Yini okufanele uyenze uma inja elunywe inyosi noma umuvi?

Ingozi yenyosi noma i-wap sting ezinja

Inani elikhulu lokulunywa yizinambuzane ezibangela ukusabela ezinjeni livela kumalungu omndeni wakwaHymenoptera (hymenoptera): izinyosi, iminyovu, izinyosi nama-hornets.

Ngesikhathi sokuluma, izinyosi zishiya udosi emzimbeni wesilwane, kanye nesikhwama sobuthi. Ngakho-ke, kungaba okunembe kakhudlwana ukusho ukuthi ziyahlaba, azilumi. Imivi namahonethi inemihlathi enamandla kakhulu, ingaluma nayo, ibangele ubuhlungu obukhulu enja ngesikhathi sokulunywa.

Ubuthi balezi zinambuzane buqukethe izinto eziphilayo ezisebenzayo: i-histamine, i-hyaluronidase, i-melittin, i-kinins, i-phospholipase ne-polyamines.

Njengomphumela wesenzo se-histamine, ukusabela okweqile kwenzeka, i-edema, imithambo yegazi iyancipha futhi umfutho wegazi wehla, kanye ne-bronchospasm.

I-Kinin ne-hyaluronidase ama-enzyme aholela ekuphenduleni kwendawo enobuthi.

I-Melittin iwubuthi obuyingozi kakhulu. Ithinta kabi izinqubo ze-metabolic, ivusa ukubhujiswa kwamangqamuzana egazi abomvu (ama-erythrocyte), kanye nokufinyela kwemisipha. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kwandisa ukungena kwezindonga zemithambo yegazi.

Akuwona wonke umuntu owaziyo ukuthi ngemva kokuba izinyosi zilume umuntu, lezi zinambuzane ziyafa.

Imivi iyakwazi ukuhlaba izikhathi eziningi futhi ngesikhathi esisodwa ilume ngomhlathi, ibangele ubuhlungu obubukhali endaweni yokulunywa ezinjeni.

I-sting of bumblebees nama-hornets ayinawo amanotshi, futhi lokhu kuvumela ukuthi isetshenziswe ngokuphindaphindiwe. Ingozi yama-hornets isekutheni ikwazi ukuququda izimbobo ezithelweni ezidla kuzo. I-hornet ephilayo ingawela emlonyeni wenja kanye nesithelo.

Uma inyosi (noma esinye isinambuzane) silume inja endaweni yekhanda, imiphumela iyingozi kakhulu.

Uma isinambuzane siluma esithweni, inja izwa ubuhlungu obukhulu bendawo, ngaphandle kwezinkinga ezinkulu.

Usongo empilweni yenja ukuhlasela kwequlo lezinyosi noma iminyovu ngesikhathi esisodwa. Uma inja ilunywe i-hornet noma i-bumblebee, khona-ke lokhu kudinga ukwelashwa ngokushesha.

Usizo lokuqala uma inja elunywe inyosi noma umuvi

Ungathuki futhi uchithe isikhathi esiyigugu, kodwa kungcono ukuthi uqale ngokushesha ukunikeza usizo lokuqala esilwaneni sakho!

Cabangela isinyathelo ngesinyathelo lokho abanikazi okudingeka bakwenze uma inja ilunywe inyosi, umnyovu, i-hornet, i-bumblebee.

Kunconywa ukwenza ngokuvumelana ne-algorithm elandelayo:

1. Thola udosi bese ususa udosi uma udosi bekuwudosi lwenyosi. Lokhu kuzovimbela ukungena okwengeziwe kobuthi emzimbeni wenja. Kungcono ukwenza lokhu ngama-tweezers ukuze ungachobozi isikhwama sobuthi. Ithuluzi kufanele liphathwe kusengaphambili ngesisombululo esinotshwala. Uma ungenawo ama-tweezers eduze, zama ukususa udosi ngenaliti yokuthunga noma iphini (qiniseka ukuthi uyawabulala amagciwane ngaphambi kokuwasebenzisa!).

2. Phatha indawo yokulunywa ngesisombululo se-antiseptic. Kungaba i-hydrogen peroxide, isixazululo se-chlorhexidine, i-calendula tincture. Ingagezwa ngesisombululo esibuthakathaka se-potanganum permanganate noma insipho namanzi.

