izifo zamehlo kumagundane

Izimpawu zezifo zamehlo

Izifo zamehlo zingenzeka ngezimpawu ezifanayo, ngakho-ke kungaba nzima kumnikazi ukuthi azihlolele yena. Kodwa ungasiza udokotela ngokunaka isilwane sakho, ngokuqaphela ushintsho oluncane lwesimo. Izimpawu eziyinhloko zezifo zamehlo zihlanganisa:

• Ukuvuvukala kwamajwabu amehlo futhi nxazonke zamehlo.
• I-blepharospasm (i-squinting yeso elilodwa noma womabili)
• Ukukhishwa kwe-purulent.
• Ukwabiwa kwemvelo ehlukile.
• Ukwanda kwe-lacrimation.
• Ububomvu bamajwabu amehlo.
• I-Photophobia.
• Izama ukunwaya ubuso namehlo.
• Ukukhathazeka kanye novalo jikelele.
• Kwezinye izimo, ukuncipha kwesifiso sokudla.
• Imikhuba emibi.

Izimbangela zezifo zamehlo

Kunezizathu eziningi zezifo zamehlo kumagundane. Kodwa akunakwenzeka ngaso sonke isikhathi ukuthola ukuthi kungani lokhu noma leyo nkinga yavela. 

• ukuhlukumezeka kwamehlo;
• izifo ze-bacterial, viral and fungal;
• izinkinga zokuzalwa kanye nokukhubazeka;
• ukuntuleka kwamavithamini A no-C;
• ubudala;
• ukudakwa;
• izifo ezizimele;
• izifo ze-oncological;
• ama-pathologies wesistimu angathathelwana;
• ukuchayeka emisebeni;
• ukuphazamiseka komzimba.

Diagnostics

Izifundo ezidingekayo ukuze kwenziwe ukuxilonga okulungile nokuchaza ukwelashwa azihlukile kulezo ezikwezinye izinhlobo zezilwane. Ekuqaleni, ukuhlolwa okujwayelekile kuyenziwa, ngezinye izikhathi ngisho nalesi sigaba kungenzeka ukwenza ukuxilongwa, isibonelo, ukuhlukunyezwa kwamajwabu amehlo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukubonwa okunemininingwane okwengeziwe kwezakhiwo zamehlo kuyodingeka kusetshenziswa i-ophthalmoscope, isibani esinqunyiwe, kanye nokusetshenziswa kokuhlolwa kwe-ophthalmic okuhlukahlukene. Yiqiniso, umnikazi kufanele acacise lonke ulwazi esilwaneni esifuywayo ngokunembe ngangokunokwenzeka.

Izifo ezinkulu kanye nokwelashwa kwazo

Izifo zihlukaniswe ngamaqembu amabili amakhulu, azalwa nawo futhi atholakala. Ake sicabangele ezivame kakhulu.

I-Conjunctivitis

Ukuvuvukala kwe-conjunctiva kuvame ukuthathelwana uma inkinga ithinte amehlo womabili, kwezinye izimo, ukuhlukumezeka kungase kube imbangela. Ukwelashwa kuhlanganisa amaconsi ama-antibiotic. Futhi, kwezinye izimo, kunconywa ukugqoka ikhola yokuzivikela esilwaneni. Udokotela wezilwane uyasiza ekukhiqizeni kwayo, noma ungayenza ngokwakho ekhaya ngezindlela ezithuthukisiwe. Ezingulubeni ze-Guinea, isibonelo, i-conjunctivitis ingabangelwa ukuntuleka kwevithamini C emzimbeni.

I-Cataract

I-cataract yisifo esihambisana nokufiphala kwe-lens yeso, lapho ukukhanya kwayo kulahleka futhi ukubona kuba lufifi. Nakuba izindlela ezigcwele zokuthuthukiswa kwe-cataract zingacacile ngokuphelele, indima ebalulekile kuzo inikezwe amaprotheni amalensi, aziwa ngokuhlanganyela njengama-crystallins. Imvamisa, amakristalu asiza i-lens ukuthi igcine ukwakheka kwayo nokungafihli lutho, kodwa ngeminyaka noma ngaphansi kwethonya lezinye izici, iqala ukulahlekelwa leli khono. I-cataract ingase ihambisane nesifo sikashukela.

