I-Otitis ezinjeni - izimbangela, izimpawu, izinhlobo, ukwelashwa

Kungani i-otitis media ikhula ezinjeni?

Kunenqwaba yezimbangela ezinkulu ze-otitis media ezinjeni.

• Ukunciphisa ukuzivikela. Umsebenzi ophansi wesimiso sokuzivikela ezifuywayo uholela ekunciphiseni umsebenzi wokuzivikela wesikhumba. Ngenxa yalokho, ezindlebeni kukhona ukukhiqizwa okwandayo kwama-microorganisms amaningi kanye ne-fungus, ukuvuvukala kukhula.
• Ukuba khona kwezinwele ezindlebeni. Izinwele eziminyene kakhulu ezindlebeni zenja zinemiphumela emibi eminingana: iphazamisa ukukhishwa kwesibabule eseqile endlebeni yendlebe, ivimbele ukungena komoya (iyancipha futhi ibe namanzi), ithukuthelisa isikhumba, okuholela ekwandeni komsebenzi wezindlala zendlebe. .
• Ama-neoplasms endlebeni. Ukukhula emgodini wezindlebe kungaphazamisa ukungena komoya, ukopha, ukubola, okubangela ukukhula okusebenzayo kwenani lama-microbes we-pathogenic.
• Ukungezwani komzimba. Ukusabela okweqile kubangela i-otitis ngokunyuka kwe-sulfure secretion, ukwehla kokuzivikela kwendawo.
• Izimbuzane zendlebe. Ilimaza isikhumba somgudu wezindlebe, okubangela ukuvuvukala.
• Ukukhula kwe-cartilage nokugoqa kwesikhumba. Lesi sici sijwayelekile ezinja zezinhlobo ezithile, isibonelo, i-sharpei. Ngenxa yokwanda ngokweqile kobukhulu bokugoqa emgodini wezindlebe, ukushintshaniswa kwegesi kuphazamiseka kuwo.
• Ukungena kwamanzi. Ukuma koketshezi endlebeni kunomthelela ekukhiqizeni ama-microorganisms e-pathogenic.
• Ukungena kwenhlangano yangaphandle. Uma into yangaphandle ibambeka endlebeni yenja, umoya uzoyeka, ukucasuka kokuphela kwezinzwa kuzoqala, ukukhululwa kwesulfure ngokweqile, nokukhula kwamabhaktheriya.
• Ukungalingani kweHormonal. Noma yikuphi ukuphazamiseka kwe-endocrine kungabangela ukukhishwa ngokweqile kwesulfure, ukwehla kokuzivikela kwendawo.
• Ukudla okungalungile. Ukweqile koshukela olula (amaswidi) ekudleni kwesilwane kuholela ekubeni khona kwabo ku-sulfure ekhiqizwayo. Ikhishwe ngevolumu eyengeziwe, iba yindawo yokuzalanisa ukutheleleka.
• Ufuzo. Izilwane ezinezindlebe ezilengayo (ama-spaniels), igobolondo elivuleke ngokweqile (izinja ezilusayo) kanye nalezo ezijwayele ukungezwani ne-allergies maningi amathuba okuba zithole i-otitis media kunezinye.

Isithombe se-otitis media ezinjeni

I-otitis media ivela kanjani ezinjeni?

Izimpawu ze-otitis media enja zingahlukahluka, izinga kanye nesimo sokuqina kwazo kuncike kuhlobo lwesifo, ukungatheleleki, izici zomuntu ngamunye zesilwane, ukunganakwa kwenqubo. Umnikazi kufanele athinte umtholampilo uma ebona lokhu kubonakaliswa okulandelayo:

• isilwane sinikina ikhanda noma sinwaya izindlebe njalo;
• isilwane asikuvumeli ukuthi uthinte izindlebe;
• kwakukhona ukukhishwa kumsele wokuzwa ongaphandle;
• inja ikhala lapho izama ukunwaya izindlebe;
• isibabule esiningi emgudwini;
• uboya buwela ekuqaleni komsele wezindlebe, izilonda, ubomvu, amanxeba avela;
• ama-lymph nodes ngaphansi komhlathi wesilwane akhulisiwe;
• izindlebe ziyashisa lapho uzithinta, futhi ukuvuvukala kwazo kuyabonakala.

