I-Jade ezinjeni: ukwelashwa kanye nezimpawu

Mayelana ne-nephritis ezinjeni

Izinso yipheya lezitho ezitholakala emgodini wesisu. Imisebenzi yabo ibaluleke kakhulu futhi ihlukahlukene. Ziyisisefo somzimba, sisusa izinto ezingadingekile emchameni ezakhiwe ohlelweni lokuphila.

Baphinde bahileleke ekugcineni ibhalansi yamanzi ne-electrolyte, ukulawulwa kwengcindezi, i-hematopoiesis.

I-nephritis ukuvuvukala kwezicubu zezinso, ezingaqala ezingxenyeni ezihlukene zayo, kodwa kancane kancane zingaholela ekulimaleni kwesitho sonke. Futhi, ngokufanele, ekwephuleni umsebenzi wakhe.

Izimbangela ze-nephritis zihlukahlukene: ukudakwa, izifo ezibangelwa amagciwane kanye ne-bacterial, izifo ze-endocrine, izinqubo zesimila, kanye nezifo zezinye izitho nezinhlelo zabo.

Izinhlobo zezifo

Ngokwemvelo yokugeleza, kuyisiko ukuhlukanisa:

• I-nephritis eyingozi. Ikhula ngokushesha ngaphansi kwethonya lezici ezihlukahlukene: izifo, ubuthi. Futhi, izimbangela zingase zibe ezinye izimo ezimbi nezifo: i-sepsis, ukulahlekelwa igazi, i-pathology yenhliziyo, njll.

  Esinye isizathu esibalulekile sesifo sezinso esiyingozi ezinjeni i-leptospirosis, isifo esibangelwa amagciwane esingalimaza izinso nesibindi. Lesi sifo

  i-zooanthroponosisIsifo sesilwane kuya kumuntu.

• I-nephritis engapheli ingakhula enjeni ngenxa yesilonda esibi uma ingxenye ebalulekile yezicubu zezinso ilahlekelwe ukusebenza kwayo. Futhi, ukulimala kwezinso okungapheli kungenzeka ngokumelene nesizinda samanye ama-pathologies we-urinary tract: urolithiasis, i-cystitis, i-prostatitis, njll. I-nephritis engapheli ingaba umphumela wezifo zofuzo, isibonelo, i-Fanconi syndrome e-Basenji noma i-amyloidosis e-Sharpei.

Ngokuya ngokuthi iyiphi ingxenye yesitho inqubo ye-pathological iqala, izinhlobo ezilandelayo ze-nephritis zingahlukaniswa:

• phiwokuhle. Ukuvuvukala kwe-pelvis ye-renal kanye ne-parenchyma yezinso. Imbangela yalesi sifo ngokuvamile ukutheleleka ngebhaktheriya.

• i-glomerulonephritis. Ukulimala kwe-vascular glomeruli yezinso - uhlelo lwazo lokuhlunga. Ikhula ngezizathu ezahlukahlukene: izifo, ubuthi,

  yenza ngokuzenzakalelayoLapho amasosha omzimba ehlasela izicubu ezinempilo emzimbeni izifo.

• I-Interstitial (tubulointerstitial) nephritis. Inqubo yokuvuvukala kuleli cala ithinta uhlelo lwe-tubules yezinso kanye nezicubu ezizungezile.

Izimpawu ze-nephritis

Isici esingathandeki se-nephritis ezinjeni ukungabikho kwezimpawu ezigabeni zokuqala zesifo kanye nenkambo yayo encane.

I-nephritis ebukhali ivame ukuhambisana nezimpawu ezingaqondile: umkhuhlane, ukuhlanza, ukwenqaba ukudla. Ekulimaleni okukhulu kwezinso, kungase kube nokuncipha kokukhiqizwa komchamo kuze kube yilapho ungekho ngokuphelele.

Uma i-nephritis eyingozi ithuthukile ngokumelene nesizinda sesinye i-pathology (i-sepsis, ukopha, njll.), izimpawu ze-nephritis zingase zingabonakali futhi zibangelwa isifo esiyisisekelo.

