I-Enteritis ezinjeni - izimpawu nokwelashwa

I-Enteritis ezinjeni - kuyini?

Cishe uzwile igama elithi “enteritis” kodwa cishe awazi ukuthi liyini nokuthi lingamthinta kanjani umngane wakho onemilenze emine.

I-Enteritis ukuvuvukala kolwelwesi lwamafinyila lwamathumbu amancane, olubonakala ngenkambo ebukhali futhi evame ukuhambisana nobuthi obunzima bomzimba, isifo sohudo.

Kunezizathu eziningi ezingabangela ukuvuvukala kwamathumbu amancane enja. Ngokuvamile zihlanganisa: mechanical (blockages - ukuvinjelwa kwamathumbu nge indle, amathambo, njll), i-parasitic (helminths, giardia), amagciwane (shigella, salmonella, clostridia, staphylococcus, E. coli), viral (parvo-, corona-, rotovirus enteritis), imithi (side effect yezidakamizwa). Inkambo yalesi sifo ingaba yimbi noma ingapheli. Acute kwenzeka ngokuzumayo, ngokushesha, futhi ngokuvamile ochwepheshe bezilwane abanaso isikhathi sokulondoloza izilwane ezifuywayo ngenxa yokuthi ezinye zazo ziyafa phakathi namahora ambalwa ngemva kokutheleleka.

Isizathu esiyingozi kakhulu futhi esivamile sokulimala kwamathumbu ezinjeni ukutheleleka kwe-enterovirus. Kukholakala ukuthi izinhlobo ezifana neDobermans, Labradors, Spaniels, Rottweilers, Terriers, German Shepherds zingenwa kakhulu yigciwane elinjalo.

I-Parvovirus enteritis

Kubhekwa njengohlobo oluyingozi kakhulu lwe-enteritis ethathelwanayo ezinjeni. Lesi sifo sibonakala ngenkambo ebukhali, esithathelwanayo kakhulu, yonke indawo, ethinta ikakhulukazi imidlwane efinyelela ezinyangeni eziyisi-6 (kunezimo zesigameko ezifika eminyakeni eyi-1,5). Kuhambisana nokuhlanza, uhudo olunegazi olunephunga elithile le-fetid, ukuphelelwa amandla kwamanzi. Lesi sifo sibangelwa amagciwane ohlobo lwe-parvovirus. Kuyimbangela ethelelanayo evame kakhulu yokufa kwezinja.

ICoronavirus enteritis

ICoronavirus ithathwa njenge-agent yesibili engeyona eyingozi kangako ye-viral enteritis. ICoronavirus enteritis isakazwa ngokushesha okukhulu futhi ibonakala ngokuvuvukala kwamathumbu, ukuphelelwa amanzi emzimbeni kanye nokukhathala komzimba. Uma siqhathanisa izinhlobo ze-coronavirus ne-parvovirus zesifo, khona-ke eyokuqala ibuthakathaka, kodwa ayilimazi umzimba.

Izinja zazo zonke izinhlobo neminyaka yobudala zisengozini, kodwa-ke, kuyaphawuleka ukuthi imidlwane ekugcinweni kweqembu (izindlu) kuze kufike ezinyangeni ezi-5 ubudala izwela kakhulu lesi sifo.

I-Enteritis ye-rotavirus

Kuyisifo esiyingozi kancane phakathi kwe-enteritis ebangelwa amagciwane. Ayivamisile ukubulala, kodwa itholakala yonke indawo futhi iyathelelana kakhulu. Ngokuvamile kuyindlela yokutheleleka kwamathumbu. Emisebenzini yezilwane kanye nezokwelapha, isifo esithathelwanayo esibangelwa amagciwane omndeni we-rotavirus ngokuvamile sibizwa ngokuthi "amathumbu", "umkhuhlane wesisu". Okuthintekayo imidlwane ebuthakathaka, namasosha omzimba angakashintshi, izinja ezigcinwa ngaphansi kwezimo ezimbi, kanye nezinhlobo zokuhlobisa. Lesi sifo siyingozi ikakhulukazi emidlwaneni esuka ezinyangeni ezimbili kuya kwezine ubudala, kodwa ezinjeni ezindala, i-rotovirus enteritis ayivamile.

