Izifo Zamehlo Ezinjeni

Ngesikhathi esifanayo, akulimazi abanikazi ukwazi izimpawu nezimbangela zezifo zamehlo ezinjeni. Ngaphezu kwalokho, akuwona wonke ama-pathologies anjalo azibonakalisa ngendlela esobala.

Ukunakwa ngokukhethekile kufanele kukhokhwe emehlweni ezilwane ezifuywayo ngabanikazi bezinhlobo zezinja ezifana nalezi:

• izinhlobo ezincane: ama-chihuahua, ama-toy terriers, ama-greyhounds, kanye nama-labradors, ama-spaniel nama-collies, okuvame ukutholakala ukuthi ane-cataract kanye ne-retinal detachment;

• ama-bulldog, ama-spaniel, ama-chow chows, ama-boxer, ama-saint Bernards, ama-bassets, ama-pugs - kubamele lezi zinhlobo, ukukhomba okungavamile kokukhula kwejwabu leso kuvame ukutholakala, kanye ne-conjunctivitis kanye nokuhlukumezeka kwe-cornea ka-XNUMX iso.

Izifo zamehlo zivame kakhulu emidlwaneni esemncane, lapho ukuzivikela kwabo okungazinzile kusalokhu kuthinteka ezicini ze-pathological, njengezifo ezibangelwa amagciwane kanye negciwane ngokumelene nesizinda sokuqukethwe okuminyene.

Izinhlobo zezifo zamehlo ezinjeni

Emsebenzini wezilwane, kuye kwathathwa ukuhlukaniswa okucabangela ezinye izici zezinja, uhlobo lohlobo nezici zalo, kanye nesimo semvelaphi yalesi sifo. Kwanele ukuthi umnikazi wesilwane azi ngezinhlobo zenkambo yesifo - zingama-acute noma ezingapheli. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kunezinhlobonhlobo ngokuya nezici ze-etiological:

• izifo zemvelaphi ethathelwanayo - zicasulwa ama-pathogenic agents of the microbiological environment. Ukuvuvukala nokunye ukubonakaliswa kwamehlo anesifo kubonakala ngemiphumela ye-pathogenic yamagciwane, isikhunta, amagciwane. Ngaphezu kwalokho, izifo zingathuthuka kokubili ngenxa yokutheleleka kwamehlo ngokwazo, futhi ngokumelene nesizinda sezifo zezinye izitho;

• izifo zemvelo ezingatheleleki - njengomthetho, ngenxa yesenzo semishini, ithonya lezici zokushisa, izimo zezulu nezimo zokuboshwa;

• i-congenital eye pathologies - ivela njengezinkinga zofuzo noma imiphumela, kanye nangenxa ye-pathologies yokuthuthukiswa kwe-intrauterine yengane.

Ngokwezimbangela zezifo zamehlo ezinjeni, kuyisiko ukuhlukanisa phakathi kwe-pathologies eyinhloko neyesibili. Ezangaphambili ziyizifo ezizimele ezicasulwa izici zangaphandle; lezi zokugcina ziwumphumela wenkinga ye-autoimmune, ukuphazamiseka kwangaphakathi kwezicubu nezitho, umphumela wezifo ezithathelwanayo eziqhubekayo zezitho zangaphakathi, izicubu noma izinhlelo.

Izifo nezinkinga zamajwabu amehlo

Izifo zamajwabu amehlo zikhula ngendlela eyodwa noma ezimbili - esweni elilodwa noma kokubili ngesikhathi esisodwa. Lezi zifo ungazibona ngokuthi inja ifuna ukunwaya indawo yamehlo noma inikine ikhanda ngapha nangapha.

I-blepharitis (ukuvuvukala kwejwabu leso)

I-blepharitis yinqubo yokuvuvukala kwejwabu leso, ngokuvamile ehlala emazweni amabili. Imbangela ngokuvamile i-allergic irritants.

Izimpawu ze-blepharitis yilezi:

• i-hyperemia;

• ukulunywa, lapho inja ihlikihla khona amehlo ngezidladla zayo cishe usuku lonke, ikakhulukazi ngesimo esibi sesifo;

• ukuklolodela noma uma iso lenja livalwe ngokuphelele;

• ukujiya konqenqema lwejwabu leso.

