Mingaki iminyaka ehlala izimfudu emvelweni nasekhaya

Izimfudu zidume ngokuphila isikhathi eside, ngakho-ke kubalulekile kubanikazi bakusasa ukuthi baqonde ukuthi isilwane sabo singahlala isikhathi esingakanani ekhaya.

Sizobona ukuthi zingaki izimfudu zezinhlobo ezahlukahlukene ezihlala nokuthi singanweba kanjani impilo yesilwane esihuquzelayo esihlala ekuthunjweni.

Ubude besikhathi sokuphila nempilo ende

Isilinganiso sokuphila kwesilwane esihuquzelayo sincike ngobukhulu baso. Izimfudu ezincane (cishe 10-14 cm) ziphila ngaphansi kwabamele abanemingcele emikhulu.

KUBALULEKILE! Abantu abaningi bacabanga ukuthi izimfudu ziphila isikhathi eside endle kunalapho zivalelwe. Lo mbono uyiphutha, ngoba impilo yofudu lwasekhaya ingandiswa ngokulungiswa nokunakekelwa okufanele.

Ngokwesilinganiso, izimfudu ziphila iminyaka engaba ngu-50, kodwa amaphutha ohlangothini lwabanikazi anganciphisa isikhathi sokuphila kwesilwane esifuywayo sibe iminyaka engu-15. Irekhodi eliphezulu lingatholakala kuphela ezinhlotsheni ezinkulu.

Iminyaka yabantu abanjalo ingafinyelela eminyakeni eyi-150 ngisho nangama-200.

Ukuze uqonde ukuthi kungani izimfudu ziphila isikhathi eside kangaka, kubalulekile ukucabangela izici ezi-3 eziyinhloko:

1. Usayizi. Uma usayizi womzimba wesilwane umkhulu, izinga lokugayeka kokudla emzimbeni liyancipha. Izimfudu ezinkulu (ezingaphezu kwe-1 m) ziphila isikhathi eside, njengoba zisebenzisa amandla amancane. Ukuguga kwabo kuncane.
2. I-Poikilothermia (igazi elibandayo). I-Metabolism nayo ihilelekile lapha. Ufudu lungaphila ngaphezu kwabaningi abanegazi elifudumele ngenxa yokuthi akudingekile ukuba lusebenzise imithombo yalo nsuku zonke ukuze lulondoloze izinga lokushisa elithile.
3. I-Hibernation. Ukwehla okukhulu kwezinqubo zangaphakathi zezinyanga ezi-3-6 unyaka ngamunye kukuvumela ukuthi ulondoloze izinsiza ezengeziwe zempilo ende.

Isilinganiso sokuphila kwezinhlobo ezahlukene

Zonke izinhlobo zezimfudu ezikhona emvelweni zingahlukaniswa ngamaqembu ama-2 amakhulu:

• • zasolwandle, ezihlala emanzini anosawoti olwandle nezilwandle;
  • umhlabathi, ihlukaniswe yaba:

• • • - umhlaba, uhlala ngaphansi kwezimo zomhlaba kuphela;
    • - amanzi ahlanzekile, ahlanganisa impilo echibini nasogwini.

Ake sithole ukuthi mingaki iminyaka ehlala izinhlobo ezidume kakhulu zomfudu.

Ulwandle

Izimfudu zasolwandle ziphila iminyaka engaba ngu-80. Bahlukaniswa ngemilenze efana ne-flipper, igobolondo elide kakhulu kanye nokuntuleka kwekhono lokuhlehlisa izitho nekhanda labo.

KUBALULEKILE! Iningi logu olusetshenziselwa ukubeka amaqanda amakhulu eminyaka lusetshenziswe njengamabhishi. Ngenxa yokunganaki kwabantu (ukungcoliswa kolwandle nolwandle), izilwane ezihuquzelayo zase zisengozini yokushabalala.

Ekhaya, izilwane ezihuquzelayo zasolwandle azigcinwa, ngakho-ke ungazibona kuphela endle, kuma-zoo noma emanzini.

ezweni

Izimfudu zomhlaba zihlala ogwadule, amathafa kanye namahlathi emvula ashisayo. Amanye amalungu alo mndeni aphila isikhathi eside kunazo zonke ezinye izinhlobo zezilwane futhi athathwa njengabantu abaneminyaka eyikhulu. Ngokuya nge-subspecies, isilinganiso seminyaka yofudu singafinyelela eminyakeni engama-50-100.

Ekhaya, izimfudu zomhlaba ziphila iminyaka engaba ngu-30-40, zidlula ubude besikhathi sokuphila kwezinyoni zasemanzini. Lokhu kungenxa yokuzithoba komndeni kanye nezimo ezilula zokuvalelwa.