I-enteritis idluliselwa kanjani ezinjeni?

Ukuhlukaniswa kwegciwane kwenzeka endle, futhi njengoba zizinzile endaweni ezungezile, kuyoba omunye wemithombo eyinhloko yalesi sifo. Lesi sifo asivamile ukudluliselwa ngokuqondile kusuka enjeni egulayo kuya kwenempilo. Njengomthetho, kuqashelwa izindlela ezimbili zokudlulisela lesi sifo:

• Transplacental - kusuka kumama kuya ku-fetus, ngokusebenzisa i-placenta.

• Ukuthintana - ukudla ukudla, indle etheleleke ngegciwane, ukungena ezicathulweni, izingubo zomnikazi, ohlangene nesilwane esigulayo.

Uma isilwane esifuywayo esisha siyiswa endlini lapho i-canine enteritis yemvelo ethathelwanayo yayihlangene khona ngaphambili, kukholakala ukuthi zonke izinto ezihlangene nezimfihlo (indle) yesiguli kufanele zibhujiswe.

Izimpawu ze-enteritis ezinjeni

Izimpawu zesifo zizoncika ekutheni yini ebangele i-enteritis. Sizoxoxa nawe ngezimpawu ze-enteritis ezibangelwa amagciwane.

Cishe i-10% kuphela yalabo abangenwe yileli gciwane ukutheleleka kwe-parvovirus izinja ziyagula futhi zizoba nezimpawu. Zibonakala ngokuthi: umkhuhlane, ukuhlanza okungapheli kanye nesifo sohudo (okuningi - okungukuthi, okukhishwe umfudlana), okunephunga elithile elingathandeki. Endle, izinhlayiya zezicubu zamathumbu zingabonwa. Ukufa kuvame ukuvela emahoreni angama-72 ngemuva kokuqala kwesifo, ikakhulukazi ngosuku lwesibili nolwesine lwesifo. Amathuba okuthola kabusha aphezulu uma isilwane siphila ngosuku lwesihlanu lokugula. Ngokuvamile, lesi sifo sihlala cishe amasonto angu-1-3.

Lapho umnikazi wesilwane eqaphela izinguquko ekuziphatheni, isimo sesilwane, lokhu kakade kuyisizathu sokuxhumana nochwepheshe wezilwane.

enteritis ebangelwa ukutheleleka kwe-coronavirus, ezimweni eziningi kuqhubeka ngaphandle kokubonakaliswa komtholampilo. Kodwa kukhona futhi izimo lapho sibona ukuhlanza, uhudo olunegazi, olunamanzi esilwaneni, njenge-parvovirus. Kodwa ngalesi sifo kuyoba nokuphelelwa amandla kwamanzi emzimbeni, ukukhathala. Kodwa ngeke sibone ukwanda kwezinga lokushisa. Ukubuyiselwa kwenzeka kaningi ezinsukwini ezingama-7-10 ngemuva kokuqala kwesifo.

Iningi izifo ze-rotavirus i-asymptomatic. Uhudo nokucasuka okujwayelekile kubonakala phambi kwamanye ama-pathogenic agents kanye nezici ezibeka phambili.

Diagnostics

Ngaphandle kokuxilongwa kwelabhorathri, udokotela angase acabange ukuthi isilwane sine-enteritis ebangelwa ukutheleleka, okusekelwe ekuhlanganiseni komlando wezokwelapha (umlando wezokwelapha), ukugoma, nezimpawu. Ukuxilongwa kwelabhorathri, odokotela basebenzisa izindlela zocwaningo ezilandelayo:

• Isibalo segazi esiphelele (ezinsukwini ezingu-4-6 zokuqala zesifo nge-parvovirus enteritis, ukwehla kwama-leukocyte kuzoba yisici, okungeke kwenzeke ngohlobo lwe-coronavirus yesifo, ukwanda kwe-hematocrit nakho kuyabonakala);

