Ukugcina izigwaca ekhaya: izici zokunakekela izinyoni ezincane nezindala

Ukugcina nokuzalanisa izigwaca kuwumsebenzi owusizo kakhulu futhi onenzuzo. Inyama namaqanda alezi zinyoni ezincane aqukethe amaprotheni ezilwane abalulekile emzimbeni womuntu, kanye nenhlanganisela elinganiselayo yezinto eziwusizo kubantu. Abaningi bathi amaqanda ezigwaca anomuthi wokwelapha. Izigwaca zikhula futhi zikhule ngokushesha okukhulu, ziyanda, ngakho-ke, phakathi nonyaka, inani elitholakalayo lezinyoni lingandiswa ngokuphindwe kashumi.

Ulwazi olujwayelekile mayelana nezigwaca

Kuneziqondiso ezilandelayo zokuthuthukiswa kwalezi zinyoni: iqanda, inyama (ama-broilers), ukulwa nokuhlobisa. Okuwusizo kakhulu futhi kunenzuzo ukuzalanisa nokugcinwa kwezigwaca zezinhlobo ezibeka amaqanda.

Mayelana nokukhiqizwa kwamaqanda, izigwaca yizona ezihamba phambili uma ziqhathaniswa nezinkukhu ezifuywa kahle, ngoba izigwaca zesifazane ziyakwazi khiqiza amaqanda angaba ngu-300 ngonyaka. Mayelana nesisindo samaqanda esisindweni somzimba, izigwaca zinenani eliphakeme kakhulu phakathi kwezinye izinyoni zezimboni. Isisindo esijwayelekile seqanda lezigwaca lesifazane sisuka ku-9 siye ku-12 g. Umbala wamaqanda u-variegated, amabala ngokuvamile amnyama noma aluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka. Izigwaca ngasinye sinephethini yaso ekhethekile egobolondweni.

Izinyoni zezinhlobo ezahlukene kanye namafomu e-hybrid anomehluko ekubukekeni, umbala wezimpaphe, isisindo, ukukhiqiza nezinye izici.

Okuwukuphela kobubi obuncane bezigwaca yibo usayizi omncane. Kodwa ngenxa yalokhu "kubi", izinzuzo ezingenakuphikwa ziyavela: inyama yezigwaca namaqanda ayilahlekelwa ukunambitheka kwayo, ukukhiqizwa kwamaqanda akuwohloki, ukungenwa yizifo akukhuphuki, okuyinto evamile ezinyoni ezinkulu ngenxa yokwanda okuqhubekayo kwezinyoni zabo. isisindo somzimba.

Izigwaca zezinsikazi zinesisindo somzimba esikhulu kunezabesilisa. Izigwaca ezithunjiwe zivuthwa ukuze zibe ne-oviposition ekuqaleni kwenyanga nesigamu. Lezi zinyoni mancane amathuba okuthi zingenwe umkhuhlane wezinyoni ngoba zigcinwa zisendlini.

Ukugcina nokuzalanisa izigwaca

Izigwaca zabantu abadala. Ukuzalanisa, ukunakekela nokunakekela

Lapho uthenga izinyoni, qaphela ukuthi kungcono ukuthatha abantu abaneminyaka esukela kweyodwa kuya kweyodwa nenyanga. Izigwaca ezincane zizobekezelela ukuthuthwa ngaphandle kokucindezeleka okukhulu, zijwayele indawo yokuhlala entsha, isimiso esisha sansuku zonke, ukudla kanye nombuso wokukhanya. qaphela ukubonakala kwezinyoni. Kunezimpawu ezimbalwa ezikhombisa impilo yomuntu:

• Uqhwaku lwezigwaca kufanele lome, akufanele lube nezimila.
• Izimpaphe eduze kwe-cloaca kufanele zihlanzeke.
• Inyoni akufanele ibe yisidudla, kodwa akufanele ibe mncane kakhulu futhi.
• Ekuphefumuleni kwezigwaca, imisindo engaphandle, njengokushaya ikhwela noma ukuhefuzela, akufanele izwakale.
• Uma inyoni igula, khona-ke ukukhathala nokudangala kuyoba khona.

Ukugcina izigwaca ekhaya ngenhloso yokukhiqiza amaqanda okudla, izigwaca azidingeki, abesifazane bazozalela noma kunjalo. Kodwa ngokuzalanisa izigwaca nokuvela kwenzalo, izigwaca zidinga owesilisa.

Izigwaca ezihlobisayo zigcinwa ngaphandle ezindaweni ezivalekile ezinophahla olungamamitha okungenani nengxenye. Izigwaca zenyama noma zeqanda zihlala emakhejini kuphela. Ekamelweni lapho izinyoni zigcinwa khona, izibani zokufakelwa kanye nesistimu yokukhipha umoya kufanele kufakwe. Akufanele kube khona okusalungiswa, ngaphandle kwalokho izinyoni zizoqala ukuwisa izimpaphe kakhulu.