I-Corneal dystrophy

Kubukeka sengathi i-cataract, amachashaza amhlophe noma amachashazi avela ku-cornea. Ingase ithuthuke ngenxa ye-keratitis. Imbangela imvamisa kuba yi-coronavirus, esabalala ngokushesha kubantu bamagundane.

Ukungezwani komzimba

Kuhambisana nokukhipha i-lacrimation, ukulunywa, ukuqubuka kwesikhumba, ukunwaya, ukuvuvukala kwezidladla nakho kubonakala. Iqedwa ngokususa i-allergen ekufinyeleleni, ngokuvamile iwukudla kwamaprotheni okuzenzela noma isigcwalisi seseli esingafanele.

I-glaucoma

Akuyona i-pathology ngaso sonke isikhathi. Isibonelo, kumagundane emini, ukucindezela kwe-intraocular kuyehla emini futhi kwanda ebusuku. Kulokhu, ukwelashwa akudingeki. Kwezinye izimo, imbangela iyacaciswa futhi, ngokusekelwe kuyo, amaqhinga okwelapha akhethiwe.

Ukuguqulwa nokushintsha kwamajwabu amehlo

Inkinga wufuzo. Kuyingozi ukuthi ngesikhathi se-inversion kanye ne-eversion, i-eyeball nezinye izakhiwo zingase zihlupheke ngokumisa noma ukuhlukumezeka komshini. Ukwelashwa ngokuhlinzwa.

Ukulimala kwamehlo

Izilwane ezihlala ndawonye zingalwa, ngezinye izikhathi okubangela ukuklwebheka amajwabu amehlo nokunye ukulimala. Futhi, isilwane esifuywayo singalimala emigoqweni yekheji, emagatsheni, kutshani. Uma kwenzeka ukulimala, ukwelashwa kokuhlinzwa kungase kudingeke - ukuthunga izakhiwo ezonakalisiwe, kunqunywe i-antibiotic kanye ne-painkiller.

Izikhova

Kungase kubangelwe ukuhlukumezeka. Ukwelashwa kuhlanganisa ukuchithwa kokuhlinzwa kanye nama-antibiotic.

I-Dermoid

Ukubonakala kwendawo ye-ectopic yesikhumba ku-cornea, ikakhulukazi endaweni yokuguqulwa kwe-cornea kuya ku-sclera. uvolo ungase ube khona. Ukwelashwa kuyahlinzwa, ukubikezelwa kuyathandeka.

I-prolapse ye-conjunctival sac ("iso elinamafutha")

Ngokuvamile, akudingi ukwelashwa, kodwa, kwezinye izimo, kungase kudingeke ukuba ipulasitiki nge-laser (uma kwenzeka i-prolapse inkulu futhi i-conjunctival fold ivala i-cornea, ivimbela umbono). Izingulube ezinalesi sifo (kanye nabazali, ngoba lesi sifo siwufuzo) kufanele zikhishwe ekuzaleni. 

I-Microphthalmus

Ukuncipha kobukhulu benhlamvu yeso, umbono onale nkinga ngokuvamile awukho. Isizathu yi-pathology yentuthuko. Uma ukutheleleka kwesibili kunamathiselwe, udokotela wezilwane angase anqume ukususa iso.

i-anophthalmos

Ukungabikho ngokuphelele kweso nakho kuwukonakala okukhulu. Ngokuvamile kuhlanganiswe nokwakheka okukhubazekile kwezifunda zobuchopho.

Prevention

Ukuvimbela izifo zamehlo ikakhulukazi ekuvimbeleni izimbangela. Zama ukugcina ikheji lesilwane sakho esifuywayo lihlanzekile, umnikeze ukudla okunekhwalithi nokulala. Vakashela udokotela wakho wezilwane njalo ukuze uhlole ukuzivikela.