesilwane esikhungweni sezilwane.

Usizo lwezilwane

Emtholampilo wezilwane, uma kusolwa inyoka, ngokusho kwe-anamnesis, isiguli siphathwa njengesimo esiphuthumayo.

Ekuqaleni, kufakwa i-catheter ye-venous bese kuthathwa amasampula egazi. Ukuhlolwa kufanele kuhlanganise ukuhlolwa kwegazi okujwayelekile kanye ne-biochemical, i-urinalysis, i-platelet count kanye nokuhlolwa kwe-coagulation system (coagulogram).

Isiguli siphathwa ngendlela ephuthumayo, njengesiguli esigula kakhulu. Ihloswe ngokuyinhloko ekudambiseni ubuhlungu obukhulu, ukuvimbela ukusabela kwesistimu, njengokushaqeka kwe-anaphylactic, ukwehlisa umfutho wegazi. Uma kwenzeka ukulahleka kwegazi noma ukukhula

i-coagulopathyIsimo lapho ikhono legazi lokujikisa liphazamiseka isidingo esiphuthumayo sokumpontshelwa igazi.

Uma kungekho contraindications, isingeniso

ama-corticosteroidsama-hormone e-steroid ukukhululeka okusheshayo kokuvuvukala nokunciphisa ubuhlungu. Umthamo onconywayo yi-Dexamethasone 0,1 mg/kg IV noma i-Prednisolone 1 mg/kg ngomlomo njalo emahoreni ayi-12 kuze kube yilapho ubuhlungu, ukuvuvukala, nokuvuvukala kwezicubu kuncipha.

Ukwelashwa ngama-antibiotic esistimu nakho kuyadingeka ukuze kwehliswe ingozi yokutheleleka kwesibili. Kunconywa inhlanganisela yezidakamizwa, okuhlanganisa isizukulwane sokuqala nesesithathu i-cephalosporins, i-penicillin, ne-enrofloxacin. Ngenxa yokuthuthukiswa okungenzeka kokwehluleka kwe-renal acute ezigulini ezilunywe yizinyoka, gwema ukuphatha

i-nephrotoxicUbuthi bezinso ama-antibiotics.

Ukuqapha kwenziwa njengakuzo zonke iziguli ezigula kakhulu. Ukunakwa okukhethekile kukhokhwa esilinganisweni somfutho wegazi, i-ECG, i-diuresis, isimo se-blood coagulation system kanye nokuvuvukala kwendawo ethintekile. Ukuvuvukala kwentamo, ikhanda, kanye namafinyila kungavimbela indlela yokuphefumula futhi ngaleyo ndlela kube yingozi empilweni.

Ukwelashwa kokuhlinzwa kwesilonda kwenziwa uma kutholakala i-necrosis yezicubu ezibanzi. Ngokuvamile izicubu endaweni yokulunywa zichithwa ngemva kwezinsuku ezimbalwa. Izindawo ze-Necrotic ziyasuswa futhi ukuhlanzeka kwesilonda kuqashwe.

Yini engenziwa uma inja ilunywe yinyoka?

• Sika isikhumba endaweni yokulunywa! Njengoba ubuthi busebenza ngokushesha ngokwanele, ukusika akusizi, kodwa kuphela ukulimala okwengeziwe ngengozi yokuthuthukisa ukutheleleka kwesibili.

• Phatha isilonda ngama-ejenti aqukethe utshwala! Lokhu kungasheshisa ukusabela koshevu.

• Faka ibhandeshi eliqinile noma i-tourniquet ngaphezu kwendawo yokuluma! Lokhu kungaphazamisa ukugeleza kwegazi ezicutshini futhi kuholele ku-necrosis.

• Gcoba imithi yesintu! Abukho ubufakazi bokusebenza ngempumelelo kwamakhambi anjalo ekulunyweni kwezinyoka. Lokhu kuzothathwa kuphela njengokumosha isikhathi esiyigugu ukunikeza usizo.

Imiphumela yokulunywa yizinyoka

Ukulunywa yizinyoka akuvamile ukubulawa ezinjeni ezinkulu neziphakathi. Kodwa ezinhlotsheni ezincane, ezinjeni ezindala noma ezinjeni ezinomlando we-pathologies, imiphumela yokulunywa ingaba nzima futhi idabukise.

Izinhlobo ezizwela kakhulu ebuhlungwini benyoka zihlanganisa iSt. Bernard, German Boxer, Rottweiler, English Bulldog, kanye ne-American Molossian.

Izinhlobo zezinja ezimelana kakhulu noshevu yilezi: ama-hounds, ama-huskies, izinja zabelusi zaseCaucasia nase-Asia Ephakathi, ama-spaniel, ama-drathaar, kanye nama-mestizos amakhulu. Kodwa lokho akusho ukuthi abakudingi ukunakekelwa kwezilwane!

Indlela yokuvikela inja ekulunyweni?

Ngeshwa, ayikho indlela yendawo yonke yokuvimbela inja ekuhlanganeni nezinyoka.

Ukugwema isimo esiphuthumayo kuwukuvimbela okuyinhloko kokulunywa. Ukuhamba inja yakho nge-leash kuzosiza ukunciphisa ingozi. Zama ukweqa ama-snags nama-stumps amadala, izihlahla eziminyene. Gcina isilwane sakho sikude namatshe amakhulu ohlangothini olunomthunzi, ungawavumeli aphule izimbobo zamagundane namagundane. Njengoba kungase kube nezinyoka ezizingela amagundane eduze. Khumbula ukuthi izinyoka ziyasebenza futhi zinolaka kusukela ngoMeyi kuya kuSepthemba.

Qeqesha inja yakho ukuthi ilalele imiyalo ngaphandle kokubuza. Inja ayiyiqondi ingozi yenyoka, kodwa isabela ekunyakazeni, imisindo kanye nephunga. Uma ubona inyoka, yala: “Woza kimi” ukuze isilwane esifuywayo size kuwe futhi sihlale eduze kwakho. Uma ubona ukuthi izama ukuhogela inyoka, yithi “Fu” ukuze inja iyibaleke.

Zama ukunaka izinguquko ekuziphatheni nesimo senja yakho!

Izimpendulo zemibuzo evame ukubuzwa

Imithombo:

1. D. McIntyre, K. Drobac, W. Saxon, S. Haskinga “I-Ambulance nokunakekelwa kwezilwane ezincane kakhulu”, 2013

2. AA Stekolnikov, SV Starchenkov "Izifo zezinja namakati. I-Comprehensive Diagnostics and Therapy: Incwadi Yokufunda", 2013

3. EA Dunaev, VF Orlova “Izinyoka. Izilwane zaseRussia. I-Atlas-determinant", 2019