Esikhathini esingapheli sesifo, izimpawu azibonakali kuze kube yilapho izinso zikwazi ukuhlanganyela ngokwanele ohlelweni lokuhlunga, ukugcina ibhalansi yamanzi ne-electrolyte, nokucindezela. Lapho iningi lezicubu zezinso lingasebenzi, izimpawu ezilandelayo zikhula: ukoma nokuchama, ukuncipha kwesifiso sokudla, isisindo, umsebenzi, ukuhlanza, ukuqunjelwa, i-anemia, ukwanda kwengcindezi.

Ukuxilongwa kwalesi sifo

Izindlela ezihlukahlukene zokuxilonga zisetshenziselwa ukuqinisekisa i-nephritis ezinjeni.

Ukuhlaziywa komchamo. Kudingeka ukuhlola ukusebenza kwezinso kanye nezimpawu zokuvuvukala. Nge-nephritis, ukuminyana komchamo kuncipha, amaseli avela ku-sediment, afaka izinso ngaphakathi.

Ukukhipha ukulahleka kwamaprotheni ngezinso, ngokwesibonelo, nge-glomerulonephritis, isilinganiso samaprotheni / i-creatinine emchameni siyalinganiswa.

Nge-pyelonephritis, isiko lomchamo we-microflora lingadingeka ukuze kukhethwe okunembe kakhudlwana kwama-antibiotic.

Ukuhlaziywa kwamakhemikhali egazi. Izinso ezinempilo ziyisusa ngokwanele udoti womzimba: i-urea ne-creatinine. Nge-nephritis, izinga labo egazini liyakhuphuka. Izinga le-glucose, i-phosphorus, i-electrolyte, ne-albumin nalo liyalinganiswa egazini.

Ukuhlolwa kwegazi okujwayelekile komtholampilo. Isiza ukukhomba izimpawu zokuvuvukala kanye ne-anemia, evame ukukhula ngokulimala kwezinso okungapheli.

Ukuhlolwa kwe-Ultrasound. Izobonisa ukuthi izinso zibukeka kanjani, kungakhathaliseki ukuthi zikhona izinguquko ezakhiweni zayo, zingafaki ama-neoplasms, amatshe kanye nokunye okufakiwe kwe-pathological esithweni.

I-Tonometry. Kuyimpoqo kulezo zilwane okusolwa kuzo

nomfutho wegazi ophezuluUkwanda kwengcindezi - inkinga evamile yohlobo olungapheli lwesifo.

Ngaphezu kwalezi zifundo ezingenhla, kungase kudingeke ezinye: ukuhlolwa kwe-leptospirosis (amazinga e-antibody egazini, i-PCR yomchamo), ukuhlolwa kofuzo uma kusolwa isifo sofuzo,

i-biopsyUkuthatha ucezu lwethishu ukuze kwenziwe ucwaningo izinso, njll.

Ukwelapha i-Jade Ezinjeni

Ukwelashwa kungase kuqondiswe ku-pathogen ethize, njengendaba ye-leptospirosis, noma ingase ihlanganise ukwelashwa kwesondlo okuklanyelwe ukuqeda nokuvimbela imiphumela ye-nephritis enja.

I-bacterial nephritis idinga ama-antibiotic. Ngokufanelekile, iqoqwa ngesiko lomchamo. I-antibiotic iyadingeka futhi ekwelapheni i-leptospirosis.

Ku-nephritis eyingozi, kubalulekile ukuqonda ukuthi yini eyabangela umonakalo ezinso.

Ngezinye izikhathi imbangela ye-nephritis eyingozi ayikwazi ukulungiswa, njengokulimala okunobuthi. Ezimweni ezinjalo, isilwane sidinga i-hemodialysis. Ngale nqubo, i-apparatus ekhethekile ihlunga igazi esikhundleni sezinso, ibanike ithuba lokululama. Izisetshenziswa ze-hemodialysis ziyinkimbinkimbi futhi ziyabiza futhi zitholakala kuphela emitholampilo embalwa ekhethiwe ezweni.

