Izitho zocansi ku-turtle

Abanikazi abanezilwane ezifuywayo ezizithandayo - ama-turtles, banesithakazelo endabeni yokuzalanisa okuthunjiweyo, okuhlotshaniswa nesakhiwo sezitho zangasese kanye nokuziphatha "komshado". Ukucushwa okungavamile komzimba wesilwane ngokwawo kusho ukuthi uhlelo lokuzala luhlelwe ngendlela engavamile. Njengezinye izilwane ezihuquzelayo, izimfudu zibekela amaqanda, kodwa ngaphambi kwalokho, ukuvundiswa kwangaphakathi kwenzeka.

uhlelo lokuzala wesilisa

Njengoba izinhlobo eziningi zomndeni wofudu ziphila isikhathi eside ngokwanele, isimiso sokuzala sifinyelela ekuvuthweni kancane kancane, sakheka phakathi neminyaka ethile. Izitho zangasese zama-turtles zakhiwe ngezigaba eziningana:

• amasende;
• izithasiselo zamasende;
• isidoda;
• isitho sokukopisha.

Itholakala engxenyeni ephakathi yomzimba, isimiso sokuzala siseduze nezinso. Kuze kube yinkathi yokuthomba, basebancane. Ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, izitho zangasese ziyakhula futhi ubukhulu bazo buyanda kakhulu. Kubantu abavuthiwe, amasende athatha isimo se-oval noma isilinda; ezilwaneni ezisencane, zibukeka njengokuqina okuncane.

Ku-turtle yesilisa, izigaba ezi-4 zokukhula kwesistimu yokuzala zihlukaniswa:

• okuvuselelayo;
• okuqhubekayo;
• okunqwabelanayo;
• regressive.

Izigaba ezintathu zokuqala zibonisa ukukhula kwamasende. Isidoda sijovwa ku-vas deferens, esithuthela ku-cloaca, bese singena epipini. Lapho eyeduna ivukwa inkanuko, umthondo ovuvukele wofudu udlulela ngale kwe-cloaca futhi ubonakale ngaphandle.

Izinhlobo zasolwandle nezasemhlabeni zihlukaniswa ngomthondo omkhulu. Ngokuvusa inkanuko yobulili, "ikhula" ngo-50%. Kwezinye izinhlobo, ubukhulu bayo bufinyelela kuhhafu ubude bomzimba wabo. Kukholelwa ukuthi isitho socansi asidingeki nje kuphela ukukopisha, kodwa futhi sisetshenziselwa ukwesabisa. Kodwa lapho isikhathi sokuvukwa inkanuko yobulili siphela, umthondo wofudu ucasha ngaphansi kwegobolondo.

Qaphela: Isitho sangasese sofudu lweduna siphumela ngaphandle komzimba ngesikhathi sokuvuka kwenkanuko yocansi nokukhwelana, bese siyahlehlela ngaphakathi kancane kancane. Uma lokhu kungenzeki, khona-ke i-turtle inezinkinga zempilo, ukuthuthukiswa kwezifo ezithile kungenzeka.

Video: umthondo wengquza enamadlebe abomvu owesilisa

Uhlelo lokuzala lwabesifazane

Ezimfudumeni zesifazane, uhlelo lokuzala lwakhiwa iminyango elandelayo:

• ama-ovari amise okwegilebhisi;
• i-oviduct emide;
• izindlala zegobolondo ezitholakala ezingxenyeni ezingenhla ze-oviducts.

Ama-ovari atholakala eduze nezinso futhi atholakala engxenyeni emaphakathi yomzimba. Ukukhula kwabo kwenzeka kancane kancane, futhi ubukhulu buyanda ngesikhathi sokuthomba. Ezilwaneni ezifuywayo, lena iminyaka engu-5-6. Kwabesifazane, ngesikhathi sokuhlangana, zonke izitho zangasese ziyavuvukala, zikhule kakhulu.

I-turtle ayinaso isibeletho, ngoba ukuzala kwe-intrauterine kwentsha akuthuthukisiwe. I-yolk yeqanda yenziwa ngenxa yesibindi, esisihlanganisa sisebenzisa izicubu ze-adipose. Ama-oviducts amabili ahambisanayo ajoyina i-cloaca. Bayabandakanyeka:

• ekuhambeni kwamaqanda;
• ekwakhekeni kwamagobolondo emibungu ezayo;
• ekulondolozeni isidoda;
• ngqo ohlelweni lokuzala.

