Ama-dinosaur aphezulu ayi-10 amakhulu emhlabeni

Ama-Dinosaurs yizilwane ezashabalala emakhulwini eminyaka edlule. Yayikhona enkathini ye-Mesozoic. Igama elithi “dinosaur” laqala ukuvela ngo-1842. Lihunyushwa ngokuthi kubi, kubi. Wavezwa isazi sezinto eziphilayo uRichard Owen. Ngakho wazama ukubonisa abantu ubukhulu nobukhulu babo.

Ososayensi abaningi baye bazama ukutadisha lezi zilwane ezingaqondakali kusukela ezinsalela. Kodwa sikwazile ukuthola ukuthi phakathi kwazo kwakukhona izilwane ezidla uhlaza, izilwane ezidla inyama kanye nama-omnivores. Abaningi bahamba ngezitho ezimbili zangemuva, kanti abanye bahamba ngezine. Abanye bahamba ngokuthula kokubili nakwesine.

Kusukela kwatholakala ama-dinosaurs emhlabeni, atholakale cishe kuwo wonke amazwekazi. Kodwa kuyafaneleka ukusho ukuthi kwakukhona abambalwa babo kuphela endaweni yaseRussia. Kodwa, isibonelo, esifundeni sase-Amur kukhona amathuna amaningana amathambo alezi zilwane.

Lesi sihloko sizobheka ama-dinosaur amakhulu kunawo wonke emhlabeni.

10 I-Charonosaurus

isisindo: kufika ku-7t Ubukhulu: 13 m

I-Charonosaurus kwatholakala okokuqala osebeni lwaseShayina lomfula obizwa ngokuthi i-Amur ngo-1975. Kwavubukulwa, ngenxa yalokho kwatholakala amathambo nezinsalela eziningi. Amaqoqo ayeqhelelene kakhulu.

Phakathi kwabantu ababelapho kwakukhona abasha nabadala. Konke kwakukhomba ukuthi babulawa uhlobo oluthile lwezilwane ezidla ezinye. Kodwa kuyenzeka futhi ukuthi zidliwe zaphinde zahlahlelwa izitho ezihlukene.

I-Charonosaurus yayibhekwa njenge-dinosaur enkulu kakhulu. Isilwane sasikwazi ukuhamba ngendluzele nasemaceleni aso. Ezingaphambili zazizincane kakhulu kunezingemuva.

9. I-Iguanodon

isisindo: kufika ku-4t Ubukhulu: 11 m

I-Iguanodon kwakuyi-dinosaur yokuqala edla uhlaza eyatholwa ososayensi. Ngo-1820, amathambo atholakala enkwalini eVeitemans Green. Khona-ke, ngemva kwesikhathi esithile, amazinyo esilwane ambiwa, ayehloselwe ukuhlafuna ukudla kwezitshalo.

Wayekwazi ukunyakaza emilenzeni yomibili kanye nemilenze yomibili. Ugebhezi lwaluluncane, kodwa lukhulu. Kunombono wokuthi bafa ngenxa yalezi zinhlekelele. Amathambo atholakala endaweni eyodwa. Kodwa abukho ubufakazi bokuthi babene-reflex yomhlambi. Mhlawumbe babehlala bodwa.

8. I-Edmontosaurus

isisindo: I-5 t Ubukhulu: 13 m

Iningi Edmontazaurov yatholakala eNyakatho Melika. Ngokunokwenzeka, bahamba ngamaqembu amancane abantu abayi-15-20.

I-Edmontasaurus ingenye yezilwane ezidla uhlaza ezinkulu kakhulu. Kodwa anomsila omkhulu, okwazi ukuphakamisela imoto yabagibeli emoyeni ngokushaya kanye. Wadla emi ngemilenze emine, kodwa wanyakaza emibili kuphela.

Okuwukuphela kwesici esahlukanisa lolu hlobo kwezinye kwakuyisakhiwo sogebhezi. Kwakukhona ikhala le-platypus noqhwaku oluyisicaba.

7. I-Shantungosaurus

isisindo: I-12 t Ubukhulu: 15 m

I-Shandugosaurus kubhekwa njengommeleli omkhulu wezilwane ezijwayele ukudla izitshalo. Ososayensi bathola lolu hlobo emuva ngo-1973 eShandong.

Isakhiwo sogebhezi lwalululeke kancane futhi lukhulu. Ingaphambili liyisicaba kancane futhi lifana noqhwaku lwedada. Babedla amaqabunga ezihlahla nezihlahla ezincane.

Babehlala emahlathini aseMpumalanga Asia. Kuyaphawuleka ukuthi zazikhona ngemihlambi kuphela. Ngakho zazikwazi ukulwa nezitha, futhi zazimbalwa zazo.

6. I-Carcharodontosaurus

isisindo: I-5-7 t Ubukhulu: I-13-14 m

I-Carcharodontosaurus ibhekwa njengesilwane esizingelayo, kodwa hhayi esikhulu kunazo zonke ezihlala e-Afrika. Kuhunyushwe kusukela kusiGreki sasendulo ngokuthi “isibankwa esinamazinyo abukhali“. Futhi ngempela, kwaba njalo.

Ngokuqinile lolu hlobo lwasakazwa eNyakatho Afrika, kanye nase-Egypt, Morocco. Okokuqala kwatholwa isazi se-paleontology saseFrance uCharles Depert. Base bethola izinsalela zogebhezi, amazinyo, ama-vertebrae omlomo wesibeletho nomsila.

