Yini i-babesiosis futhi ihlala kuphi imikhaza ye-ixodid

 I-Babesiosis (piroplasmosis) yezinja iyisifo semvelo esigxile ku-protozoal transmissible non-contagious blood parasitic disease, esenzeka ngokushesha noma okungamahlalakhona, okubangelwa i-protozoan parasite Babesia (Piroplasma) canis futhi ebonakaliswa ukushisa okuphezulu, i-anemic kanye nokuphuzi kolwelwesi lwamafinyila, futhi. njenge-hemoglobinuria, i-palpitations, i-atony yamathumbu.Lesi sifo saziwa kusukela ngo-1895, lapho u-GP Piana no-B. Galli-Valerio bebika ukuthi lesi sifo esaziwa ngokuthi "i-bilious fever" noma "i-jaundice eyingozi yezinja ezizingelayo" sibangelwa i-parasite yegazi, abayiqamba igama elithi: Piroplasma. i-bigeminum (okuhlukile kwe-canis) . Kamuva, lesi silwanyana saqanjwa ngokuthi Babesia canis. E-Russia, i-agent ye-causative i-Babesia canis yaqala ukutholwa ngo-1909 ngu-VL Yakimov e-St. E-Belarus, i-NI yabonisa i-parasitism ye-piroplasms (babesia) ezinjeni uDylko (1977). I-Babesia iphathwa imikhaza ye-ixodid yohlobo lwe-Dermacentor. Abacwaningi abaningi baye baqaphela ukudluliselwa kwegciwane le-babesiosis nge-transovarial ngemikhaza, futhi ngenxa yokuthi imindeni yezinja zasendle ezidla inyama nayo isengozini yokutheleleka nge-B. canis, ngakho-ke ingasebenza njengamadamu emvelo. Emashumini amabili eminyaka adlule, kube noshintsho olukhulu ekusakazekeni kwemikhaza. Ngempela, uma ngo-1960-80s amacala okuhlaselwa kwe-ixodid ezinja aqoshiwe, ngaphandle kokungavamile, ezindaweni zasemaphandleni nasezindaweni ezingaphansi (e-dacha, ukuzingela, njll.), bese kuthi ngo-2005-2013 iningi lamacala okuhlaselwa kwemikhaza. zenzeka ezindaweni zamadolobha ngokwawo (emapaki, ezigcawini, ngisho nasemagcekeni). Izimo nendawo okuhlala kuyo imikhaza ye-ixodid edolobheni ihluke kakhulu kulezo ezitholakala kuma-biotopes emvelo. Lezi zici ezilandelayo zingahlukaniswa lapha: ukwanda kokungcoliswa komoya osemkhathini kanye nokuncipha kokugcwala komoyampilo kuveze ukuhlukana kwezindawo zemikhaza ukuhlukahluka okuphawulekayo kwezimo zezulu zendawo izinhlobo ezingabalulekile zezinhlobonhlobo zezilwane (izinja, amakati, ama-synanthropic rodents) izinguquko ezivamile endaweni ehambisana nokukhula kanye ukwakhiwa kabusha kwezakhiwo ukuminyana okuphezulu kwabantu nezokuthutha, ukunyakaza kwabo okusebenzayo. Lezi zimo ngokungangabazeki zithinta ukuvela nokugcinwa kwefoci yemikhaza edolobheni. Yonke insimu yanoma yiliphi idolobha lanamuhla ingahlukaniswa ngokwemibandela ibe ingxenye endala, encane, nezakhiwo ezintsha. Ingxenye endala yedolobha iyindawo yokwakha engaphezu kweminyaka engama-50. Ibonakala ngezinga eliphezulu lokuya emadolobheni, ukungcoliswa kwegesi okuphawulekayo kanye nenani elincane lezimila. Njengomthetho, indawo enjalo ayinayo imikhaza. Isici esiyinhloko esethulweni nasekunyakazeni kwazo yizilwane eziphethe, ngokuvamile izinja. Ngaphakathi kwendawo, imikhaza ingahlala emapaki, ezikweleni nasemagcekeni lapho kunezihlahlana. Izindawo ezisencane - kusukela eminyakeni emi-5 kuye kwengama-50 kusukela ekuthuthukisweni kwazo. Zibonakala ngendawo ethuthuke ngokwanele, futhi ukufudukela emadolobheni kulezi zindawo kuphansi kunendawo yokuqala (emashumini eminyaka amuva nje, lapho kwakhiwa izindawo ezintsha, izikhala eziningi eziluhlaza zivezwa ngokushesha). Ngesikhathi sokwakheka kwezwe, amaphakethe okuhlasela komkhaza anesikhathi sokwakheka. Indawo ingahlukaniswa ngokwemibandela ibe ama-subzones amabili:

• izindawo lapho imikhaza yayingekho khona
• izindawo lapho imikhaza yayivame ukuba khona.

 Ezindaweni ezingaphansi lapho i-ixodids yayingekho, ukwakheka kwe-foci ye-tick infestation, njengomthetho, kuyinqubo ende. Imikhaza yethulwa ngaphandle yizilwane ezibambile. Khona-ke, lapho zifika ezitshalweni, izinsikazi ezigxilile zizalela amaqanda, lapho izibungu ziphuma khona. Uma bezitholela ababungazi, khona-ke isikhungo esisha sokumaka siyakhiwa kancane kancane. Izindawo ezingaphansi lapho imikhaza yayihlala khona, yizindawo ezisezindaweni ezincane lapho kungakhiwanga khona. Lezi zingase zibe amapaki akhona kakade, izikwele namabhande ehlathi, okunqunywa ukuthi agcinwe. I-foci yokuhlasela kwemikhaza ezindaweni ezingaphansi ezinjalo iyaqhubeka, bese imikhaza isakazekela ezindaweni ezingomakhelwane. Ngenxa yalezi zizathu, ukuhlasela kwemikhaza ezindaweni ezisencane kungase kubonakale. Izakhiwo ezintsha ziyizindawo lapho ukwakhiwa kuqhubeka khona futhi kuze kube yiminyaka emi-5 ngemva kwalokho. Umsebenzi wokwakha njengamanje ushintsha kakhulu indawo yemvelo, okuvame ukuholela ekufeni kwemikhaza. Ngakho-ke, ukwenziwa kwamakoloni kwale ndawo ngomkhaza kwenzeka kancane kancane (kanye kanye nokwenziwa kwendawo entsha) ngokwethulwa kwezilwane ezisingethe noma phakathi nokufuduka kwazo ngokwemvelo zisuka ezindaweni eziphawulwe emngceleni. Ngokuvamile, izakhiwo ezintsha zibonakala ngokungabikho kwezibungu noma izibungu eziphansi kakhulu.

Bona futhi:

Inja ingayithola nini i-babesiosis (piroplasmosis) 

Babesiosis ezinjeni: izimpawu

Babesiosis ezinjeni: ukuxilongwa

Babesiosis ezinjeni: ukwelashwa

Babesiosis ezinjeni: ukuvimbela