Ngaphambi kwe-cloaca kukhona isitho sangasese sofudu. Leli ishubhu elinwebekayo lemisipha elinganwebeka futhi lifinyele. Lapha, isidoda singagcinwa isikhathi eside futhi ukukhulelwa kungenzeka lapho iqanda livuthwa ngenxa yesidoda esigcinwe ngaphambili, hhayi ngesikhathi sokuhlangana.

Iqanda elivundisiwe lihamba kancane kancane ku-oviduct bese kwakheka iqanda kuwo. Amaseli engxenye engenhla ye-oviduct akhiqiza amaprotheni (i-protein coat idalwe), futhi igobolondo lenziwa ngezindleko zengxenye engezansi. Kunezimo lapho abesifazane, kungakhathaliseki ukuthi kukhona owesilisa, babekela amaqanda angavundile.

Kunezigaba ezi-4 ekuthuthukisweni kwesistimu yokuzala yofudu:

• ukukhula kwama-follicles ngosayizi;
• inqubo ye-ovulation;
• ukukhulelwa okuqondile;
• ukuhlehla.

Ukwanda kwama-follicles kuwumphumela we-ovulation (ukwakheka kweqanda), kulandelwa inqubo yokuvundiswa, bese kwenzeka ukuhlehla.

Qaphela: Ngemva kokuba insikazi izalele amaqanda ayo, isikhathi sayo sokuzala sizophela futhi isimiso sokuzala siyofika esimeni esizinzile. Ukunakekela inzalo akuyona into evamile ezilwaneni ezihuquzelayo, ngakho umama akanandaba nokuthi inzalo yakhe izozalwa nini futhi kanjani.

Ukuzalanisa ufudu

Izimfudu azizali kahle lapho zivalelwe. Ukuze benze lokhu, badinga ukudala izimo eziseduze nendawo yemvelo. Ngokudla okunempilo, i-microclimate enhle kanye nokunyakaza okukhululekile, inqubo yokukhwelana yezilwane ezihuquzelayo ezihuquzelayo kungenzeka. Bayakwazi ukuya ocansini unyaka wonke.

Ngokuvamile, njengesilwane esifuywayo, bagcina ufudu lwamanzi olunamadlebe abomvu. Abantu bobulili obuhlukile babekwa endaweni evamile futhi baqashwe lapho ubuhlobo busungulwa phakathi kwalaba ababili. Ngokujwayelekile, izinsikazi eziningana zitshalwa neduna ngesikhathi sokuhlangana. Eyeduna, ngokungafani nensikazi, inomsila omude kanye nenotshi ku-plastron.

Ngesikhathi sokuvuka kwenkanuko yocansi, ukuziphatha kwabantu kushintsha ngokuphawulekayo. Basebenza kakhulu futhi babe nempi. Ngokwesibonelo, abesilisa bangase balwele owesifazane.

Izitho zangasese zofudu olunamadlebe abomvu azihluke kakhulu kwezinye izinhlobo.

Ngesikhathi sokukhwelana, eyeduna igibela kweyensikazi bese ijova uketshezi lwesidoda ku-cloaca yayo. Ezimfuduni zasemanzini, ukukhwelana kwenzeka emanzini, kuyilapho izimfudu zasezweni, emhlabeni. Inqubo yokukhulelwa kwenzeka emzimbeni "womama ozayo". Ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa, uhlukaniswa neduna, eliba nolaka.

Qaphela: Kusukela ngesikhathi sokuvundiswa kuya ekubekweni kwamaqanda, kudlula izinyanga ezi-2. Kodwa amaqanda angahlala isikhathi esithile emzimbeni wensikazi uma engayitholi indawo ekahle yokuwabekela. Endaweni engokwemvelo, ufudu lukhetha ukwakha indawo lapho lwazalelwa khona.

Uhlelo lokuzala lwama-turtles luhlelwe kahle futhi likuvumela ukuthi uzale ngaphansi kwezimo ezivumayo zangaphandle izikhathi eziningana ngonyaka. Kodwa njengoba amaqanda namaphuphu engavikelwe unina, iningi labantwana liyafa ngenxa yezizathu ezihlukahlukene. Ngakho-ke, izinhlobo ezingafika kweshumi nambili zibhalwe eNcwadini Ebomvu namuhla, futhi ezinye zigcinwe kumakhophi owodwa.