Izifo zezinhlanzi zase-aquarium

Kunezici eziningi ezithinta impilo yezinhlanzi:

• Izinga lamanzi elibi. Amanzi ompompi kufanele avikelwe futhi, uma kunesidingo, amalungiselelo akhethekile kufanele engezwe ukuze alethe amanzi esimweni esifanele ukuphila kwezinhlanzi nezinye izilwane ezifuywayo zase-aquarium.
• Ukungalingani ngenxa yoshintsho lwamanzi noma ukuqala okungafanele kwe-aquarium, ukuqoqwa kwezinhlanzi ngaphambi kwesikhathi.
• Ukudla ngokweqile. Amanzi ayangcoliswa, izinga lawo liyehla, futhi izinhlanzi azizizwa kahle kakhulu ngokudla ngokweqile, eziningi zazo azinawo umuzwa wokulinganiswa.
• Ukugcwala ngokweqile kwabantu, ukungahambisani kwezakhamuzi. Ngaphambi kokuthenga inhlanzi oyithandayo, udinga ukuthola imibandela yokugcinwa kwayo, ukuthi ihambisana yini nabanye abakhileyo ku-aquarium yakho. Futhi cabangela ukuminyana kwabantu. Akufanele kube nezinhlanzi eziningi kakhulu.
• Ukwehluleka ukugcina ukuvalelwa kwezinhlanzi ezintsha kanye nokwethulwa kwezilwane ezigulayo. Ngemuva kokuthenga inhlanzi entsha, kuyadingeka ukuthi uzinze endaweni ehlukile ye-aquarium, ukuze uhlukaniswe yedwa. Lokhu kwenzelwa ukuqinisekisa ukuthi izinhlanzi ziphilile futhi ngeke zithelele ezinye izakhamuzi ze-aquarium yakho. Isikhathi sokuhlukaniswa sisuka emavikini amathathu kuya kwayi-3, ngoba kungalesi sikhathi lapho lesi sifo, uma sikhona, kufanele sivele sivele.

Izifo ezinkulu kanye nokubonakaliswa kwazo

I-pseudomonosis (i-fin rot)

I-ejenti eyimbangela yi-bacterium Pseudomonas. Esinye sezifo ezivame kakhulu. Ikhula kakhulu emanzini angcoliswe kakhulu, kanye nalapho igcinwe emanzini abandayo kakhulu. Ukutheleleka kwebhaktheriya kubonakaliswa ukuguguleka kwamaphiko, ukubonakala kwengubo eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka eguquguqukayo kuwo, futhi amachashazi abomvu nawo avame ukubonakala. Ekuqaleni, ukuguguleka kutholakala emaphethelweni e-fin, kamuva i-fin ihlukana ibe imisebe, imisebe iyawa ekugcineni, umugqa wokuguguleka uvame ukubonakala ngokucacile ngombala omhlophe-oluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka. Ezinhlanzini ezincane, amaphiko ngokuvamile awela phansi, lapho kwakheka khona isilonda esimhlophe, amathambo angase avele obala, futhi izinhlanzi ziyafa. Ukugeza okusawoti, i-bicillin-5, i-chloramphenicol, i-streptocid isetshenziselwa ukwelashwa.