I-blepharitis ingakhula ngezindlela ezahlukene, ngakho-ke, ngokwezibonakaliso nezizathu, izinhlobo zayo zihlukaniswa: i-seborrheic, i-allergic, i-demodectic, i-ulcerative, i-diffuse, i-scaly, yangaphandle ne-chalazion.

Ukuze ukwelashwa, ukugeza ulwelwesi lwamafinyila lwejwabu leso kunqunyelwe, kanye nokwelashwa kwezidakamizwa kusetshenziswa i-antibacterial, antihistamine, sedative, antiparasites.

Ukuguqulwa kwekhulu leminyaka

I-torsion yejwabu leso kungenzeka kakhulu ukuthi ibonakale njenge-genetic anomaly ngonyaka wokuqala wempilo yomdlwane kulezi zinhlobo:

• i-shar pei;

• i-mastiff;

• Chow chow

Le nkinga izibonakalisa inja egulayo ngokubunjwa kobomvu, i-lacrimation eningi. Ubunkimbinkimbi balesi sifo bubangelwa ukungabikho kwezindlela zokwelapha ezilondolozayo. Ngakho-ke, ochwepheshe bezilwane benza ukususwa kokuhlinzwa kokuguqulwa kwejwabu leso. Udinga ukubathinta ngokushesha lapho kuqaphela ukuthi ijwabu leso elingezansi liwele ezinjeni. Isibonakaliso esishaqisayo sokuvakashela emtholampilo wezilwane singabhekwa njengesimo lapho iso lenja livuvukele ingxenye.

Ukuvela kwejwabu leso

Ukuguquka kwejwabu leso kuvame ukuvela ezifuyweni ezisembhoshweni lapho kwakheka khona ukugoqa kwesikhumba. Futhi, i-anomaly efanayo iyenzeka emadwaleni anegebe elibanzi le-orbital.

Izimbangela zejwabu leso zibhekwa njengokulimala kwemishini, imiphumela yokusebenza, nezici zofuzo.

Ngokuqhubeka kwalesi sifo, inja inobomvu ezungeze amehlo, ukusabalala kwenqubo yokuvuvukala ngokusebenzisa ulwelwesi lwamafinyila, iso lingase libe namanzi. Ilashwa kuphela ngezindlela zokuhlinza.

Izifo nezinkinga zeso

Zonke izinhlobo zezinkinga ze-eyeball zibonwa ezinja zalezo zinhlobo, i-anatomy ebonakala ngokungafani phakathi kobukhulu be-orbit kanye ne-eyeball - ePekingese, Shih Tzu nabanye. Imidlwane ivamise ukugula ngaphambi kwezinyanga eziyisi-8-12, nakuba abantu abadala nabo bangaphathwa yilokhu.

I-Horner's syndrome (ukuhlehla kwebhola leso)

I-Horner's syndrome yisifo esicasulwa ukwephulwa kwe-innervation ku-eyeball. Uphawu oluyinhloko ukuwohloka komnotho we-apula kanye nomfundi ocindezelekile. Ijwabu leso elihlaselwe yi-Horner's syndrome lehle ngokuphawulekayo.

Inja icwayiza njalo, ijwabu leso lesithathu livuleka. Ukuhlehla kwenhlamvu yeso kuphathwa ngezindlela zokuhlinzwa.

Ukususwa kwenhlamvu yeso

I-Exophthalmos (ukususwa kwebhola leso) kuwumphumela wezakhi zofuzo noma ukulimala kwezitho zombono noma zekhanda. Ngokuhlukana okunjalo, iso lenja landa kakhulu, futhi lidlula imingcele ye-orbit. Yehliswa ngesisekelo sokulaliswa esibhedlela emtholampilo wezilwane ngendlela yokuhlinzwa.

Izifo nezinkinga ze-conjunctiva kanye ne-lacrimal apparatus

Izifo ezibandakanya i-conjunctiva kanye/noma i-lacrimal apparatus ngokuvamile zenzeka ezinhlotsheni ezinezinwele ezinde noma kubantu abanomjikelezo omkhulu we-ocular. Ama-Poodles nama-Yorkshire terriers avame ukuhlupheka - avame ukuba nokuvuvukala okukhulu kwe-conjunctiva.

