Indlela izimfudu ezizalwa ngayo: ukuchanyuselwa emaqandeni osana olusanda kuzalwa olunamadlebe abomvu kanye nezimfudu zasemhlabeni endle nasekhaya

Izimfudu ezisanda kuzalwa zingamakhophi amancane kakhulu ezilwane ezihuquzelayo ezindala. Ngokuvamile, abanikazi bathola izilwane ezifuywayo esezikhulile kakade. Abathandi bofudu beqiniso bazalela izilwane ezingavamile ngokwabo, bebuka ukuzalwa komhlaba noma ufudu lwamanzi ahlanzekile ekhaya. Ukuthola ngempumelelo inzalo ye-turtle, kuyadingeka ukudala izimo ezifanele zezingane ezizayo ngisho nasesiteji samaqanda. Ukuchanyuselwa kwezimfudu emaqandeni kuwumbukwane ojabulisa kakhulu futhi othokozisayo okuvumela ukuthi uthinte kafushane izimfihlo zemvelo.

Zizalwa kanjani izimfudu

Ukuzalwa kwezimfudu emvelweni kwenzeka esihlabathini esifudumele, lapho umama wezilwane ezihuquzelayo ebeka amaqanda akhe avundisiwe ngokucophelela. Ngokuya ngohlobo lwesilwane, inkathi kanye nezimo zemvelo, izimfudu ezisanda kuzalwa zichanyuselwa emaqandeni ezinyangeni ezi-1-3. Ekhaya, abathandi bezilwane ezihuquzelayo babeka amaqanda ofudu avundisiwe ku-incubator, futhi ngemva kwezinsuku ezingu-100-103, kuyilapho egcina izinga lokushisa elingu-28-30C, umuntu angabona ukuzalwa kwezimfudu ezibomvu noma zase-Asia Ephakathi.

Ukuzalwa kwezimfudu zezingane zezinhlobo ezahlukene kwenzeka ngezigaba eziningana:

• ukubhoboza igobolondo. Ngesikhathi sokuzalwa, i-turtle yomntwana inezinyo leqanda elikhethekile, ngosizo lapho isilwane esihuquzelayo sinquma ngenkuthalo igobolondo leqanda eliqinile ngaphakathi. Izinyo leqanda ezinganeni litholakala ngaphandle komhlathi ongenhla, liwela ngokuzenzakalelayo ezinsukwini zokuqala zokuphila kwesilwane esifuywayo esisanda kuzalwa.

• ukuvuthwa eqandeni. Ezinsukwini ezingu-1-3 ngemva kokuphulwa kobuqotho begobolondo, izimfudu ezisanda kuzalwa ezibomvu kanye ne-Central Asian ziyaqhubeka zifihla emaqandeni aphukile, zithola amandla. Uma phakathi kwezinsuku ezi-3 ngemuva kokuqhekeka igobolondo, i-turtle ayikwazanga ukuphuma eqandeni ngokwayo, kuyadingeka ukuyisiza. Kodwa ezikhathini eziningi, abantu ababuthaka abafanelwe ukufa abakwazi ukubhekana nokuchanyuselwa bebodwa.

• Ukuchanyuselwa. Ekugcineni, ama-turtles amancane agcina echanyuselwa, aqhubeka ehlala amahora amaningana emigodini eyakhiwe esihlabathini kusukela ekuhambeni ngesikhathi sokukhululwa kwezingane egobolondweni.

Ezinsukwini ezinhlanu zokuqala, kunconywa ukugcina izingane ku-incubator, nakuba endle, izimfudu zasolwandle ezisanda kuzalwa zigijimela emanzini phakathi namahora ambalwa zizelwe. Kodwa kusesigabeni seqanda nesilwane esisanda kuzalwa lapho amaphesenti amakhulu ezilwane ezihuquzelayo ezincane afa ezindaweni zemvelo, ngakho-ke ekhaya akufanele ugijimele izinto futhi ubeke engozini impilo yezilwane ezifuywayo ezincane.

Ividiyo: ukuzala kofudu

Zibukeka kanjani izimfudu ezisanda kuzalwa?

Ingane ye-red-eared turtle ekuzalweni inobukhulu bomzimba obungama-2,5-3 cm, ingane yofudu lwase-Asia Ephakathi izalwa cishe ngo-3-3,5 cm ubude. Uma bekunemibungu emi-2 eqandeni elilodwa, ubukhulu nesisindo samawele kuzoba kuncane ngokuphindwe kaningana kunozakwabo.

Kuma-turtles, ama-turtles amancane achanyuselwa emaqandeni anomumo womzimba oyindilinga, ofana ne-silhouette yeqanda. Ufudu oludala namawundlu alo ahluka komunye nomunye ngosayizi womzimba kuphela. Izingane ezisanda kuzalwa ngokushesha ngemva kokuzalwa sezikulungele ngokugcwele ukuphila ngokuzimela futhi azidingi ukunakekelwa komama.