• Ukuhlolwa kwegazi le-biochemical + ukulawula izinga lama-electrolyte egazi;

• Ukuhlolwa kwendle negazi nge-PCR kanye ne-ELISA (enzymatic immunoassay). Kuyadingeka ukukhomba amasosha omzimba athile, ukuze ukwazi ukunquma ukuthi yikuphi ukutheleleka okubangele i-enteritis;

• Ngenhloso yokuxilongwa ngokushesha, kungenzeka ukusebenzisa izivivinyo ezicacile (isibonelo, i-VetExpert CPV / CCV Ag), noma kunjalo, umphumela ongemuhle awubandakanyi ubukhona bokutheleleka, esimweni somphumela omuhle, ukuba khona igciwane emzimbeni liyaqinisekiswa;

• I-Ultrasound (inquma ukuthi yiziphi izingxenye ezithile zepheshana lesisu ezithintekayo).

Ngemuva kwezifundo, udokotela uzokwenza ukuxilongwa futhi anikeze ukwelashwa okufanele.

Ukwelashwa kwe-enteritis ezinjeni

Ngaphambi kokuba uqale ukwelapha isilwane sakho, udinga ukunquma uhlobo lwesifo kanye ne-pathogen.

Njengomthetho, ukwelashwa kwesilwane esine-enteritis kwenzeka endaweni yesibhedlela. Okwamanje, akukho ukwelashwa okuqondile kwe-antiviral ye-canine enteritis, engokwemvelo yegciwane. Ukwelashwa kwe-enteritis yemvelaphi ehlukahlukene kufana nomunye nomunye futhi kuhloswe ukuqeda izimpawu zesifo.

Ngokuyisisekelo, ukwelashwa kwezimpawu kusetshenziswa ekwelapheni, okubandakanya amaqembu alandelayo ezidakamizwa.

• Ama-Gastroprotectors - izidakamizwa zokuvikela ulwelwesi lwamafinyila - i-omeprozol (Omez), i-famotidine (Kvamatel), i-sucralfate (i-Venter, i-Antrepsin);

• I-Antiemetics - i-maropitan citrate (i-Sereniya, i-Maropital), i-ondasetron (i-Latran);

• I-Prokinetics - izidakamizwa ezikhuthaza i-gastrointestinal tract - metoclopromide (Cerukal);

• Ama-antibiotic asetshenziselwa i-enteritis ezinjeni: i-amoxicillin + clavulanic acid (Amoxiclav), i-cefazolin, i-tylosin (i-Farmozin), i-metronidazole (i-Metrogil), njll.

Kuyadingeka futhi ukulawula i-hypoglycemia (ukwehla kwamazinga kashukela egazini). Ngokuncipha, ukuphathwa kwe-intravenous kwesisombululo se-glucose kwenziwa. Ukuze wenze ukwelashwa kwe-infusion (amaconsi), kuyadingeka ukulawula izinga lama-electrolyte egazi (i-potassium, i-sodium, i-chlorine).

Yini okufanele ukondle inja nge-enteritis?

Ukudla kwendlala kunqatshelwe isilwane esifuywayo, kuyaphuthuma ukuyeka ukuhlanza emtholampilo bese uqala ukondla. Izinja ezithintekile ngokuvamile azikuthandi ukudla ngokwazo, ngokuvamile ziphoqelela ukuncelisa, kwezinye izimo ezinzima kakhulu, kungase kudingeke i-esophagostomy yesikhashana - leli ishubhu elikhethekile le-silicone elithambile elidlula kumminzo liye esiswini ukuze kube lula ukondla isiguli.

Ukondla, njengomthetho, kwenzeka kancane kancane izikhathi ezingama-4-5 ngosuku.