Izifo ze-conjunctiva zingaba ezithathelwanayo noma ezingatheleleki ngokwemvelo noma zibangelwa izingxenye ze-allergenic.

I-Conjunctivitis

I-Conjunctivitis icasulwa yizinto ezivela eceleni eziwela kulwelwesi lwamafinyila nangaphezulu kwejwabu leso lesithathu. Lesi sifo sikhula ngendlela eyingozi futhi engapheli. Izimpawu ze-conjunctivitis ubomvu beprotheni, ukwakheka kokukhishwa kwe-purulent, ukuziphatha okungaphumuli, ijwabu leso lingase lihlehle kancane.

Ukuze ukwelashwa, izindlela zokuhlinza kanye nezokwelapha zisetshenziselwa ukuqeda imbangela, ukukhulula ukucasuka kwe-allergic, nokuthulisa isilwane. Izinto zangaphandle ezibangele i-conjunctivitis zikhishwa esweni. Ukwelashwa kufanele kugunyazwe udokotela wezilwane, kuye ngokuthi i-conjunctivitis ihlukaniswe ngezigaba. Kungaba uhlobo lwe-follicular, purulent kanye ne-allergic, futhi lungathuthuka njenge-pathology yesibili ngenxa yokulimala kweso.

I-conjunctivitis ye-purulent

Ifomu le-purulent likhula ngokumelene nesizinda somsebenzi we-microflora ye-pathogenic:

• amagciwane;

• isikhunta;

• amagciwane.

I-purulent conjunctivitis ngokuvamile ivela ekuthelelekeni ngamagciwane ezifo eziyingozi (isibonelo, i-dog distemper). Ngenxa yezizathu ezinjalo, amehlo ezinja aphenduka abomvu noma akhiphe ukukhishwa kwe-purulent.

Ukuze ukwelashwa, ama-ejenti angaphandle asetshenziswa ngendlela yamafutha, saline, amaconsi iso. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, ama-antimicrobial ajovayo anqunyelwe.

I-Allergic Conjunctivitis

Izimpawu zokungezwani komzimba ze-conjunctivitis zilula ukuhlukanisa - le nkinga ibonakala ngokukhipha i-lacrimation eningi, ubomvu eduze kwamehlo. Leli fomu liphathwa ngokusetshenziswa kwama-antihistamine kanye nezidakamizwa ezilwa nokuvuvukala. Ifomu le-allergic lenzeka lapho impova, isihlabathi, izibulala-zinambuzane nezinye izinto ezicasulayo kungena emehlweni.

I-follicular conjunctivitis

Leli fomu libonakala ngokwakhiwa kwama-neoplasms amancane e-vesicular ebusweni obungaphakathi bejwabu leso. Ulwelwesi lwamafinyila luyavuvuka, kuyilapho inja ibabomvu eduze kwamehlo.

Ngaleli fomu, ukwelashwa okuyinkimbinkimbi kuphela okunezindlela zokuhlinza kungabhekana nesifo.

I-Keratoconjunctivitis

Ebizwa nangokuthi i-dry eye syndrome, i-keratoconjunctivitis ingabangela iso ukuthi livuvuke futhi libe bomvu. Ibangela odokotela bezilwane babiza uthuli, ama-microorganisms, ukulimala / ukuvinjelwa kwendlala ye-lacrimal. Ama-bulldog, ama-spaniel kanye nama-pugs asengozini kakhulu yalesi sifo.

Enjani ene-keratoconjunctivitis, ukubonakala kwama-neoplasms, izilonda ze-ulcerative, ukuvuvukala kuyaphawulwa, ukuphazamiseka kwesakhiwo se-cornea kubonakala. Isilwane siqala ukucwayiza njalo, amehlo angase avuvuke, alimale, avuvuke. Kuyaphawuleka ukuthi inja inebala elibomvu esweni.

Ngokusho kwemiphumela yokuxilongwa, udokotela wezilwane ubeka ukugeza, i-bougienage ye-lacrimal canal kanye nemithi.

