Uhudo Olungapheli Ezinjeni Nasemakati: Ingabe Kufanele Ukhathazeke?

Uhudo olungapheli ezilwaneni ezifuywayo ngokuvamile alunakwa. Ikakhulukazi uma iqale esemncane futhi wonke umuntu "ujwayele" lokhu.

Ngokuvamile, ukuthunjwa kwenja noma ikati elidala kwenzeka izikhathi ezingu-1-2 ngosuku, futhi isihlalo sakhiwe. Uma imvamisa ye-defecation yanda, futhi isitulo sinama-mushy isikhathi eside noma ukuphindaphinda kuyaphawulwa, lokhu kungase kubonise i-pathology.

Uhudo olungapheli ngokuvamile luhlotshaniswa neqembu lezifo ezibizwa nge-IBD, isifo samathumbu esivuvukalayo. Sizokhuluma ngakho kulesi sihloko.

Izimpawu ze-IBD (isifo sofuba esiswini) zifaka:

1. hlanza

2. isifo sohudo

3. Ukwehla kwesisindo

4. Ukuncipha kokusebenza komzimba

5. Igazi endle kanye nokuhlanza

6. Ukwehla kwesifiso sokudla.

Imbangela eqondile ye-IBD (isifo samathumbu okuvuvukala) ayaziwa, kodwa kunezici eziningana ezingathonya ukukhula kwayo:

1. Isakhi sofuzo

2. Ukuphazamiseka kwamasosha omzimba emathunjini

3. Imvelo

4. izici ze-microbial.

• Isakhi sofuzo

Kubantu, kutholwe ukuguqulwa okuhambisanayo ku-genome okuhlotshaniswa nalesi sifo. Ezinye izifundo zenziwe nasezilwaneni, kodwa okwamanje kukhona ezimbalwa zazo.

• Ukuphazamiseka kwamasosha omzimba emathunjini

Amasosha omzimba amathumbu ayinkimbinkimbi. Kuhlanganisa ulwelwesi lwamafinyila, amafinyila, ama-immunoglobulins, izinhlobo ezahlukene zamaseli omzimba, nokunye. Ngaphakathi kwalesi simiso, kukhona ukuzilawula, isibonelo, amanye amangqamuzana omzimba avuselela noma avimbele isenzo samanye amangqamuzana, kuye ngokuthi isimo. Ukuphazamiseka kwalokhu kubhalansi kungabangela impendulo engafanele yesimiso somzimba sokuzivikela ezicini ezihlukahlukene, okuholela, isibonelo, ukuvuvukala ngokweqile kumuntu ocasulayo omncane.

• Imvelo

Imiphumela yokucindezeleka, ukudla, nezidakamizwa ekuthuthukisweni kwe-IBD kubantu kuye kwachazwa. Kodwa ezifuyweni ezifuywayo, ukuxhumana phakathi kokucindezeleka nokuthuthukiswa kohudo olungapheli akuzange kuboniswe. Kodwa-ke, amakati nezinja zaziwa ngokuthuthukisa ukusabela kokuvuvukala ekuphenduleni ukucindezeleka, njenge-cystitis.

Ngokudla, yonke into iyafana nabantu. Amasosha omzimba ajwayele ukucijwa ukuze abone iphrotheni yangaphandle kwamanye amagciwane noma igciwane. Izinhlobonhlobo zamaprotheni okudla zingabonwa isilwane njengesitha, esingabangela ukuvuvukala emathunjini.

• Izici ze-Microbial

Ushintsho ekubunjweni kwe-gut microbiome lungaholela ekwandeni kwezinhlobo zamabhaktheriya ezinolaka ezizolimaza izindonga zamathumbu, okuholela ekuvuvukeni.

I-IBD ihlukaniswe ngezinhlobo ezi-4 ze-pathologies yamathumbu:

1. Ukuzwela ukudla. Ngokusebenzisa ukudla kokuqeda noma amaprotheni e-hydrolyzed ekudleni, lesi sifo siyalapheka. Lolu hlobo lwe-IBD luvame kakhulu.

2. Ukuzwela kuma-antibiotics. Kulokhu, i-IBD ixazulula ekuphenduleni ukusetshenziswa kwama-antibiotic. Lesi sifo siqala kabusha ngemuva kokukhanselwa kwabo.

3. Ukuzwela kuma-steroids (ukucindezelwa kwamasosha omzimba). Ixazulula ngokusetshenziswa kwezidakamizwa ezicindezela amasosha omzimba. Lokhu kuyadingeka uma amasosha omzimba emathunjini engasebenzi kahle.

4. I-Refractoriness (akukho ukuzwela kukho konke). Le-IBD ayiphenduli kunoma yini. Isizathu salokho asaziwa.

Ukuxilongwa kwe-IBD kuqala ngokukhishwa kwama-pathologies anezimpawu ezifanayo.

