I-feline immunodeficiency virus

I-Feline Immunodeficiency Virus (FIV)

(i-VIC, noma i-FIV yesiNgisi. I-Feline Immunodeficiency Virus) ilingana ne-feline ye-human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), okuholela ekuthuthukisweni kwe-AIDS - i-acquired immunodeficiency syndrome. Ukuba segazini lesilwane, leli gciwane libangela ukwehla kokuzivikela komzimba, okubangela ukuvela kwezifo ezihlukahlukene, ngoba umzimba wekati awukwazi ukulwa nabo ngenxa yokuzivikela okuphansi. Kodwa-ke, kubantu, lolu hlobo aluyona ingozi, kanye namakati abantu.

Izindlela zokudlulisa

Kokubili amakati afuywayo nasendle ahlushwa yi-immunodeficiency. Ngokukhethekile, ucwaningo luye lwabonisa ukuthi amakati e-feral kwezinye izimo azipholisa egciwaneni. Ngokwenza ukuhlola egazini lalaba bantu nokufunda ngabo, bazama ukwakha ikhambi legciwane le-immunodeficiency kokubili amakati nakubantu. Indlela eyinhloko yokudlulisela iwukuluma. Inani elikhulu legciwane litholakala ematheni. Amakati agula kaningi - lokhu kuyaqondakala ukuthi avame ukuba nomshikashika wendawo kanye nowesifazane, ukuphikisana nokulwa. Kukhona futhi amacala aziwayo okutheleleka kwe-intrauterine kwamakati. Ukutheleleka kuvame kakhulu kumakati agcinwe ngaphandle nasezinkomeni ezinkulu (lapho kuba nokushintshashintsha kwemfuyo njalo).

Izimpawu

Izimpawu zingahluka, zifane nezinye izifo. Futhi, kungase kungabi nazimpawu nhlobo isikhathi eside. Izimpawu eziyinhloko ze-immunodeficiency:

• Ukuthuthukiswa kwezifo zesibili ezingathuthuki emakati angatheleleki noma zixazulule ngokushesha.
• Amanxeba angapholi isikhathi eside.
• Ukuvuvukala kwezinsini okungapheli.
• Izifo zamehlo.
• Cachexia.
• Ukubukeka okungahlelekile, okuhlazekile nejazi elibuthuntu.
• Ukukhuphuka kwezinga lokushisa ngezikhathi ezithile.
• I-Lethargy, ukwenqaba ukudla nakho kungenzeka ngezikhathi ezithile.
• Ama-lymph node avuvukile.
• Ukwehla kwezinga lama-erythrocyte.
• izinkinga zezinzwa.
• Izifo ezingapheli zesistimu yokuphefumula.

Amakati amaningi ane-FIV ane-stomatitis engapheli kanye nokutheleleka kwe-calicivirus, ngokuvamile ahlakulela ukutheleleka okukhulu kwe-herpes yesistimu, kanye nokutheleleka kwe-toxovirus yesistimu kanye ne-toxoplasmosis eyingozi. Izifo zesikhumba ezingapheli ezihlobene nokutheleleka kwe-FIV, njengomthetho, zivame ukuba yi-parasitic nature. Ukuhlangana phakathi kokutheleleka kwe-FIV kanye nokuba khona kwe-coronovirus noma izimpawu ze-feline viral peritonitis akukasungulwa. Ukutheleleka okuhlotshaniswa ne-FIV kanye ne-feline leukemia virus kubonakala ngesimo esikhula ngokushesha sokuzivikela komzimba. 

Diagnostics

Ukuxilongwa okuphelele kuyadingeka ukuze kutholakale ukuxilongwa okunembile. Igciwane le-immunodeficiency lingabuye lihlanganiswe nezinye izifo, isibonelo, inhlanganisela evamile ne-hemotropic mycoplasmas.

• Ukuhlolwa kwegazi okujwayelekile komtholampilo kanye ne-biochemical.
• I-Plain ultrasound yomgodi wesisu.
• Ukuhlolwa kwegazi kwegciwane le-immunodeficiency virus, i-feline leukemia kanye nezinhlobo ezintathu ze-hemotropic mycoplasmas.