I-Saprolegniosis

Isifo sesikhunta, i-agent causative - isikhunta isikhunta Saprolegnia. Ngokuvamile kuvela njengesifo sesibili emanzini angcoliswe kakhulu noma ezinhlanzini ezibuthakathaka ngenxa yesinye isifo. Kubonakaliswa ukubonakala kwengubo emhlophe efana nekotini noma ephuzi ekhanyayo kanye nezintambo ezimhlophe ezincane endaweni ethintekile. Kungathinta noma iyiphi ingxenye yomzimba, kaningi - ama-gill, amaphiko, amehlo kanye namaqanda. Imisebe ye-fins inamathela ndawonye futhi igoqe, uma isikhunta siphezu kwama-gill - i-gill filaments iba grey futhi iyafa, uma phambi kwamehlo - inhlanzi ilahlekelwa ukubona, iso liphenduka libe mhlophe. Umuntu ogulayo uphelelwa isifiso sokudla, angasebenzi, alale kakhulu ezansi. Ngaphandle kokwelashwa nokuthuthukiswa kwezimo ku-aquarium, izinhlanzi ngokuvamile ziyafa. Ukwelashwa - i-streptocid, i-bicillin-5 isetshenziswa ku-aquarium evamile, esitsheni esihlukile - usawoti, i-sulfate yethusi (ngokucophelela, uma umthamo ungalungile, uzolimaza izinhlanzi). Kulula ukuvimbela uma ugcina i-aquarium ihlanzekile.  

i-ascites (i-dropsy)

Isebenza kaningi njengophawu lwezifo eziningi, i-parasitic kanye nebhaktheriya. Ibonakala ngendle yama-mucous, futhi kamuva ngokucekelwa phansi kwezindonga zamathumbu, ukunqwabelana koketshezi emgodini wesisu, isisu sivuvukala, izikali ziphakanyiswa ngaphezu kobuso bomzimba futhi ziqhume, amehlo aqhumayo angase athuthuke. Inhlanzi ingalenga endaweni eyodwa isikhathi eside, iba engasebenzi. Esigabeni sokuhlikihla isikali, ukwelashwa kungasebenzi, ezigabeni zokuqala, i-Baktopur, i-Oxytetracycline ingasetshenziswa, uma kwenzeka kufa izinhlanzi eziningi, i-aquarium iqalwa kabusha ngokubulala amagciwane.

I-Exophthalmos (amehlo aqhakazile)

Ngokuvamile kwenzeka ngamanzi angcoliswe kakhulu, futhi kungase kube uphawu oluhambisana nezinye izifo. Amehlo - okukodwa noma kokubili - ukwanda ngosayizi futhi aphume emigwaqweni, ubuso buba namafu, lokhu kwenzeka ngenxa yokuqoqwa koketshezi ngaphakathi noma ngemuva kweso. Ezimweni ezimbi kakhulu, izinhlanzi zingalahlekelwa ngokuphelele iso. Izindlela zokwelapha kufanele zisekelwe imbangela yalesi sifo kanye nokwenza ngcono izimo e-aquarium.

Isifo sofuba (mycobacteriosis)

I-agent causative yesifo sofuba sezinhlanzi yi-bacterium Mycobacterium piscum Izimpawu zalesi sifo zingahluka kakhulu. Ku-cichlids, izimpawu ziwukukhathala, ukugayeka kokudla, ukucekelwa phansi kwesikhumba, nokwakheka kwezilonda. Ku-labyrinths - amehlo avulekile, i-hunchback, ukulahlekelwa kwezikali, ukwanda komgodi wesisu nokuwugcwalisa nge-curdled mass. Ku-goldenfish - ukungagayeki kokudla, i-dropsy, amehlo aqhumile, ukulahlekelwa ibhalansi. Ku-Characins kanye ne-Pecilias, kukhona ukugoba komgogodla, izimila nezilonda, i-dropsy, amehlo aqhumayo. Izinhlanzi ezigulayo ziyacindezelwa, zibhukuda endaweni ethambekele ziphakamise amakhanda azo, zicashe ezindaweni ezicashile. Isifo sofuba singelashwa kuphela ezigabeni zokuqala, ngokuvamile basebenzisa i-kanamycin ne-rifampicin, bayiphakele izinhlanzi kanye nokudla, noma i-isoniazid, enezela emanzini ase-aquarium. Uma lesi sifo sesithuthuke kakhulu, sihlala sibhubhisa izinhlanzi, futhi siqale kabusha i-aquarium nge-disinfection ephelele. I-pathogen ingaba yingozi kubantu, kodwa i-pathogen akulona ebangela isifo sofuba kubantu. Lesi sifo sibizwa nangokuthi i-granuloma ye-aquarium, sizibonakalisa ngendlela yokucasuka kwesikhumba, imihuzuko kanye nemihuzuko ayipholi isikhathi eside, ivuvukala kalula. Ukutheleleka kwenzeka kuyaqabukela, kaningi kubantu abanamasosha omzimba abuthakathaka kanye nezifo zesikhumba esezivele zikhona. Uma usola ukuqubuka kwesifo sofuba ku-aquarium, kungcono ukusebenza ngamagilavu.