Lezi zihlanganisa:

• Ukutheleleka ngegciwane okungamahlalakhona kwamakati (i-leukemia kanye ne-immunodeficiency)

• Izifo eziphazamisayo

• Ama-Neoplasms

• I-pathologies yesibindi

• I-pathology yezinso

• Ukuphazamiseka kohlelo lwe-endocrine

• Imizimba yangaphandle

• Ukuphazamiseka kokudla

• Ukuchayeka kuma-ejenti anobuthi.

• Ukuhlolwa kwegazi. Azikwazi ukusetshenziselwa ukuxilonga i-IBD, kodwa kungasoleka nezinye izifo ezinezimpawu ezifanayo zikhishwe.

• Ukuhlolwa kwe-X-ray. Ikuvumela ukuthi ukhiphe amanye ama-pathologies angabangela izimpawu ze-IBD.

• Inqubo ye-Ultrasound. Ikuvumela ukuthi ubone izinguquko odongeni lwamathumbu oluwuphawu lwe-IBD, kodwa futhi ingaba kwezinye izifo, njenge-lymphoma. Futhi, i-ultrasound ingakhipha amanye ama-pathologies, njengama-neoplasms.

• I-Endoscopy yesisu namathumbu. Ngosizo lwekhamera encane, ulwelwesi lwamafinyila lwesisu namathumbu luyahlolwa. Ngezinguquko ezithile, ungasola i-IBD futhi ukhiphe ezinye izinkinga, ezihlanganisa imizimba yangaphandle, ama-neoplasms, njalonjalo.

• I-Histology. Ukuze wenze lokhu kuhlolwa, udinga ukuthatha izingcezu zezicubu zamathumbu. Inqubo yenziwa noma ngesikhathi sokuhlolwa kwe-endoscopic noma ngesikhathi sokuhlinzwa kwesisu. Amasampula atholakele ahlolwa ngesibonakhulu. Kuphela ngesisekelo sale ndlela kungenziwa ukuxilongwa okuqondile kwe-IBD.

Ukuhlolwa kwe-histological kuhlasela kakhulu, ngakho-ke isilingo sokwelashwa singaqalwa uma i-IBD ethambile noma emaphakathi iye yakhishwa futhi ezinye izinkinga ziye zakhishwa. Kodwa-ke, ukuxilongwa, ukuhlolwa kwe-histological kungcono kakhulu.

Uma isilwane esifuywayo singaphenduli ekwelashweni noma sinezinkinga ezihlobene ne-IBD, ukuhlolwa kwe-endoscopic kanye ne-histological kufanele kwenziwe.

• Ukudla. Isilwane esifuywayo kancane kancane sidluliselwa ekudleni ngomthombo omusha wamaprotheni noma nge-hydrolyzed protein. Uma kukhona ukusabela ekudleni okusha, khona-ke isilwane sine-IBD encike ekudleni.
• Ama-antibiotics. Kusetshenziswa lapho kungekho mpendulo ekudleni. Ngaphambi kokuqala inkambo yokwelashwa ngama-antibiotic, izidlo eziningana ezahlukene zingasetshenziswa ngokulandelana, ngezinye izikhathi kuthatha izinyanga ezimbalwa.

Ama-antibiotic anempendulo ephumelelayo athathwa cishe inyanga engu-1, bese ayakhanselwa. Uma izimpawu zibuya, ukwelashwa isikhathi eside kuyanqunywa.

• I-Immunosuppression. Uma isilwane singaphenduli ekwelashweni ngokudla kanye nama-antibiotics, inhlanganisela ehlukahlukene yezidakamizwa ze-immunosuppressive zibekiwe. Umthamo kanye nenhlanganisela ikhethwa ngakunye ngokuya ngempendulo yokwelashwa kanye / noma imiphumela emibi.
• Ukwelashwa kwe-probiotic okuhambisanayo. Udokotela ubeka noma akanikezi ama-probiotics, kuye ngokuthi isimo, ngokubona kwakhe.
• Ukwelashwa okujulile. Uma isilwane sakho sine-IBD enzima, singase sidinge ukunakekelwa okujulile esibhedlela ukulawula izinkinga.

Ukubikezelwa kuncike esilwaneni ngasinye. Njalo inja yesibili ngezikhathi ezithile ibonisa izimpawu ze-IBD. Njalo okwesine kuya ekuxolelweni okuzinzile. Inja eyodwa kwezingama-25 ayilawuleki.

Uma isilwane sakho sinohudo olungapheli noma sihlanza isikhathi esingaphezu kwamasonto amathathu, qiniseka ukuthi uthintana nodokotela wakho wezilwane. Uzokwazi ukuxilonga imbangela yesimo sesilwane futhi anikeze ukwelashwa okufika ngesikhathi.

Umbhali wale ndatshana: UMac Boris Vladimirovich, udokotela wezilwane kanye nomelaphi emtholampilo waseSputnik.