Idayinaso yayinemilenze yangemuva eqinile, yingakho yayihamba phezu kwayo kuphela. Ngezindleko zangaphambili kunezingxabano. Ngakho ososayensi abakatholi ukuthi zazikhona yini. Kodwa noma ngabe zazikhona, cishe zazingathuthukile.

Ugebhezi lwalulukhulu impela. Umhlathi umncane, uveza amazinyo abukhali. Umzimba omkhulu waphela umsila omkhulu. Badla ezinye izilwane.

5. IGiganotosaurus

isisindo: I-6-8 t Ubukhulu: I-12-14 m

Okokuqala uhlala i-giganosaurus zatholwa ngo-1993 ngumzingeli uRuben Carolini. Leli dinosaur elikhulu impela elidla inyama elaliphila enkathini ye-Upper Cretaceous.

Ama-femurs nama-tibias akhe ubude obufanayo, okusho ukuthi wayengeyena umgijimi omningi. Ugebhezi lude kancane. Amagquma ayabonakala emathanjeni ekhala. Lokhu kwandise amandla abo ngesikhathi sokulwa.

Izifundo ezaqhutshwa zabonisa kuphela ngo-1999 eNyakatho Carolina. Lapha bazama ukufakazela ukuthi isilwane sinegazi elifudumele futhi sinesimo esikhethekile se-metabolism.

4. I-Spinosaurus

isisindo: I-4-9 t Ubukhulu: I-12-17 m

I-Spinosaurus wayehlala endaweni manje ebizwa ngokuthi iNyakatho Afrika. Esinye sezilwane ezinkulu zalolu hlobo. Okutholakele okusha kushintsha njalo umbono wangaphambilini. Izazi ze-paleontologists bezilokhu ziphikisana.

Abaningi baye baqaphela ukuthi ukusebenza kulolu hlobo kufana nokufunda i-alien. Ayifani neze nezinye izidalwa ezikhonjwe ngaphambilini.

Idayinaso yayinentamo ezacile kakhulu, kodwa inomlomo omude futhi omncane, okwamsiza ukuba agwinye izinhlanzi ziphelele. Ngaphambili kogebhezi kukhona imihuzuko engavamile eyasiza ukubamba ukunyakaza okuhlukahlukene emanzini.

Amazinyo ayebukhali kakhulu futhi emakhulu. Iphelele ekubambeni izinhlanzi. Ngemuva ungabona ama-spikes amakhulu ayengamamitha angu-2 noma ngaphezulu ubude. Akwaziwa ukuthi ngempela bebehloselwe ngani. Mhlawumbe basiza esikhumbeni se-thermoregulation.

Ngo-2018, ososayensi bathola ukuthi lolu hlobo oluthile lungabhukuda kalula, njengezinye eziningi. Kwakungenzeka ukugingqika emanzini ohlangothini lwayo.

3. I-Zavroposeidon

isisindo: I-40-52 t Ubukhulu: 18 m

I-Zavroposeidon Kubhekwa njengenye yezinhlobo ezinkulu kakhulu zama-dinosaurs. Okokuqala kutholwe e-USA. Okokuqala kwatholakala ama-vertebrae omlomo wesibeletho ngo-1994 endaweni yasemaphandleni, eyayingekude ne-Texas.

Imivubukulo yenziwa ithimba leMnyuziyamu Yomlando. I-dinosaur yayinama-vertebrae amane omlomo wesibeletho. Zazinde kakhulu. Ubukhulu obumangalisayo nentamo yakhe - cishe amamitha angu-9.

2. I-Argentinosaurus

isisindo: I-60-88 t Ubukhulu: 30 m

Ama-Argentinosaurs – esinye sezilwane ezinkulu ezazihlala eNingizimu Melika. Yayikhona ngesikhathi seCretaceous.

Okuwukuphela kwezinsalela zatholwa ososayensi ngo-1987 kuphela e-Argentina. Kutholwe epulazini lomnikazi, oqale wathatha iphutha ngethambo le-fossil elula. Kodwa ngemva kwalokho, kwambiwa ama-vertebrae amakhulu, alinganiselwa kumasentimitha angu-159 ukuphakama.

Lolu hlobo lwachazwa ngo-1993 ngomunye wezazi ze-paleontologist okuthiwa u-José Bonaparte. Wasethula ngokuthi “i-pangolin evela e-Argentina”. Ososayensi isikhathi eside abakwazanga ukunquma usayizi wangempela.

Kuyaqapheleka ukuthi amadokhumenti nezinhlelo zithwetshulwe cishe zonke izinhlobo zama-dinosaurs. I-Argentosaurus injalo. Umagazini okhethekile othi "Ezweni Lama-Giants" ukhuluma ngempilo nendawo yokuhlala yalezi zinhlobo.

1. Amphicelius

isisindo: 78 – 122 t Ubukhulu: 48 m

Yilolu hlobo olugqamayo phakathi kwezinye ngosayizi walo omkhulu. Ngokokuqala ngqa, izinsalela zezilwane zatholwa ngu-Oramel Lucas eColorado.

Kodwa bafunda ngabo kuphela ngo-1878. Omunye wezazi ze-paleontologist wabhala isihloko mayelana nama-dinosaurs ezinhlobo ze-amphicelia. Lowo muntu kwakungu-Edward Cope.

Ama-dinosaurs omhlaba ayemakhulu, okungazange kutholakale ngokushesha ososayensi. Amathumbu ayevumela ukugaya ukudla okunekhalori ephansi. Izinga lokushisa lomzimba cishe lalihlala lizinzile, okungeke kushiwo ngezinhlobo ezincane.