Njengoba inqubo ye-pathological ikhula, izinga lokushisa lomzimba jikelele wesilwane liyakhuphuka, uyenqaba ukudla.

Kwezinye izimo, ukugqama kwesinye noma esinye uphawu kungabonisa imbangela ye-otitis media.

Izinhlobo ze-otitis media ezinjeni

Kunezigaba eziningana ze-otitis media ezinjeni.

Ngokwemvelaphi

• Okuyinhloko. Ikhula ngokuzimela (hypothermia).
• Okwesibili. Kungumphumela wanoma yikuphi ukuphazamiseka, isibonelo, i-hormonal.

Ngokwenziwa kwasendaweni

• I-otitis yangaphandle.
• Otitis abezindaba.
• I-otitis yangaphakathi. Okuyingozi kakhulu, njenge-eardrum, izicubu ze-cartilage ziyavuvukala. Kukhona usongo lwe-sepsis kanye nokusabalala kwenqubo ebuchosheni.

Ngokwemvelo yokukhishwa

• I-Purulent.
• I-Exudative (iningi lesulfure likhishwa).

Ngokugeleza

• Okubabayo. Ibonakala ngobuhlungu obunzima, ukuthuthukiswa okubukhali kwezimpawu.
• I-otitis engapheli. Ugezile izimpawu. Ibonakala ngenkambo ende enezikhathi ezishintshayo zokukhuphula kanye nokuxolelwa.

Ngokusho komthombo wokuvuvukala

• Isikhunta. Ukukhiqizwa kwesikhunta kunamandla kakhulu, ngakho-ke lesi sifo sidlula ngokushesha endlebeni yangaphakathi. Izimpawu ziyavezwa, okuletha ukukhathazeka nobuhlungu esilwaneni.
• Amagciwane. Kuhambisana nokwanda kwezinga lokushisa, ukwakheka kwama-crusts ebusweni bomsele wezindlebe.
• I-Malasession otitis. Ibhekisela ezinhlotsheni ze-fungal ze-otitis media. I-ejenti eyimbangela nguMalassezia. Ikhona ebusweni besikhumba sendlebe yenja, kodwa izibonakalisa kuphela lapho ukuzivikela komzimba kuncishisiwe. Ngokuvamile kuhambisana nokutheleleka kwebhaktheriya.
• Ukungezwani komzimba. Kubonakaliswa ukuvuvukala, ukulunywa, ububomvu kwezicubu. Ayiphenduli emithini ye-antifungal ne-antibacterial. Ungasola ukungezwani komzimba uma uthola izimpawu ezifanayo kwezinye izingxenye zomzimba.
• I-Verrucous otitis media (i-warty). Ama-warts amaningi, ukukhula kwakha ebusweni besikhumba sendlebe yenja, okuvimbela kancane kancane indlebe, okuholela ekuvuvukeni.

Okubalulekile: ukuxilonga uhlobo lwe-otitis enja, kungcono ukubonisana nochwepheshe. Ukuhlolwa kwaselabhorethri kuphela okungabonisa ngokunembile imbangela yalesi sifo. Ukuzikhetha ngokwakho izidakamizwa kungabangela izinkinga, kuze kube sekuthulu noma ukuvuvukala kwe-meninges nokufa kwesilwane.

Indlela yokuxilonga

Emtholampilo wezilwane, umnikazi ngeke adinge nje ukukhombisa inja kuchwepheshe, kodwa futhi aphendule imibuzo eminingi. Okubaluleke kakhulu ekuxilongweni yilezi: ukudla (umkhiqizo noma okuphakelayo okuhamba phambili), izici zokuhamba, ukuba khona noma ukungabikho kwemigomo, izifo ezingapheli. Uzodinga ukukhumbula lapho izimpawu zivela, siyini isimo sesifo, ukuziphatha kwesilwane kanye namanye ama-nuances.