Izinja kufanele ziphakelwe ukudla okuthambile, okugayeka kalula. I-Hill's, i-Purina, ne-Royal Canin benza ukudla kwezilwane okulungiselelwe ngokucophelela ukuze kube nokudla okunomsoco futhi kube mnene emgudwini wamathumbu, okubalulekile ku-canine enteritis. Lokhu kufaka phakathi: I-Hill's Prescription Diet Diet Digestive Care i/d I-Dry Dog Food, I-Hill's Prescription Diet Digestive Care i/d Ukudla Kwenja Emanzi, I-Purina ProPlan Ukudla Kwezilwane I-Gastroenteric Dry Dog Food, I-Purina Pro Plan Veterinary Diets Ukudla kwe-Gastroenteric Wet dog, I-Royal Canin Veterinary Diet Amathumbu ukudla kwenja enamafutha aphansi okomile, I-Royal Canin Veterinary Diet I-Gastrointestinal LowFat ukudla kwenja emanzi.

Ngokuvamile, ukudla kuthatha amasonto angu-2-4, ngemva kwalokho, ngokusho kobufakazi bukadokotela, ungakwazi ukubuyela ngokushelela ekudleni kwakho okujwayelekile.

Izimpawu nokwelashwa kwe-enteritis emidlwaneni

Imidlwane ephakathi kwamasonto amabili kuya kwayi-2 ubudala isengozini enkulu yokuthinteka. Kodwa uma kuqhathaniswa nabantu abadala, i-enteritis emidlwaneni inzima kakhulu futhi ku-12% yamacala iyabulala. Engcupheni imidlwane engagonyiwe, kanye nemidlwane ngemva kokulunyulwa konina masinyane.

Izimpawu nokwelashwa kwe-enteritis emidlwaneni akuhlukani nezilwane ezindala.

Izinkinga ezingenzeka

Naphezu kokwelashwa okufika ngesikhathi, i-enteritis ingabangela izinkinga. Okungenzeka kakhulu yizi: ukubambezeleka kwentuthuko emidlwaneni, ukuhluleka kwenhliziyo, ukuphazamiseka emsebenzini we-musculoskeletal kanye nezinhlelo zokuzala.

Prevention

Ungakwazi ukuvimbela i-enteritis esilwaneni sakho ngokuthatha izinyathelo ezithile:

• Qiniseka ukuthi uthola yonke imigomo enconyiwe yokuvikela amagciwane ayingozi amenza agule.

• Thola ukwelashwa kwezikelemu namazeze njalo.

• Ukudla okufanele, okunomsoco kubaluleke ngokufanayo.

• Gcina isilwane sakho entanjeni ukuvimbela ukucosha udoti futhi ugweme ukuthintana nendle, izilwane ezilahlekile noma ezingagonyiwe.

• Kuyadingeka ukubheka ukuhlukaniswa lapho kuvela isilwane esisha, kanye nangemva kokugoma ngakunye.

Kunezimo eziningi ezingaholela ekungeneni kwesilwane esilwaneni, kodwa izinyathelo ezingenhla zizonciphisa izingozi zokugula.

Uma isilwane sakho sine-enteritis, ukwelashwa kusenesikhathi kubalulekile. Ungakunaki ukubonakaliswa kwe-viral enteritis enjeni yakho. Qiniseka ukuthi uthintana nodokotela wakho wezilwane uma izimpawu zihlala isikhathi esingaphezu kosuku olulodwa.

Ukugonywa kweCanine Enteritis

Ukuze ugweme ukutheleleka ngesifo, kuyadingeka ukwenza imigomo yokuvimbela. Kuyaphawuleka ukuthi izilwane ezigonyiwe zitheleleka kuphela ku-5-10% wamacala, futhi lesi sifo ngokwaso sincane, ingozi yokufa izoncishiswa.

Ukugonywa kwezilwane ezifuywayo kwenziwa ngokuqinile ngokulandela uhlelo ngemigomo yomkhiqizi wasekhaya noma wangaphandle.

Bazibonakalise kahle – Nobivak DHPPi (Holland), Vanguard (Belgium), Eurikan (France).

Sikwethulela uhlelo lokugomela izinja ezifweni ezinkulu ezithathelwanayo:

• Ukugoma kokuqala kwenziwa ezinyangeni ezi-2 ngomgomo oyinkimbinkimbi.