3. Yenza i-compress ebandayo. Ungafaka isicelo imizuzu eyi-10-15 indwangu ecwiliswe emanzini abandayo ahlanzekile. Iqhwa noma izikhwama zokudla okulula okufriziwe ezivela esiqandisini zizokwenza, vele uzibophe ngethawula ngaphambili. Lokhu kuzosiza ukukhulula ubuhlungu benja futhi kuvimbele ukukhula kokuvuvukala okukhulu endaweni yezinyosi noma i-wap sting.

4. Sebenzisa amafutha. Ukuze unciphise ukulunywa nokunciphisa ukuvuvukala, i-Fenistil Gel, i-hydrocortisone ointment 1%, i-Advantan ingasetshenziswa endaweni yokulunywa.

5. Nikeza i-antihistamine. Uma kukhona omunye wemithi elandelayo ekhabetheni lemithi yasekhaya - i-Zirtek, i-Cetrin, i-Suprastin, i-Tavegil - ungayinika inja. Kodwa kungcono ukucacisa imithamo yesisindo sesilwane sakho ngokubiza udokotela wezilwane. Ngokusabela kwendawo yokungezwani komzimba, uhlobo lwethebhulethi yezidakamizwa lwanele. Inkambo yokwamukelwa isuka osukwini olu-1 kuye kweziyi-5.

Izinkinga ezingenzeka

Ezinye izilwane ezifuywayo zinesikhathi esinzima sobuthi bezinyosi (i-apitoxin), obungena emizimbeni yazo uma lutinywe inyosi noma umuvi. Izimpawu nokuziphatha kwenja kuncike emalini yobuthi obungene emzimbeni kanye nokuzwela komuntu ngamunye.

Ukungezwani komzimba

Uma inja elunywe inyosi noma esinye isinambuzane, ukungezwani kwendawo noma okujwayelekile kungase kwenzeke.

Izimpawu zokungezwani nomzimba kwendawo:

• Ukuvuvukala nokulunywa endaweni yokulunywa.

• Ukucwiliswa kwamathe (ukuvuthwa amathe).

• I-Lachrymation kanye nokukhishwa okucacile (serous) okuvela ekhaleni.

• Ukuphefumula kanzima.

• Ubuhlungu obubukhali.

• Ukushisa.

• Ukuphazamiseka kwepheshana lesisu.

Siza isilwane: Uma inja ilunywe izinyosi noma ezinye izinambuzane, i-algorithm echazwe ngenhla kufanele ilandelwe ekhaya. Uma kungekho ngcono, udinga ukuya emtholampilo wezilwane oseduze noma ushayele udokotela ekhaya.

Izimpawu zokungezwani komzimba okujwayelekile:

• Ukuqubuka (i-urticaria) okubonakala kahle ku-groin nasesiswini, lapho kukhona izinwele ezincane.

• Ukuklinywa kungenzeka uma ukulunywa olimini, ulwanga, umphimbo, uma isinambuzane singene emlonyeni. Ukuvuvukala okukhulu kuzoholela ekuhlulekeni kokuphefumula

• Ukushaqeka kwe-Anaphylactic. Ijubane lokubonakaliswa lisuka emaminithini ambalwa kuya emahoreni angu-5 kusukela ngesikhathi sokuxhumana ne-allergen (isihlungu sezinambuzane). Ukukhathazeka, ukuhlanza, isifo sohudo, ukushaqeka.

Siza isilwane: Ngokubonakaliswa kwefomu elijwayelekile lokungezwani komzimba, usizo olusheshayo luyadingeka ngokusetshenziswa kwezinhlobo zezidakamizwa ezijovwayo. Kutuswa ukuba kube nama-ampoules e-Diphenhydramine, i-Dexamethasone (noma i-Prednisolone), i-Adrenaline ekhabetheni lemithi yasekhaya kusengaphambili esimweni esinjalo.

Udokotela wezilwane usebenza ngokulandela uhlelo lokwelapha olulandelayo:

1. Ukushaqeka kombani: I-1 ml ye-epinephrine (i-Epiniphrine) ixutshwe no-9 ml kasawoti (isixazululo se-sodium chloride eyinyumba engu-0,9%) futhi ifakwe emthanjeni ngomthamo ongu-0,1 ml/kg.

2. I-Dimedrol (i-Diphenhydramine) 1 mg/kg nge-intramuscularly noma ngaphansi kwesikhumba. Ngokwezinkomba izikhathi ezi-1-2 ngosuku.

