I-Fire salamander (Salamandra salamandra)

Ummeleli omkhulu kakhulu womndeni wakwaSalamandriae, muhle kakhulu kubo bobabili abaqalayo kanye nonozinti othuthukile.

I-Areal

Intulo yomlilo itholakala eNyakatho Afrika, e-Asia Minor, eNingizimu neYurophu Ephakathi, empumalanga ifinyelela emagqumeni aseCarpathians. Ezintabeni iphakama ibe ngamamitha angu-2000 ukuphakama. Ihlala emithambekeni enezinkuni eduze nosebe lwemifudlana nemifula, ikhetha amahlathi amadala e-beech agcwele i-windbreak.

Incazelo

Intulo yomlilo iyisilwane esikhulu, esingafinyeleli ubude obungamasentimitha angama-20-28, kanti ubude obungaphansi kwesigamu buwela emsila oyindilinga. Ipendwe ngombala omnyama ocwebezelayo onamachashaza aphuzi amise ngendlela engavamile asakazeke umzimba wonke. Izidladla zifushane kodwa ziqinile, zinezinzwane ezine ngaphambili neziyisihlanu emilenzeni yangemuva. Umzimba ubanzi futhi mkhulu. Ayinawo ulwelwesi lokubhukuda. Emaceleni omlomo oyindilinga ngokusobala kunamehlo amakhulu amnyama. Ngenhla kwamehlo kukhona “amashiya” aphuzi. Ngemuva kwamehlo kunezindlala ezinde ezijikekile - ama-parotid. Amazinyo abukhali futhi ayindilinga. Ama-salamanders omlilo asebusuku. Indlela yokukhiqiza le intulo ayivamile: ayiwabeki amaqanda, kodwa izinyanga ezingu-10 zonke ithwala emzimbeni wayo, kuze kufike isikhathi sokuthi izibungu ziqhamuke emaqandeni. Ngaphambi nje kwalokhu, intulo, ehlala ogwini, ifika emfashini futhi ikhululwe emaqandeni, lapho izibungu ezi-2 kuya kwezingu-70 zizalwa ngokushesha.

Izibungu zomlilo intulo

Izibungu zivame ukuvela ngoFebhuwari. Anamapheya ama-3 emifantu yegill kanye nomsila oyisicaba. Ekupheleni kwehlobo, ama-gill wezingane ayanyamalala futhi aqale ukuphefumula ngamaphaphu, futhi umsila uba yindilinga. Manje akhiwe ngokugcwele, ama-salamanders amancane ashiya echibini, kodwa azoba abantu abadala eminyakeni engu-3-4 ubudala.

Okuqukethwe ekuthunjweni

Ukuze ugcine ama-salamanders omlilo, uzodinga i-aquaterrarium. Uma kunzima ukuyithola, khona-ke i-aquarium ingase ifaneleke, inqobo nje uma inkulu ngokwanele 90 x 40 x 30 amasentimitha ama-salamanders angu-2-3 (abesilisa abangu-2 abazwani ndawonye). Ubukhulu obunjalo buyadingeka ukuze ukwazi ukufaka indawo yokugcina amanzi engu-20 x 14 x 5 amasentimitha. Ukwehla kufanele kube mnene noma intulo yakho, lapho ingenile kuyo, ngeke ikwazi ukuphuma lapho. Amanzi kufanele ashintshwe nsuku zonke. Okokulala, inhlabathi enamaqabunga enenani elincane le-peat, ama-coconut flakes afanelekile. AmaSalamander athanda ukumba, ngakho-ke ungqimba lwe-substrate kufanele lube ngamasentimitha ayi-6-12. Hlanza njalo emavikini amabili kuya kwamathathu. Abagezi kuphela i-aquarium, kodwa futhi nazo zonke izinto ezikuyo. KUBALULEKILE! Zama ukungasebenzisi izihlanzi ezahlukene. Ngaphezu kwe-reservoir kanye nesendlalelo sokulala esingu-6-12 cm, kufanele kube nezindawo zokukhosela. Okuwusizo: Amashedi, izimbiza zezimbali eziphendukile, ukhuni lwe-driftwood, ubulembu, amatshe ayisicaba, njll. Izinga lokushisa emini kufanele libe ngu-16-20°C, ebusuku libe ngu-15-16°C. I-salamander yomlilo ayibekezeleli amazinga okushisa angaphezu kuka-22-25 ° C. Ngakho-ke, i-aquarium ingabekwa eduze nephansi. Umswakama kufanele ube phezulu - 70-95%. Ukuze wenze lokhu, nsuku zonke izitshalo (ezingeyona ingozi esilwaneni sakho) kanye ne-substrate zifafazwa ngebhodlela le-spray.

Ukudla

Ama-salamanders amadala adinga ukuphakelwa zonke izinsuku, ama-salamanders amancane izikhathi ezi-2 ngosuku. Khumbula: ukumunca ngokweqile kuyingozi kakhulu kunokuncelisa kancane! Ekudleni ungasebenzisa: izikelemu zegazi, izikelemu kanye nezikelemu zokudla, amapheshana enyama yenkomo enamafutha, isibindi esiluhlaza noma izinhliziyo (ungakhohlwa ukususa wonke amafutha kanye nolwelwesi), ama-guppies (izikhathi ezingu-2-3 ngesonto).

Izindlela zokuphepha

Naphezu kokuthi ama-salamanders ayizilwane ezinokuthula, qaphela: ukuthintana nolwelwesi lwamafinyila (isibonelo: emehlweni) kubangela ukuvutha nokuvalelwa. Geza izandla zakho ngaphambi nangemva kokuphatha intulo. Phatha intulo kancane ngangokunokwenzeka, njengoba ingashiswa!