I-Hexamitosis

Lesi sifo sibangelwa ama-protozoan microorganisms, i-flagellates Hexamita (Octomitus) truttae, elimaza amathumbu kanye nenyongo yezinhlanzi. Izinhlanzi ziba mncane kakhulu, zingasebenzi, i-anus iyavuvukala, indle iba ne-slimy, viscous, ukubukeka okumhlophe. Umugqa we-lateral uba mnyama, ama-tubercles, izilonda zivela emzimbeni nasekhanda, kuze kufike emigodini emikhulu enesisindo esimhlophe kuzo. Amaphiko, izembozo zegill kanye nezicubu ze-cartilage ziyabhujiswa. Okuthinteka kakhulu kulesi sifo yi-cichlids - i-astronotus, i-flowerhorns, i-scalar, kanye ne-discus, i-labyrinth fish, kancane kancane lesi sifo sithinta i-catfish, i-characins ne-cyprinids. Ukwelashwa kuqukethe ukwelapha ngesandla izilonda ezinkulu nge-spirohexol noma i-flagellol, ukuphakamisa izinga lokushisa ku-33-35 degrees Celsius, kodwa cabangela izici zezinhlanzi - akuwona wonke umuntu ongakwazi ukumelana nokushisa okunjalo. Futhi, ukwelashwa nge-erythrocycline (40-50 mg/l) ngokufakwa kwe-griseofulvin noma i-metronidazole (10 mg/l) izinsuku eziyi-10-12. Ngemva kokwelashwa, izilonda ziyaphola, zishiya izibazi nezibazi.

I-Lepidortosis

Isifo esithathelwanayo, i-ejenti eyimbangela yebhaktheriya i-Aeromonas punctata kanye ne-Pseudomonas fluorescens, lapho amabhamuza amancane anefomu eliwuketshezi ngaphansi kwezikali zezinhlanzi, kuyilapho amazenga ekhuphuka futhi ehlubuka. Ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, i-ruffling isakazeka kuwo wonke umzimba, izikali ziyawa futhi izinhlanzi ziyafa. Ukwelashwa kusebenza kuphela ezigabeni zokuqala. I-Bicillin-5, i-biomycin, i-streptocide isetshenziswa ngendlela yokugeza ku-aquarium evamile. Uma lesi sifo sesithuthuke kakhulu, inani labantu base-aquarium liyabhujiswa, i-aquarium iqalwa kabusha ngokubulala amagciwane ngokuphelele.

I-Branchiomycosis

Isifo sesikhunta, amagciwane - isikhunta I-Branchiomyces sanguinis kanye ne-B.demigrans, ithinta amathumbu. Kuvela imivimbo empunga namachashaza ezindongeni, bese kuthi imicu yegill iyafa, bese izimbobo zegill zikhubazekile. Izinhlanzi azisebenzi, zilala emagumbini e-aquarium, cishe aziphenduli ekushukumiseni kwangaphandle. Lesi sifo sithuthuka ngokushesha okukhulu, kuze kufike ku-3% wezinhlanzi ezifa ezinsukwini ezingu-7-70. Ukwelashwa kwenziwa esitsheni esihlukile, nge-sulfate yethusi (ngokucophelela), i-rivanol. I-aquarium ihlanzwa kahle.