Izifo nezinkinga ze-lens

I-Pathologies yalesi sigaba ku-ophthalmology yezilwane ibhekwa njengeyingozi kakhulu ezinja kuzo zonke izinhlobo. Izilwane zanoma yisiphi isigaba sobudala ziyahlupheka, kungakhathaliseki ubulili, isimo sezempilo, uhlobo.

Noma yisiphi isifo se-lens yamehlo sitholwa ngesisekelo sokufiphala kwamaprotheni, izimpawu zokukhubazeka okubukwayo. Ukubikezelwa kwezifo ezinjalo akukuhle, ngoba akukho nhlobo yokwelapha ekhiqizayo ye-lens pathologies.

I-Cataract

Enye yezinto ezivame kakhulu futhi ezingathembisi kakhulu mayelana nokwelashwa kwezifo i-cataract. Lesi sifo sivame kakhulu kumaqembu ezinja alandelayo:

• imidlwane engaphansi konyaka ongu-1;

• abadala kusukela eminyakeni engu-8.

Phakathi naleso sikhathi, futhi esikhathini esisukela onyakeni owodwa kuya eminyakeni engu-8, izilwane zisengozini yokuba ne-cataract. Uhlobo lwentsha lwe-cataract luvame kakhulu ezinhlotsheni ezinjengalezi:

• isilinganiso;

• i-poodle;

• I-Labrador;

• inkunzi yenkomo;

• I-Staffordshire terrier.

Uhlobo oluhlobene neminyaka lwe-cataract ezinjeni ngemva kweminyaka engu-8 lungakhula kuzo zonke izinhlobo. Le nkinga ye-ophthalmological ivela ngokumelene nesizinda sezifo eziyinhloko: isibonelo, nge-glaucoma eqhubekayo, i-dysplasia noma i-retinal atrophy.

Izindlela zokwelapha lesi sifo ezinjeni azikasungulwa. Ukuhlinzwa kungenziwa ukuze:

• ukususwa kwe-lens yeso elimele;

• ukufakwa kwe-lens yokwenziwa.

Njengamanje, ukuhlinzwa kwe-cataract kwenziwa kusetshenziswa ubuchwepheshe be-ultrasound, kanye ne-phacoemulsification, ukuhlinzwa okungavamisile okuncane nge-incision microscopic.

Izifo nezinkinga ze-vascular kanye ne-cornea

I-choroid kanye ne-cornea yeso ingahlupheka ikakhulukazi ngokuqhubeka kwezinqubo zokuvuvukala. Isikhalazo esingalindelekile kudokotela wamehlo wezilwane singaholela ekuphuphuthekeni okuphelele kwenja. Ngaphezu kwalokho, lokhu kungenzeka ngesikhathi esifushane, ngoba ama-pathologies anjalo ane-dynamics yentuthuko ejulile.

I-ulcerative keratitis

Emehlweni esilwane, i-ulcerative keratitis iqala ngenxa yokushiswa kwelanga noma ukushisa okushisayo, lapho kuvezwa amandla emishini ngesikhathi somthelela, lapho izinto zangaphandle zingena ngaphakathi kweso. Ngaphezu kwalokho, i-ulcerative keratitis yisifo sesibili ngokumelene nesizinda se-anomalies ye-allergic, i-beriberi, izifo ezibangelwa amagciwane kanye negciwane. Enye imbangela yalesi sifo yizifo ze-endocrine (ngokwesibonelo, isifo sikashukela).

Ngesilonda esinjalo, ukudabuka kuyakhula. Kulokhu, inja ihlikihla amehlo ngezidladla zayo, okubonisa ukulunywa, ukungakhululeki kanye nokuba khona kwemizimba yangaphandle ku-cornea. Iso lingalimaza kakhulu. I-Blue eye syndrome iphinde yenzeke lapho, ngaphansi kwethonya lezici ze-pathological, i-pigmentation yomfundi ishintsha.

Odokotela bezilwane kulezi zimo banquma ukwelashwa kwezidakamizwa nge-antimicrobial, i-antihistamine, ama-painkillers, kanye nama-ejenti angaphandle ukuze kutholakale inqubo yokuvuvukala.