Indlu kumele ifudumale. Uma kunesidingo, faka umthombo wokushisa owengeziwe. Akudingekile ukushisa igumbi nabantu abadala, kwanele ukulifaka kahle. Izinga lokushisa elilungile lokugcina izigwaca ezikhulile ngu-t 20-22 ° C, ukushintshashintsha okungenzeka okuvumelekile kusuka ku-16 kuya ku-25 ° C. Uma izinga lokushisa lehla ngaphansi kwe-16 ° C, izigwaca ngeke zizalele amaqanda. Futhi uma izinga lokushisa lehla ngaphansi kuka-5 °C, izinyoni zingase zife.

Egunjini lapho kugcinwa khona izigwaca, kubalulekile ukugcina umswakama womoya wamaphesenti angama-50-70.

Ikhombisa lokho umoya awumanziswanga ngokwanele:

• izimpaphe zezinyoni ziyashwabana, zishwabene;
• izigwaca zivame ukuphefumula imilomo yazo ivuleke kancane;
• ukukhiqizwa kweqanda eliphansi.

Kodwa ngisho nasemakamelweni anomswakama ophezulu, izinyoni ngeke zizizwe zikhululekile.

Lapho ugcina izigwaca ekhaya, amakheji ezinkukhu avamile noma amabhokisi alula angase afaneleke. Iphansi kufanele limbozwe ngesihlabathi, hay, sawdust, utshani, iphephandaba. Izingubo zokulala kufanele zishintshwe nsuku zonke ukuze kube entsha. Uma lesi simo singafinyelelwanga, igumbi lizonuka imfucumfucu yezinyoni, okungeyona nje into engathandeki, kodwa futhi eyingozi. Izigwaca ezinsikazi azidingi izidleke; babekela amaqanda ngqo phansi.

Ikheji kufanele libe endaweni ethulile lapho izinga lokushisa le-ambient liseduze negumbi lokushisa. I-loggia ayifanele indawo yekheji, ngoba izinga lokushisa lomoya lapho lingaphansi kokushintshashintsha okuphawulekayo. Futhi, awukwazi ukubeka ikheji efasiteleni, ngoba kusukela ekukhanyeni kwelanga izigwaca zizobe zingaphumuli, zibe nolaka, zingabamba amaqanda futhi zishayane ngemilomo yazo.

Uma, nokho, izinyoni zaqala ukulwa, khona-ke kukhona Nazi ezinye izindlela zokuzola:

• faka “umlwi” kwelinye ikheji;
• usebenzisa i-opaque material, faka ucingo ekhoneni lenyoni enolaka ekhejini elivamile;
• yenza mnyama ikheji kancane;
• thatha ikheji endaweni emnyama futhi uyishiye kuze kube yizinsuku ezingu-5, ungakhohlwa ukondla izinyoni.

Usuku lokukhanya olufanele lwezigwaca luthatha amahora ayishumi nesikhombisa. Lezi zinyoni azikuthandi ukukhanya okukhanyayo. Ukukhanya okuthobile kuthulisa izigwaca, azilwi zodwa futhi azicoli amaqanda. Kunconywa ukuthi uvule isibani ngehora lesi-6 ekuseni futhi ucime ngo-11 kusihlwa. Uma wenza amahora okukhanya kwemini yezigwaca amahora angaphezu kweshumi nesikhombisa, khona-ke ungakwazi ukwandisa ukukhiqizwa kwamaqanda kwabesifazane, kodwa lokhu kuzothinta kabi isikhathi sokukhiqiza kwabo, ngamanye amazwi, bazoguga ngokushesha. Ukusetshenziswa kokuphakelayo nakho kuzokwenyuka. Esimeni lapho ukukhanya kwelanga kwezinyoni kuhlala ngaphansi kwenani elijwayelekile, ukukhiqizwa kwamaqanda kuzokwehla, futhi izigwaca zizoba nesikhathi sokulambela kakhulu "ubusuku obude".

Okungenani kanye ngesonto kuyadingeka ukunikeza izinyoni ithuba lokubhukuda esihlabathini esimahhadla noma engxubeni yesihlabathi nomlotha 1:1. Le nqubo inikeza izigwaca injabulo enkulu futhi ikuvumela ukuba uqede ama-parasites. Ngemuva kokugeza, udinga ukuhlola ukuthi akhona yini amaqanda asele esihlabathini.