3. I-Dexamethasone noma i-Prednisolone (i-corticosteroids esebenza isikhathi esifushane) 0,1-0,2 mg/kg IV noma i-IM.

Uma isimo sizinza, iziguli eziningi zelashwa ngaphandle kweziguli. Ukulaliswa esibhedlela nokuqapha kuboniswa ezilwaneni ezine-edema enzima kanye nezimpawu ze-hypotension (umfutho wegazi ophansi).

Ukusabela okunobuthi okujwayelekile

Kwenzeka lapho inani elikhulu likashevu litholwa, lapho isilwane siluma inamba enkulu yezinambuzane ngesikhathi esisodwa. Kuyisilonda esisongela ukuphila esinezitho eziningi esivame ukubulala.

izimpawu:

• Ukucindezeleka, ubuthakathaka, ukushisa, hypotension.

• I-Paleness noma i-hyperemia (ubomvu) yolwelwesi lwamafinyila.

• Ukucindezeleka kokuphefumula (izinkinga zokuphefumula).

• Ukuphazamiseka kwemizwa ngendlela ye-ataxia, ukuquleka, ukukhubazeka kwenzwa yobuso.

• Uhudo olunegazi.

• Ukuphazamiseka kwe-blood coagulation (thrombocytopenia, DIC), i-petechiae (ukhomba ukopha esikhumbeni), ukopha endaweni ye-catheter efakwa emthanjeni.

• I-Arrhythmia.

Siza isilwane: Uma inja ilunywe inamba enkulu yezinambuzane, ukulaliswa esibhedlela okuphuthumayo kwesiguli esikhungweni sokunakekelwa okuphuthumayo kuyadingeka, lapho i-oxygen inhalation, ukumnika kanye nokwelapha okulwa nokushaqeka ngokuqapha umfutho wegazi kanye ne-ECG kunqunywa ngokushesha. I-prognosis ezimweni ezinjalo isuka ekuqapheni iye engathandeki.

Yini engenziwa?

1. Zama ukukhipha udosi ngeminwe yakho.

2. Kama indawo lapho inja elunywe khona inyosi. Kodwa njengoba lokhu kunzima ukuchaza isilwane esifuywayo, kungcono ukuthenga nokugqoka ikhola yokuzivikela izinsuku ezimbalwa kuze kube yilapho ukushaywa kunyamalala.

3. Ukuzilapha ngemithi yesintu nokumosha isikhathi esiyigugu.

4. Phoqa ukuphakela inja yakho. Kuyoba okwanele ukunikeza ukufinyelela emanzini okuphuza.

Nciphisa ubungozi bokuthintana nezinambuzane ezilumayo

Uma ungafuni ukuthi inyosi ilume inja yakho, zama ukugwema ukuhamba eduze kwendawo yezinyosi. Uma ubona isidleke se-hornet esihlahleni, suka ngokushesha kule ndawo. Ungazondli isilwane sakho izithelo nemifino emnandi endaweni evulekile, izinyosi, iminyovu nezinye izinambuzane zingabuthanela iphunga futhi zilume inja.

Uma inja ihlatshwe yinyosi noma i-wap - into eyinhloko

1. Thola ukuthi inja yatinywa kuphi umnyovu, izinyosi, noma esinye isinambuzane bese uzama ukususa ngokucophelela udosi (uma bekuyinyosi) ngaphandle kokulimaza isikhwama sobuthi.

2. Faka i-antiseptic ye-topical, sebenzisa i-compress ebandayo, futhi unikeze i-antihistamine.

3. Ungayishiyi inja elunywe umnyovu noma esinye isinambuzane ingagadiwe, njengoba ukonakala kungase kwenzeke ngemva kwamahora angu-3-5 noma ngaphezulu.

4. Ngokuvuvukala okwandayo, ukuqubuka, ukuphefumula kanzima noma imfiva, ukuvakashelwa ngokushesha emtholampilo wezilwane kuyadingeka.

Izimpendulo zemibuzo evame ukubuzwa

Imithombo:

1. D. McIntyre, K. Drobac, W. Saxon, S. Haskinga “Ukunakekelwa Okuphuthumayo Nezilwane Ezincane Kakhulu”, 2013

2. AA Stekolnikov, SV Starchenkov "Izifo zezinja namakati. Ukuxilongwa okuyinkimbinkimbi kanye nokwelashwa", 2013