Ukuzalwa kwezimfudu kuhambisana nokulahlekelwa okukhulu kwamandla, futhi izingane ezisanda kuzalwa zizoqala ukudla emasontweni ambalwa noma ngisho nezinyanga. Inzalo yama-turtles izalwa ne-yolk sac esiswini, ngenxa yokuthi izingane zingahlala isikhathi eside ngaphandle kokudla. Isaka le-yolk elilingana netsheri liphuzi, kanti ezinye izimfudu ezinamadlebe abomvu zigona isinye sazo esikhanyayo. Ukudabula ngenkani noma ukukhulula ufudu ku-yolk sac akuvunyelwe; lezi zindlela zokuphatha zingabhubhisa isilwane esihuquzelayo esisanda kuzalwa.

Ezinsukwini ezingu-2-5, i-bubble izokhula yodwa. Uma izimfudu zizalelwa ekhaya, ukuze ugweme ukulimala kwesikhwama se-yolk, ungasibopha ngaphansi kwegobolondo nge-gauze. Ngemuva kokuthi i-bubble ivuselelwe, i-gauze ingasuswa. Izimfudu zizalwa ngokugoqa okuphambene esiswini, okuhlotshaniswa nokuma kwe-embryo eqandeni. Ezinsukwini ezimbalwa zokuphila, i-groove ikhula ngempumelelo.

Indlela izimfudu ezinakekela ngayo inzalo yazo

Ukunakekela inzalo inqwaba yezilwane ezincelisayo ezizala amawundlu angu-1 kuye kwayi-10-12 angakulungele ukuphila ezimele futhi azinakekele izinyanga ezimbalwa, futhi ngezinye izikhathi iminyaka yokuqala yokuphila. Endle, isilwane esihuquzelayo sakha isidleke, sizalela amaqanda kuso, futhi sikhohlwe ngokuphepha ngamaphuphu aso akusasa. Ku-clutch eyodwa yofudu kukhona amaqanda asuka ku-50 kuye kwangama-200, kuye ngezinhlobo zezilwane, abantu abasha abangama-5-10 kuphela abazosinda kule mali.

Nakuba kukhona okuhlukile okujabulisayo. Izimfudu ezinsikazi ezinsundu zigada isidleke esinezingane ezizayo zize zizalwe. Izimfudu zezinsikazi zase-Bahamian ezihlotshisiwe zibuyela ekubambeni kwazo ngesikhathi izingane zizalwa futhi zimbe esihlabathini, zisize izingane ukuba ziphumele ekukhanyeni.

Izimfudu ezinamadlebe abomvu nezase-Asia Ephakathi, zilandela isibonelo seningi lezihlobo zazo, azikhathaleli nhlobo ngenzalo yazo. Izilwane ezihuquzelayo azinawo nhlobo umzwelo womama. Uma izingane zibekwe endaweni eyodwa noma endaweni eyodwa kanye nabazali bazo, abantu abadala bangabangela umonakalo omkhulu empilweni noma babulale amawundlu abo. Ukunakekela izimfudu ezisanda kuzalwa ezizalwa ekhaya, kusukela ezinsukwini zokuqala zokuphila kwazo okungahlakaniphile, ziwela emahlombe abanikazi bazo.

Ukunakekelwa kwengane

Izimfudu ezincane, naphezu kobukhulu bazo obuncane, sezivele zivuthiwe futhi zizimele. Izilwane ezihuquzelayo ezisencane zizodinga indawo yazo. Ngemuva kwezinsuku ezingu-5-7, izimfudu zomhlaba zikhishwa ku-incubator futhi zihanjiswe endaweni encane ye-terrarium, phansi lapho kufanele kubekwe khona inhlabathi ekhethekile: sawdust, peat noma gravel. Izinga lokushisa lomoya ligcinwa ku-30-32C ngesibani se-fluorescent. Imfuneko ukufakwa komthombo wemisebe ye-ultraviolet yezilwane ezihuquzelayo ezinamandla angu-10% UVB kanye nesiphuzo esikhethekile.

Ngaphambi kokudlulisela izingane ekhaya, kufanele zigezwe ngamanzi abilisiwe ngezinga lokushisa lika + 36C imizuzu engu-30-40. Umthamo wamanzi kufanele ufinyelele ku-2/3 wokuphakama komzimba wezimfudu. Ungesabi uma iziwula zizofaka amakhanda azo ngaphansi kwamanzi futhi zishaye amagwebu, izihlobo zasendle ziziphatha ngendlela efanayo. Izinqubo zamanzi zigcwalisa umzimba wamawundlu ngomswakama odingekayo futhi zikhuthaze ukuhamba kwamathumbu ezilwane ezifuywayo ezisanda kuzalwa. Ukugeza izingane ekuqaleni kuyadingeka izikhathi ezingu-2-3 ngesonto.