Ukuze kutholakale ukuxilongwa, udokotela wezilwane angase anikeze izinhlobo ezilandelayo zokuhlolwa:

• ukuhlolwa kwegazi, ukukhishwa emgodini wendlebe;
• ukunwaya indlebe;
• i-x-ray (uma into yangaphandle isolwa);
• i-tomography (ukuhlola isimo sendlebe yangaphakathi, i-meninges).

Ukwelashwa kwe-otitis media ezinjeni

Ukwelashwa kwe-otitis media ezinjeni kuyinkimbinkimbi. Indlela ye-Conservative ihlanganisa izindawo eziningi:

• ukuqedwa kwesizathu (uma kungenzeka);
• ukususwa kwe-puffiness, ukulunywa, ubuhlungu;
• ukuqeda ama-crusts, secretions, ukwelashwa kwangaphandle;
• ukususwa kwe-detoxification emzimbeni wesilwane;
• ukubhujiswa kwamagciwane e-pathogenic endlebeni nakuwo wonke umzimba;
• ukuqinisa amasosha omzimba.

Uma sikhuluma ngokukhula komsele wezindlebe, izimila, umzimba wangaphandle, khona-ke kungenzeka ukwenza ukungenelela kokuhlinzwa.

Ngenxa yezinhlobonhlobo zezinhlobo zokuvuvukala kwendlebe ezinjeni, ukwelashwa kuzohluka. Ngakho-ke, ku-otitis media engapheli, ngaphezu kwemithi elwa namagciwane enqunywe ngesikhathi sokukhushulwa, kunconywa ukusebenzisa amaconsi ukuvimbela ukukhula kwesikhunta namagciwane. I-fungal otitis idinga ukusetshenziswa kwama-antimycotic agents, futhi ukuvuvukala kwebhaktheriya kuphathwa ngama-antibiotics. Lapho uxilonga i-otitis ye-allergen, okokuqala, kunqunyelwe ukudla okuqinile kanye nama-antihistamines.

Izidakamizwa zokwelapha i-otitis media ezinjeni

Ekwelapheni i-otitis media ezinjeni, izidakamizwa ezilandelayo ziye zazibonakalisa ngempumelelo.

Izinkinga ze-otitis media ezinjeni

Isikhalazo esingakafiki kudokotela wezilwane noma ukuthuthukiswa okubukhali nokusheshayo kokutheleleka kungaholela ezinkingeni eziyingozi, okuyisici ikakhulukazi se-bacterial otitis media. Ngaphezu kokuguqulwa kwalesi sifo kufomu elingapheli, inja ingaba nemiphumela enjengokuthi:

• ukungezwa, ukungezwa;
• ukuvuvukala kwe-meninges;
• ukuphazamiseka kwemizwa;
• ukuphambuka kwengqondo;
• ukuvuvukala kwendlebe yangaphakathi;
• izilonda zamehlo emvelo e-purulent, i-strabismus.

Izici zokwelashwa ekhaya

Ngisho noma umnikazi ekwazi ukwelapha lokhu noma lolo hlobo lwe-otitis enja, kuyadingeka ukwelapha indlebe ekhaya kuphela ngemva kokuhlonza i-pathogen. Akufanele usheshe ufake isilwane sakho ngama-antibiotics noma ungcwabe amaconsi okuqala afikayo. “Ukwelashwa” okunjalo kungaholela ekuwohlokeni kwesimo sesilwane.

Yimiphi eminye imithetho okufanele igcinwe lapho ukwelapha isilwane ekhaya? Okokuqala, ukuhlanza izindlebe kufanele kwenziwe nge-swab, hhayi induku. Ngenxa yobukhulu bayo obuncane, akunakwenzeka ukuhlanzeka ngokugcwele i-auricle ne-ear canal.