Okungenani kanye ngenyanga, udinga ukubeka amakheji lapho izigwaca zihlala khona ekuhlanzeni okuphelele. Indlela enjalo ingasetshenziswa. Susa izinyoni, ugeze ngokucophelela ikheji usebenzisa ibhulashi, amanzi ashisayo kanye ne-detergent. Bese uthela amanzi abilayo phezu kwekheji bese uyomisa.

Ukukhula kwezilwane ezisencane

Ngokushesha ngemva kokuzalwa kwabalambile amatshwele ezigwaca akhwishiza kakhulu. Ngemva kwesikhashana, baba nokuzola, ukulala isikhathi eside, Peck ukudla futhi baphuze amanzi phakathi nesigaba sokuphumula. Izigwaca zimbozwe nge-fluff ensundu, imigqa emibili elula ilandelana ngemuva. Isisindo sabo sifinyelela ku-8 g kuphela. Udinga ukuqapha ngokucophelela izingane, ngoba amatshwele angena emigodini ehlukahlukene, emigodini noma emigodini futhi angase afe ngenxa yalokho.

После вывода птенцы перепелов помещаются в коробку с высокими стенками и с верхом, закрытым металлической сеткой. Izinga lokushisa eliphansi le-35-38 °C lifinyelela ku-XNUMX-XNUMX °C, futhi lifinyelela izinga lokushisa eliphansi kakhulu. ukunciphisa ku-20-22 ° C. Ukuze ulawule ukushisa ebhokisini, ungasebenzisa isibani esijwayelekile sikagesi ngokusiphakamisa noma ukusehlisa. Uma amatshwele eqoqwe ndawonye, ​​ekhala njalo, izinga lokushisa alikho ngokwanele, futhi liqhwa. Futhi uma izigwaca ezincane zimi zodwa, imilomo yazo ivuleke kancane, noma iqamba amanga nje, kusho ukuthi ziyashisa, futhi izinga lokushisa lidinga ukwehliswa kancane.

Kubalulekile ukunikeza amatshwele ezigwaca izimo zokukhanyisa ezifanele. Akufanele kukhanye kakhulu. Izigwaca zezinsikazi ezikhuliswe ekukhanyeni okukhulu zizokhiqiza amaqanda amancane. Emasontweni amabili okuqala okuphila, amatshwele ezigwaca adinga ukumbozwa ubusuku nemini. Ngemva kwamahora abo emini alethwa ngokushelelayo kuze kube amahora ayishumi nesikhombisa ngosuku.

Uma amatshwele esenamasonto amathathu ubudala, atshalwa emakhejini nabantu abadala. Akulula ukuhlukanisa abesilisa kwabesifazane, kodwa ngalesi sikhathi sebevele behlukaniseka. “Ebafaneni”, izimpaphe ezisesifubeni nasentanyeni zimnyama, zinsundu ngokubomvu kanye namachashazi amnyama. Kwabesifazane, izimpaphe zamabele zimpunga ngokukhanyayo namachashazi amakhulu amnyama. Uma izigwaca ezincane zitshalwa kabusha ngemva kwezinsuku ezingu-21, lokhu kuzoholela ekubambezelekeni kwenqubo yokukhiqiza amaqanda. Abesilisa abeqile bafakwa emakhejini ukuze bakhuluphaliswe.

Abesilisa baba abantu abadala bese beyeka ukukhula lapho sebenamasonto ayisishiyagalombili, Ukuvuthwa ngokocansi kwenzeka ezinsukwini ezingama-35-40. KUSUKAEzisikazi zivuthwa kancane kancane futhi lapho sezineminyaka eyisishiyagalolunye ubudala zifinyelela isisindo esifika ku-135 g.

Ukuphepha kwezigwaca ezincane ngaphansi kwezimo ezijwayelekile cishe kumaphesenti angama-98, okuphakeme kakhulu kunezinye izinyoni. Amatshwele akhula ngokushesha. Phakathi nezinyanga ezimbili, afinyelela isisindo esidlula izikhathi ezingu-20 zokuqala. Lokhu kubonisa izinga lokukhula ngokushesha, futhi, ngokufanele, i-metabolism ejulile kulezi zinyoni.

Ukondla izigwaca

Uhlelo lokudla kanye nokudla kwabantu abadala

Zonke izithako zokudla kwezigwaca:

• amaprotheni,
• okusanhlamvu,
• amavithamini,
• amagobolondo asolwandle
• amatshe.

Okuqukethwe okunganele noma okweqile kwengxenye eyodwa noma enye kuthinta impilo nokukhiqiza kwezigwaca.

Ukudla okungcono kakhulu kwalezi zinyoni okuphakelayo okuyinhlanganisela yezigwaca. Kungenzeka ukwengeza izitshalo zezimpande (amazambane, izaqathe, ama-beet) ekudleni. Udinga futhi ukondla izinyoni ngemifino eqoshiwe (iklabishi, ama-dandelions, i-alfalfa).