Uveit

I-Uveitis yisifo se-ophthalmic sokuvuvukala. Ihambisana nokulimala kwe-choroid yeso kanye nokwephulwa kokunikezwa kwegazi ezicubu zayo.

Izimpawu zokuvuvukala okunamandla kwe-irises yizinguquko embala wabo, ukwesaba ukukhanya okukhanyayo, amajwabu amehlo abomvu avaliwe, ukuncipha kokubona. I-Uveitis yenzeka ngenxa yokulimala kwekhanda nendawo yamehlo, izifo ezibangelwa amagciwane kanye namagciwane.

Uma inja ineso elivuthayo endaweni ye-iris, izidakamizwa ezilwa nokuvuvukala zisetshenziselwa ikakhulukazi ukwelapha i-uveitis, kanye nezidakamizwa zokunciphisa ubuhlungu.

Izifo nezinkinga ze-retina

Lesi sigaba sezinkinga ze-ophthalmic ezinjeni sijwayelekile kuzo zonke izinhlobo. Izinja zazo zonke izigaba zeminyaka zihlushwa yi-pathologies efanayo, kodwa ngaphezu kwabanye - izilwane ezingaphezu kweminyaka engu-5-6. Izimbangela zezifo ezinjalo ukulimala kwamehlo kanye ne-muzzle, ukuphuma kwegazi ku-skull. Ngokuvamile izifo zikhula ezingeni lofuzo futhi ziyifa.

Ukuhlukaniswa kwe-retinal

I-retina ingabhamuka ngaphansi kwethonya lezinto ezihlukumezayo, ngokukhanya okubukhali ngokukhanya okukhanyayo, lapho ubuka ilanga noma imithombo ekhanyayo kakhulu yomlilo. I-retinal detachment ingenzeka kuzo zonke izinhlobo zezinja, kungakhathaliseki ukuthi isigaba sobudala.

Lesi sifo sibonakala ngenkambo esheshayo kanye ne-prognosis eqaphile. Kungaphetha ngokuphuphutheka okuphelele kwenja uma izinyathelo zokwelashwa ezifika ngesikhathi zingathathwa. Ngale njongo, inkambo yokwelashwa kwezidakamizwa inqunyelwe ukusetshenziswa kwezidakamizwa ezilwa nokuvuvukala kanye ne-antibacterial. Ngasikhathi sinye, ama-manipulations okuhlinzwa anganqunywa kuze kube ukuhlinzwa kwe-ophthalmic.

i-retinal atrophy

I-retinal atrophy ikhungathekisa kakhulu inja nomnikazi wayo ngoba alikho ikhambi. Kuzibonakalisa njengokulahlekelwa kancane kancane kokubona, ekuqaleni ebumnyameni. Kamuva, ukubona kuba buthaka emini.

Akukho ukwelashwa okusebenzayo kwezinja ezine-retinal atrophy.

I-glaucoma

I-glaucoma yaziwa njengenye yezifo zamehlo ezinzima kakhulu ukwelapha ezinjeni. Kuhambisana nokwanda okuqhubekayo kwengcindezi ye-intraocular, okuyimbangela yesifo. Izimpawu ze-glaucoma yilezi:

• ubomvu - okuphawulekayo ikakhulukazi enja ijwabu leso lesithathu elibomvu;

• ukusabela komfundi kuhamba kancane;

• i-photophobia ivela futhi iyanda;

• kukhona izimpawu zokunganaki.

Zonke izinqubo zezokwelapha zihloswe ekuphumeni koketshezi lwe-intraocular kanye nokuqiniswa kwengcindezi ye-intraocular. Ngale njongo, amaqembu ahlukene emithi anqunyelwe.

Ukwelashwa kwazo zonke izinhlobo zezifo kunqunywa udokotela wezilwane onolwazi olufanele lwezokwelapha. Ukwelashwa ngokwakho akuvunyelwe. Kuzo zonke izigaba zokwelashwa, ukubonisana nodokotela wezilwane kuyimpoqo.

I-athikili ayikona ukubizela esenzweni!

Ukuze uthole ukucwaninga okuningiliziwe kwenkinga, sincoma ukuthi uxhumane nochwepheshe.

Buza udokotela wezilwane

Julayi 23 2020

Kubuyekezwe: 22 May 2022