Umnikazi kumele abe namakhono okuhlanza izindlebe zesilwane, ikakhulukazi uma uhlobo lunomzila wezindlebe ohlukumezayo, kukhona ukugoqa okuningi nokukhula kwe-cartilage. Kukhona amathuba aphezulu ezenzo ezingalungile zokubangela ubuhlungu enja. Ngaphezu kwalokho, uma kukhona ama-outgrows nama-folders, ngeke kwenzeke ukubona kahle ubuso besikhumba futhi wenze ukuhlanzeka.

Abanye abanikazi bakholelwa ukuthi i-hydrogen peroxide kufanele ifakwe endlebeni yesilwane ukuze "incibilike" ama-deposit, angase asuswe kalula. Eqinisweni, isixazululo senzelwe kuphela ukwelapha usinki. Ukungena endlebeni nokuxhumana nobomvu, indawo eyonakele, impunga, amagwebu e-peroxide, okuholela emisindweni ethile ezindlebeni. Isilwane singase sesabe.

Konke okudingekayo kumnikazi ukunikeza inja ngokuthula, ukwelashwa okwanele okunekhono, ukudla okunomsoco nokunaka.

Okufanele ukwenze ngaphambi kokuvakashela udokotela wezilwane

Uma ungeke ukwazi ngokushesha ukufuna usizo kudokotela wezilwane, ungathatha izinyathelo eziningana ezizimele ezizodambisa isimo senja.

• Hlola i-concha kanye nomsele wokuzwa wangaphandle. Lokhu kumele kwenziwe ngokucophelela ukuze kungalimazi isilwane.
• Uma kukhona umonakalo, baphathe nge-swab efakwe ku-hydrogen peroxide.
• I-otinum ingaconsa ngaphakathi endlebeni. Leli khambi aliyona ingozi empilweni yenja. Kuzosiza ukuqeda ubuhlungu, ukulunywa, ukuthambisa idiphozithi. Kungcono ukungasebenzisi amanye amaconsi noma amafutha endlebe ngaphambi kokuhlolwa nokuxilongwa kukadokotela, ukuze ungabi nomthelela ngengozi ekuphikiseni ama-microorganisms ukuze uqhubeke nokwelashwa.
• Uma isilwane sakho sinomkhuhlane, ungasinikeza i-antipyretic, njenge-paracetamol.

Ukuvimbela i-otitis media ezinjeni

Imikhawulo emincane nemithetho yokunakekela inja izosiza ukuvimbela ukuthuthukiswa kwe-otitis media.

• Ukuzivikela okungcono kakhulu, kwenza inja ingangenwa kalula izifo kanye nezimuncagazi. Ukudla okuphelele nokuhamba kuzosiza ukuqinisa izivikelo zomzimba.
• Ukuhlanza njalo amagobolondo ezindlebeni izikhathi ezingu-1-2 ezinsukwini ezingu-7-10 akuboniswa nje njengendlela yokuhlanzeka, kodwa futhi njengendlela yokuvimbela (ukutholwa kwesifo ekuqaleni).
• Gwema i-hypothermia yesilwane.
• Ngemuva kwezinqubo zamanzi (ekhaya noma echibini), amanzi angaphezulu kufanele asuswe ngokuvala indlebe nge-swab, ukutshekisa ikhanda lenja ohlangothini olulodwa.
• Akuthandeki ukuvumela isilwane sakho siphumele ngaphandle sodwa. Isilwane singalimala, futhi "sijwayelane" nezinye izinja ezingenwe izibungu zendlebe, isikhunta noma ezinye izifo.

Isimo sengqondo sokunaka kumngane onemilenze emine futhi, uma kwenzeka i-otitis media, ukuvakashela ngesikhathi esifanele emtholampilo wezilwane kuyoba yisihluthulelo sempilo yezindlebe kanye nomzimba wonke wenja.