Ukunakekela izimfudu ezisanda kuzalwa ze-red-eared turtle kuyadingeka ngokuhambisana nemigomo yokugcina abantu abadala. Izingane azikakwazi ukubhukuda ngemva kokuzalwa, ngakho abanikazi kufanele babheke ukuziphatha kwamawundlu emahoreni okuqala okuphila kwawo ku-aquarium. Ezilwaneni ezihuquzelayo zasemanzini ahlanzekile, kuyadingeka futhi ukuhlomisa ikhaya labo. Kuma-turtles angu-10-20, i-aquarium eyodwa enamandla amalitha angu-100 yanele, umthamo wamanzi kufanele ukhuliswe kancane kancane njengoba izingane zijwayela ukuhlala endaweni ehlala emanzini.

Izinga lokushisa lamanzi lezilwane ezihuquzelayo ezisemanzini ahlanzekile kufanele okungenani libe ngu-28-30C. I-aquarium kumele ifakwe ogwini naseziqhingini ukuze izingane zihlale nethuba lokuphumula nokufudumala. Imfuneko yokuthuthukiswa okufanele kwamaphuphu ukufakwa kokukhanya kwasemini kanye nesibani se-ultraviolet ezilwaneni ezihuquzelayo ezinamandla angu-5% UVB.

Umzimba wezimfudu ezisanda kuzalwa uzwela kakhulu ku-microflora ethathelwanayo ezala emanzini afudumele. I-aquarium yama-turtle anezindlebe ezibomvu kusukela ezinsukwini zokuqala zokuphila kufanele ifakwe uhlelo lokuhlunga. Uma kungenakwenzeka ukufaka isihlungi, kunconywa ukuthi uguqule ngokuphelele amanzi kubantwana ezinsukwini ezingu-1,5-2. Amanzi ahlanzekile ahleliwe kufanele athululwe ku-aquarium ngezinga lokushisa elifanayo ncamashi lapho izimfudu ezinamadlebe abomvu ezisanda kuzalwa zivame ukuhlala khona.

ukondla izimfudu

Ngaphansi kwezimo zemvelo, izimfudu aziwondli amaphuphu azo ngobisi, izingane azibazi omama bazo futhi zithole ukudla kwazo. Ngenxa yobukhona besikhwama se-yolk, zombili izinhlobo zezilwane ezihuquzelayo zasemhlabeni nezasemanzini zingakwazi ukuqala ngokuphepha ngaphandle kokudla. Endle, i-yolk eyisipele ivumela izimfudu zezingane ukuba zihambe ngaphandle kokudla kuze kube yizinyanga ezingu-9!

Ukondla umntwana we-red-eared turtle ekhaya kuqala ekupheleni kwesonto lokuqala lokuphila kwesilwane esifuywayo esingavamile, lapho ufudu olusanda kuzalwa lujwayele ngokuphelele ikhaya elisha futhi lijwayele indawo yokuhlala yasemanzini. Ngokwemvelo, izilwane ezihuquzelayo zasemanzini ahlanzekile ziyizilwane ezidla ezinye, nakuba ngokuvamile izimfudu ezinamandlebe abomvu ziyi-omnivores. Izingane ezikhulayo zinikezwa kuqala ukudla kwezilwane: i-daphnia, i-gammarus, i-bloodworm, i-coretra. Njengoba zikhula, kwengezwa amakhambi amasha, izingcezu zezinhlanzi zasolwandle nezimfanzi ekudleni.

Ochwepheshe batusa ukunikeza izilwane ezincane izithako ezikhethekile zamavithamini ezihuquzelayo, eziqinisekisa ukuthuthukiswa okufanele nokukhula kwezilwane ezihuquzelayo ezincane. Izingane zidinga ukondliwa kaningi kunabantu abadala; ukudla kwansuku zonke kusetshenziswa emasontweni okuqala okuphila. Ngemuva kwezinyanga ezi-2, izingane zidluliselwa ekudleni nsuku zonke, ezinyangeni eziyisithupha, izilwane akufanele zidle isikhathi esi-1 ezinsukwini ezintathu. Awukwazi ukudlisa amawundlu ukuze ugweme ukukhula kokuphazamiseka kwe-metabolic.

Ividiyo: ukunakekelwa nokondliwa kwezimfudu ezisanda kuzalwa ezinamadlebe abomvu

Ekupheleni kwesonto lokuqala lokuphila, abantwana bezimfudu banikezwa ulethisi, iparsley, namaqabunga edandelion. Izilwane ezifuywayo ezikhulile zinganikezwa i-apula kanye nezaqathi. Imfuneko yokwakheka okufanele kohlaka lwamathambo kanye negobolondo ukuba khona kwemithombo ye-calcium ekudleni kwezingane. Ungangeza amagobolondo amaqanda agayiwe, ushoki we-reptile, ubeke ithambo le-cuttlefish ku-terrarium.

Izingane ezisanda kuzalwa, ezilingana nethoyizi, sezivele zihlola umhlaba ngokucophelela ngamehlo azo anobuhlalu obuncane futhi zisebenza ngenkuthalo izitho zazo, zizama ukuqonda indawo entsha.

Izimfudu ezincane eziluhlaza okotshani ezinamadlebe abomvu ezibhukuda ngokuhlekisayo ku-aquarium njalo zijabulisa wonke amalungu omndeni.