• Ngaphezu kwalokho, okuphindaphindiwe ukuze kusungulwe ukuzivikela okuzinzile kwenziwa ngemva kwamaviki angu-4 (ezinyangeni ezi-3). Kanye nokugoma okuphindaphindiwe kwegciwane lamarabi nakho kuyenziwa.

• Ukugoma okulandelayo kuyaphindwa ngemva kwamasonto ama-4 (ezinyangeni ezi-4).

• Umgomo wokugcina wokuqinisa wenziwa ngonyaka ongu-1 (izinyanga eziyi-12). Ngemuva kokugoma, iphindwe izikhathi ezi-1 ngonyaka.

Ingozi kubantu

Njengomthetho, i-enteritis ayidluliselwa kubantu futhi ayifaki ingozi kubantu, njengezilwane zezinye izinhlobo. Umuntu futhi uhlushwa yi-enteritis, kodwa lolu uhlobo lwesifo oluhluke ngokuphelele olungasakazwa ezifuyweni. Ngakho-ke, umnikazi angase angesabi ukutheleleka lapho enakekela isilwane sakhe esigulayo, kodwa udinga ukukhumbula ukuthi angaba umthwali wesifo, ngoba. ngokuvamile, amagciwane athatha izimpande ezingutsheni nasezicathulweni, ngemva kokungena emvelweni. Khumbula ukugeza izandla nezingubo zakho ngemuva kokuphatha isilwane esigulayo.

I-Enteritis ezinjeni - into eyinhloko ngalesi sifo

1. I-Enteritis yisifo esivamile, esibonakala ngokuvuvukala kwamathumbu amancane, okuhambisana nesifo sohudo, ukuphelelwa amandla kwamanzi, ubuthi obukhulu bomzimba.

2. Izimbangela eziyingozi kakhulu ze-enteritis ezinjeni yilezo ezibangelwa ukutheleleka ngegciwane. Izinja zabo bonke ubudala ziyagula, kodwa imidlwane engaphansi konyaka owodwa ubudala evela eqenjini eliyingozi isengozini enkulu: ayigonyiwe, igonyelwe ngokwephula uhlelo, ngokuqukethwe okuminyene (iqembu).

3. I-symptomatology yesifo esibangelwa ama-agent ahlukene (izimbangela) ifana nomunye nomunye futhi ihluke kuphela ngesilinganiso sokugeleza. Nge-enteritis, inja yakho izobonisa izimpawu ezilandelayo: umkhuhlane, isifo sohudo, ukwenqaba ukudla, ukunganaki, ukuhlanza. Ukuba khona kwenani lalezi zimpawu kudinga ukwelashwa okuphuthumayo emtholampilo.

4. Ukuze uthole ukuxilongwa okuqondile kwesifo, i-ELISA, i-PCR kanye nokuhlolwa okusheshayo kuyasetshenziswa.

5. Njengamanje, akukho ukwelashwa okuqondile kwe-antiviral yokwelashwa kwe-viral enteritis. Ukwelashwa kuhloswe ngayo ukuqeda izimpawu ezibangelwa yilesi sifo.

6. Ukuvimbela i-viral enteritis ukugoma okufika ngesikhathi. Kodwa kufanelekile ukukhumbula ukuthi ngisho noma isilwane sakho sigonyiwe, lokhu akubandakanyi amathuba okuba nesifo.

Izimpendulo zemibuzo evame ukubuzwa

Imithombo:

1. I-Canine viral enteritis ukusabalala kwe-parvo-, i-corona-, izifo ze-rotavirus ezinjeni e-Netherlands / GA Drost // Udokotela wezilwane ngekota, — 2015 № 2 P.4. — Iph. 181-190. // https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7134481/

2. U-Lauren J. Canine Coronavirus, 2022 // https://www.petmd.com/dog/conditions/digestive/c_dg_canine_coronavirus_infection

3. I-Malmanger E. Konke Odinga Ukukwazi Nge-Parvo Ezinjeni, 2020 // https://www.petmd.com/dog/conditions/infectious-parasitic/c_dg_canine_parvovirus_infection