E-Asia Ephakathi

Izinhlobo zofudu oluvame kakhulu, olunegobolondo eliphuzi ngokunsundu, lungaphila iminyaka engama-50. Ekuthunjweni, isilinganiso sokuphila sincishiswa sibe iminyaka engama-30.

Desert

Ama-desert gophers asentshonalanga ahlala ogwadule lwaseNyakatho Melika nakwezinye izifundazwe eziseningizimu-ntshonalanga (Nevada, Utah). Ngokwesilinganiso, izimfudu zasogwadule ziphila iminyaka engama-50-80.

Giant

Kuleli qembu, elihlukaniswa ngamapharamitha ahlaba umxhwele, lapho kutholakala khona izimfudu eziphila isikhathi eside:

• Okumnandi. Ubude besikhathi sokuphila saqoshwa kufudu i-Tui Malila. Ufudu kwakungelomholi wesiqhingi saseTonga futhi lwanikelwa nguJames Cook ngokwakhe. Amadokhumenti abonisa iminyaka yakhe eqondile awakaze asinde, kodwa kucatshangwa ukuthi ngesikhathi eshona wayeneminyaka okungenani engu-192.

KUBALULEKILE! Iminyaka yobudala ephezulu eqoshwe ezimfudumeni idlula eyezinye izilwane ezinomgogodla.

Amanzi ahlanzekile aseMelika

Umndeni we-turtle uhlala endaweni ye-2 amazwekazi aseMelika, e-Asia naseYurophu. Izinhlanzi zasemanzini ahlanzekile zincane noma ziphakathi ngosayizi, zinegobolondo eliyisiyingi eliqondile, izinzipho ezibukhali kanye nombala ogqamile.

Ixhaphozi eliluhlaza

Ekuqaleni, inani labantu base-Europe marsh turtles lalitholakala e-Central Europe kuphela, kodwa kamuva laqala ukuvela ezindaweni eziningi ezisempumalanga. Ubude besikhathi sokuphila kwesilwane esihuquzelayo endle siyahlukahluka ezindaweni esihlala kuzo:

• IYurophu - iminyaka engu-50-55;
• I-Russia kanye namazwe angaphambili e-CIS - iminyaka engama-45.

Ngokulungiswa kwekhaya, isikhathi sokuphila sincishiswa sibe yiminyaka engama-25-30.

Udwetshwe

Izimfudu ezinemibala ethokozisayo zithandwa kakhulu e-United States. Uma ngokwemvelo ubude bawo buyiminyaka engaba ngu-55, khona-ke ekuthunjweni kwehliselwa eminyakeni engu-15-25.

KUBALULEKILE! Umthetho wesifunda sase-Oregon uyakwenqabela ukupenda izimfudu njengezilwane ezifuywayo.

enamadlebe abomvu

Ezinye izimfudu ezidumile eMelika. Ngokunakekelwa okufanele kwesilwane esinamadlebe abomvu, unganweba impilo yaso ibe iminyaka engama-40.

KUBALULEKILE! Emvelweni, akukho ngaphezu kwe-1% esindayo kuze kube sekugugeni, futhi iningi liyafa ngenkathi liseqandeni noma lizama ukuya endaweni yokugcina amanzi ngemva kokuchanyuselwa.

Amanzi ahlanzekile ase-Asia

Amanzi ahlanzekile ase-Asia ahlala eMpumalanga Ephakathi, eningizimu ye-Afrika nasemazweni ase-Asia (China, Vietnam, Japan).

Ensimini yamazwe angaphambili ezenhlalakahle, uhlobo olulodwa kuphela olungatholakala - ufudu lweCaspian, oluhlala emachibini emvelo nasemachibini kanye nokufakelwa, amachibi anamanzi omfula.

Isimo esiyinhloko salolu hlobo wukuba khona kwamanzi agelezayo.

Izimfudu zasemanzini zivame ukugcinwa ekhaya, lapho zihlala khona iminyaka engaba ngu-40.

Izimfudu zamanzi amancane

Ama-turtles amancane okuhlobisa kulula ukuwagcina, ngakho-ke abameleli abancane bamanzi ahlanzekile ase-Asia, abafinyelela ngaphezu kuka-12-13 cm, bahlala kaningi ekhaya. Lokhu kubandakanya:

Izimfudu ezinjalo zokuhlobisa ziphila kusukela eminyakeni engama-20 kuye kwengama-40, futhi isikhathi sokuphila esiphezulu sibonwa kubantu abahlala nabantu.