Esikhathini esingapheli salesi sifo, ukwelashwa kuyehliswa ekusekeleni umzimba.

Kusetshenziswa ama-infusions wezixazululo ngama-electrolyte, izithasiselo zokudla ezisusa i-phosphorus eyeqile. I-Hypertension idinga izidakamizwa ze-antihypertensive

I-proteinuriaUkulahlekelwa amaprotheni ngezinso emchameni - izidakamizwa ezinciphisa ukulahlekelwa kwamaprotheni.

Ukudla okukhethekile kanye namalungiselelo amavithamini kungase kunqunywe. Uma inja iba ne-anemia, kusetshenziswa izithasiselo ze-iron ne-Erythropoietin.

Umsebenzi wokwelapha esikhathini esingamahlalakhona sesifo uwukugcina impilo enhle yesilwane.

Ukuvimbela i-nephritis

• Ukugoma, kuhlanganise ne-leptospirosis.

• Ukwelashwa kwama-ectoparasites. Ezifundeni lapho imikhaza ye-ixodid ivame khona, iphathwa kusukela ekuncibilikeni kokuqala kuya eqhweni lokuqala ngaphandle kokuphazamiseka.

• Ukwelashwa ngesikhathi kwezifo zesistimu yomchamo, kanye ne-prostatitis kwabesilisa kanye ne-metroendometritis, i-vaginitis kwabesifazane.

• Inja ingathola ubuthi hhayi kuphela ubuthi basekhaya (insectoacaricides, repellents rodent, amakhemikhali asendlini, njll.), kodwa futhi lapho udla anyanisi, garlic, omisiwe (amagilebhisi).

Isifinyezo

1. I-nephritis ukuvuvukala kwezinso ezingase zithuthuke ezinjeni ngenxa yezizathu ezihlukahlukene: ubuthi, izifo, izifo zezinye izitho nezinhlelo zabo.

2. Ngokusho kokuthuthukiswa kwalesi sifo, izinqubo ezinzima nezingapheli zingahlukaniswa.

3. Izimpawu ze-nephritis ngokuvamile aziqondile. Ku-nephritis eyingozi, ukuhlanza, ukunganaki, ukuncipha kwesifiso sokudla, nokushisa kungase kubonakale.

4. Isifo esingapheli asinazo izimpawu inqobo nje uma izinso zikwazi ukuqeda ubuthi, zigcine ibhalansi yamanzi nokucindezela. Ngomonakalo omkhulu ezicutshini zezinso, ukwanda kokoma nokuchama, ukuncipha kwesifiso sokudla nesisindo somzimba, nokuhlanza kuyakhula.

5. Lapho kuhlolwa i-nephritis, umchamo, ukuhlolwa kwegazi, kanye ne-ultrasound kwenziwa. Ngezinye izikhathi izifundo eziqondile ziyadingeka: ukuhlaziywa kwe-leptospirosis, isiko lomchamo, ukuhlolwa kofuzo, njll.

6. Ukwelashwa kwe-nephritis kungase kugxile ekubhekaneni nembangela, njengamagciwane. I-nephritis ebukhali enja ingadinga i-hemodialysis. Ekwelashweni okungamahlalakhona, ukwelashwa kuyadingeka ukuze kugcinwe impilo enhle esilwaneni esinomsebenzi wezinso oncishisiwe.

Imithombo:

1. J. Elliot, G. Groer "Nephrology and Urology of dogs and cats", 2014

2. McIntyre DK, Drobats K., Haskings S., Saxon W. "Ukunakekelwa okuphuthumayo kanye nezilwane ezincane", 2018

3. Craig E. Greene Izifo ezithathelwanayo zenja nekati, 2012

Okthoba 12 2022

Kubuyekezwe: Okthoba 12, 2022