Ukwelashwa

Umzamo omkhulu uya ekutholeni ikhambi le-immunodeficiency. Kodwa namuhla ayikho. Kukhona imizamo yokusebenzisa ama-immunomodulators ahlukahlukene. Ungalisiza kanjani ikati elingenayo i-immunocompromised? Ukwelashwa kwe-Symptomatic kunqunyelwe kuye ngezimpawu zomtholampilo. Ukwelashwa kwe-antibiotic yesikhathi eside uma kwenzeka kutholakala i-mycoplasmas noma ukuthuthukiswa kokutheleleka kwesibili. Ukondla ngokudla okuthambile noma ngeshubhu uma umgodi womlomo ulimele. Uma umnikazi ebona ukuthi ikati liyahlupheka futhi akukho ngcono izinga lokuphila, khona-ke i-euthanasia yobuntu iyanconywa. Imithi yokuhlola iye yasetshenziswa ukwelapha i-HIV, kodwa okungcono kakhulu iye yanikeza ukuthuthuka okuncane emasontweni ambalwa. Kube nephesenti eliphezulu lemiphumela emibi. Nge-anemia enzima, ukumpontshelwa igazi kungasetshenziswa, noma izidakamizwa ezivuselela i-erythropoiesis zinganqunywa, kodwa lokhu kuyisinyathelo sesikhashana kuphela.

 Izinkinga ku-immunodeficiency

• ukuphazamiseka kwemizwa. Ukuphazamiseka kokulala kuvame ukurekhodwa.
• Ukulimala kwamehlo - uveitis kanye ne-glaucoma.
• Kunobufakazi bokuthi amakati ane-immunodeficiency anengozi eyengeziwe yokuthuthukisa ama-neoplasms.
• Ukuvuvukala okungapheli emgodini womlomo ngokuvamile kuba nzima ngenxa yokwengezwa kwe-calicivirus.
• I-bronchitis, i-rhinitis, i-pneumonia eyinkimbinkimbi yi-herpes virus.
• Ukutheleleka kwesikhumba okungapheli, okungajwayelekile kumakati angenayo i-immunosuppression enzima, njenge-demodicosis.
• Ukuba khona kwe-mycoplasmas ye-hemotropic, osekushiwo kakade.

Ukubikezelwa kwesifo

Kunzima ukukhuluma ngezibikezelo. Amakati amaningi angaba abathwali be-immunodeficiency impilo yabo yonke, futhi afe, isibonelo, ngonyaka weshumi nesikhombisa wokuphila ngenxa yokuhluleka kwezinso. Kukholakala ukuthi isilinganiso seminyaka engu-3-5 sidlula ngaphandle kwezimpawu kusukela ngesikhathi sokutheleleka. Ngokuvamile, lesi sifo sizibonakalisa kumakati amadala kuneminyaka engu-5.

Prevention

Ukuvimbela okungcono kakhulu ukuthenga ikati elivela ekati elifakazelwe elingenawo amasosha omzimba. Uma uthatha ikati endaweni yokukhosela, emgwaqeni noma kubantu obajwayele, ngakho-ke kungcono ukuthi ungazami ukuzihambela. Uma ufuna isilwane sakho siphefumule umoya omusha, hamba naye ngehhanisi noma ungenza i-aviary ekhethekile yekati. Izilwane ezifuywayo zefulethini zenziwa emakhejini akhethekile adlula iwindi, ngakho-ke ikati lingakwazi ukujabulela ukubuka kwezinyoni nezihlahla futhi lingangqubuzani nabanye. Awukho umuthi wokugomela i-immunodeficiency. Ngaphambi kokuthola isilwane esisha, kufanele sivalelwe yedwa amasonto ayi-12, bese sinikela ngegazi ukuze kutholwe ama-antibody titers egciwaneni le-immunodeficiency. Akudingekile ukuthulisa isilwane esingenwe i-FIV, nokho, abanikazi besilwane esinjalo kumelwe bazi ngokugcwele ingozi isilwane sabo esingaba nayo kwamanye amakati afuywayo. Isilwane esinjalo kufanele sihlukaniswe namanye amakati ukuze kuvinjelwe ukusakazeka kokutheleleka phakathi kwamakati alahlekile namakati angaphandle. Izilwane ezinegciwane le-FIV kufanele zikhishwe ngokuphelele ekuzaleni, nakuba ukudluliselwa kwegciwane kusuka kumama kuya kumakati kuyivelakancane. Ezindlini zokuchayeka ngokweqile nasezindaweni zokukhosela zezilwane ezingenamakhaya, abafikayo abasha kufanele bagcinwe bodwa, ukuze bagweme ukulwa nabanye othintana nabo. Ukutheleleka akudluliswa ngezinto zokunakekela kanye nezitsha zokudla, ngakho-ke, ukuhambisana nezinkambiso zokugcina izilwane ezinempilo kanye nokutholwa ngesikhathi kanye nokuhlukaniswa kwezilwane ezinegciwane le-FIV ukuphela kwendlela yokuvimbela.