Ukuze uhlangabezane nezidingo zamaprotheni ezigwaca, udinga ukuzondla nge-cottage shizi, inyama egayiwe, inhlanzi, inhlanzi noma inyama kanye nokudla kwamathambo, imbewu ye-sunflower kanye nefilakisi. Ukuqinisekisa inani elanele lamaminerali ekudleni, kusetshenziswa amagobolondo, okumele achotshozwe kahle. Ukuthuthukisa inqubo yokugaya ukudla, kubalulekile ukunikeza izigwaca izigwaca.

Kunconywa ukupha abantu abadala izikhathi ezintathu kuya kwezine ngosuku cishe ngesikhathi esifanayo nezikhawu ezilinganayo phakathi kokuphakelayo. Izinyoni kufanele zilambe kancane, azidingi ukusuthiswa ukuze izigwaca zingakhuluphali.

Izinyoni kufanele zinikezwe amanzi ubusuku nemini. Abaphuzayo bafakwa ngaphandle kwehhoko ukuze izigwaca ziphuze amanzi zikhiphe amakhanda phakathi kwezinsimbi. Udinga kabili ngosuku ashintshe amanzi ageze ophuzayo. Ngezinye izikhathi, ukuvimbela izifo zamathumbu, kuyadingeka ukuncibilikisa amakristalu ambalwa e-potassium permanganate emanzini okuphuza kuze kutholakale umbala obomvana ongabonakali.

Uhlelo lokudla kanye nokudla kwezilwane ezisencane

Amatshwele angakwazi ukuzondla ngokushesha ngemva kokuzalwa. Ukudla okudingekayo kubo kuwukudla okuqukethe amaprotheni amaningi, amavithamini namaminerali. Ezinsukwini ezimbili noma ezintathu zokuqala bayogwaca ingaphakelwa ngamaqanda abilisiwe, edinga ukuchotshozwa futhi ifakwe esitsheni esibanzi, esiphansi.

Ngosuku lwesithathu, udinga ukwengeza ushizi we-cottage shizi kanye nommbila ochotshoziwe eqandeni noma uphakele izinkukhu. Ngosuku lwesithupha - lwesikhombisa, imifino eqoshwe kahle ingangeniswa ekudleni. Ngesonto lesibili lokuphila, amatshwele ezigwaca angapena ukudla okuhlanganisiwe okuhloselwe izinkukhu. Futhi lapho efinyelela amasonto amathathu kuya kwamane, okuqukethwe nokudla kwamatshwele kufana nabantu abadala.

Esontweni lokuqala lokuphila, izigwaca zidinga ukuphakelwa izikhathi ezi-5 ngosuku, okwesibili nokwesithathu - izikhathi ezi-4, kusukela ngesonto lesine, inani lokuphakela liyancipha libe kathathu ngosuku. Inani lokudla kwamatshwele akudingeki lilinganiselwe. Ngemuva kwamahora amabili ngemuva kokudla, ukudla ngokweqile kufanele kususwe.

Amanzi amatshwele, njengokudla, kufanele ahlanzeke futhi abe masha. Amanzi kwabaphuzayo ayadingeka shintsha kabili ngosuku, abaphuza kufanele bahlanzeke, kungcono ukunikeza amanzi abilisiwe. Udinga ukusebenzisa abaphuza ivacuum kuphela, njengoba izigwaca zingaminza kwezinye. Kungenzeka futhi ukusebenzisa izivalo zenayiloni ezijwayelekile zamathini njengezitsha zokuphuza. Kuyadingeka ukuncibilikisa amakristalu amaningana e-potassium permanganate emanzini abe nombala obomvana ongabonakali. Ukudla namanzi kufanele kube izinga lokushisa elilingana negumbi.

Kusukela emasontweni amabili ubudala, amatshwele ezigwaca kufanele anikezwe amatshe amatshe namagobolondo achotshoziwe. Futhi lapho ufinyelela iminyaka engamaviki amathathu, unganikeza isihlabathi, kodwa kuphela lapho izigwaca zigcwele. Uma kungenjalo, bathatha isihlabathi ukuze badle futhi bangafakwa ubuthi yiso ngokudla inani elikhulu.

Ukuzalanisa nokugcina izigwaca ekhaya kuwumsebenzi othakazelisa kakhulu, olula futhi onenzuzo. Izimo eziyinhloko zokuqinisekisa ukukhiqizwa kwamaqanda okuhle ukugcina izinga lokushisa kanye nezimo ezikhanyayo kanye nokusetshenziswa kokudla okulinganayo.