Umjikelezo wempilo kanye nobudlelwano phakathi kofudu neminyaka yomuntu

Umjikelezo wempilo yofudu ungahlukaniswa izigaba eziningana:

1. embryo. Ngemva kokukhwelana okuphumelelayo, ezinsikazi zenza amaqanda angama-6-10. Kuze kube sekuchanyuselwa, okwenzeka ezinyangeni ezi-2-5, azikho ngaphezu kuka-60% wezimfudu ezisindayo. Kwesinye isikhathi izidleke zonakele ngo-95%.
2. Detstvo. Izimfudu ezisachanyuselwa zizimele, kodwa zisengozini. Kuphela ama-45-90% ezilwane ezisencane ezifika endaweni yokukhosela eseduze.
3. Ukuvuthwa. Eminyakeni engu-5-7 ubudala, izilwane ezihuquzelayo ziba nokukhwelana kwazo kokuqala, ziphinda umjikelezo kusukela ekuqaleni.
4. Iminyaka yokuvuthwa. Ngemva kweminyaka engu-10, izimfudu ziba abantu abadala. Umsebenzi wabo uyancipha, isidingo sokudla siyancipha.
5. Ukuguga. Ngokuya ngohlobo nezimo zokuboshwa, ukuguga kwenzeka eminyakeni engama-20-30. Kwabanye abantu, le minyaka ingaba yiminyaka engama-40-50.

Ukuhlobanisa ufudu neminyaka yomuntu akulula, njengoba kunezici eziningi kakhulu ezibekwe phezu kwenkathi yokuphila yesilwane esihuquzelayo.

Ubuhlobo obuseduze bungabalwa ngokusekelwe kwisilinganiso seminyaka yokuphila kanye neminyaka yokuvuthwa komzimba.

Isilinganiso seminyaka yokuphila kwezinhlobo ezahlukene singatholakala kuthebula lesibonelo.

Izinto ezithinta ukuphila isikhathi eside

Uma emvelweni ingozi enkulu ithwalwa yizilwane ezidla ezinye nezimo zezulu, khona-ke ngokulungiswa kwekhaya, isikhathi sokuphila sincike ku:

1. Ukuhambisana nezimo eziyisisekelo zokuvalelwa. I-aquarium enyinyekile, amazinga okushisa aphansi kakhulu noma aphezulu kakhulu kuba nomthelela omubi ekukhuleni kwayo yonke kanye nempilo ende yofudu.
2. Ibhalansi yokudla. Ukudla okuyisidina kugcwele i-beriberi nokuntuleka kwezakhi. Ungakuxubi ukudla okuhloselwe izilwane ezihuquzelayo nezidla inyama.
3. Ingozi yokulimala. Ukuwa kusuka ekuphakameni okukhulu noma ukulwa nomlingani kungaphenduka inhlekelele yesilwane esifuywayo.
4. Isikhathi sokutholwa kwezifo. Ukuntuleka kokuhlolwa kokuvimbela kanye nokuhlukaniswa kwabantu abasha kungaholela ekuthelelekeni kwabantu abaningi.

iseluleko sokuphila isikhathi eside

Ubuningi beminyaka yokuphila kungafinyelelwa ngokulandela le mihlahlandlela:

1. Qaphela izinga lokushisa. Thenga izibani ezikhethekile ezikuvumela ukuthi ufinyelele amazinga okushisa oyifunayo.
2. Gwema i-monotony ekudleni. Ukudla akufanele kube nokulinganisela kuphela, kodwa futhi kufaneleke uhlobo oluthile.
3. Qiniseka ukuthi isilwane sakho sinendawo eyanele. Umuntu omdala kufanele ahlale e-aquarium enevolumu okungenani amalitha ayi-100.
4. Ungakhohlwa ukuhlanza njalo. Okuphawuleka kakhulu izinhlobo zasemanzini ezidla futhi zizikhiphe emanzini.
5. Vakashela udokotela wezilwane izikhathi ezi-1-2 ngonyaka. Ukuxilongwa kusenesikhathi kuzosiza ekugwemeni izinkinga.
6. Sebenzisa amavithamini. Izithako zamaminerali kanye nesibani se-UV kuzosiza ukugwema ukushoda kwe-calcium.
7. Zama ukuvimbela ukulimala okungenzeka. Ungafaki abesilisa ku-aquarium engu-1 futhi qiniseka ukuthi usiqaphile isilwane esifuywayo esihamba ngaphandle kwezindonga zendlu yakho.

Isiphetho

Ukuthola i-turtle kuyisinyathelo esibalulekile esibeka umthwalo wemfanelo omkhulu hhayi kumnikazi kuphela, kodwa namalungu omndeni wakhe. Ezinye izilwane ezihuquzelayo ziphila ngaphezu kwabanikazi bazo futhi zizidlulisele ezinganeni zazo.

Ngaphambi kokuthenga isilwane esisha, khuluma nezihlobo ukuze wenze isinqumo ngokuhlanganyela. Khumbula ukuthi abamele umhlaba abakwazi ukuphila ngaphezu kwakho kuphela, kodwa nezingane zakho.