I-Arguloz

Ama-crustaceans amancane aguquguqukayo ohlobo lwe-Argulus, abizwa nangokuthi "i-carpoed" kanye "nentwala yezinhlanzi", i-parasitize ezinhlanzini, enamathela esikhumbeni nasemaphikweni, futhi amunca igazi. Esizeni sokunamathisela, izilonda ze-hemorrhages kanye nezilonda ezingapholi, ezingase zitheleleke ngamabhaktheriya kanye nesikhunta, izinhlanzi ziba yi-lethargic kanye ne-lethargic. Ukwelashwa kuhlanganisa ukuxukuza, ukugeza ngezixazululo ze-potassium permanganate, i-chlorophos ne-cyprinopur, kanye nokususwa ngomshini kwama-crustaceans ngama-tweezers, okungenziwa kalula ngenxa yobukhulu obukhulu - obufika ku-0,6 cm - ubukhulu be-crustacean.

I-Ichthyophthiriosis (i-manka)

Izinhlanzi zingenwa yi-ciliates Ichthyophthirius multifiliis. Izinhlamvu ezincane ezimhlophe zibonakala emzimbeni, okuthiwa ama-tubercles e-dermoid, afana ne-semolina, igama elithi "semolina" lifakwe kulesi sifo. Kunezimpawu ezinjengobuthakathaka, ukulunywa, ukuncipha komsebenzi. Ungayiphatha ngokunciphisa i-aeration ye-aquarium futhi ungeze usawoti emanzini, futhi usebenzise i-malachite eluhlaza, i-Kostapur.

I-Oodinia (isifo se-velvet, isifo se-velvet, uthuli lwegolide)

Lesi sifo sibangelwa futhi i-protozoan Piscnoodinium pillulare. Uphawu oluyinhloko yizinhlamvu ezincane kakhulu emzimbeni, ezifana nothuli lwegolide noma isihlabathi esihle. Izinhlanzi ziziphatha "zicindezelwe", zifihle, zibuthe phezulu noma phansi. Amaphiko ayanamathelana, futhi kamuva ayahlukana, kusale imisebe engenalutho yamaphiko. Amagill ayabhujiswa, isikhumba siyaxebuka, futhi izinhlanzi ziyafa. Izinhlanzi ze-carp ne-labyrinth zingenwa kalula yilesi sifo. Ukwelashwa - i-bicillin 5, i-copper sulfate.

Ichthyobodosis

I-parasite - flagellate Costia (Ichthyobodo) necatrix ihlasela ulwelwesi lwamafinyila lwezinhlanzi. Amachashazi aguquzelayo aluhlaza okotshani ayabonakala emzimbeni. Amaphiko anamathela ndawonye, ​​ukunyakaza kwezinhlanzi kuba okuphambene nemvelo futhi kuvinjelwe. Amagill ayakhukhumala futhi ambozwe ungqimba lwamafinyila, izimbozo zegill ziphumela emaceleni. Izinhlanzi zihlala eduze nendawo, zihefuzela. Ukwelashwa - okugeza nge-malachite eluhlaza, okugeza okusawoti, i-potassium permanganate. I-methylene eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka isiza ukuvimbela i-saprolegniosis ekukhuleni ezinhlanzi ezithintekile.  

I-Gyrodactylosis

Izikelemu ze-Gyrodactylus zilimaza umzimba namaphiko. Umzimba umbozwe ungqimba lwamafinyila, amabala alula, ukuguguleka, nokopha kubonakala ezinhlanzini. Amaphiko ayahlakazeka futhi acekeleke phansi. Izinhlanzi zibhukuda ziqinile, ziyathuka. Ukwelashwa kuhlanganisa ukungenisa amalungiselelo e-praziquantel ku-aquarium, kanye nokusebenzisa okugeza okusawoti esikhashana.  

I-Glugeosis

Isifo se-sporadic, i-ejenti ye-causative - i-sporozoan Glugea. Amabala abomvu, izimila, izilonda zivela ezinhlanzini, amehlo aqhumayo athuthuka. Ama-cysts ezicutshini ezixhumene enza ama-pineal outgrowths, ukwakheka kwama-cysts emigodini yomzimba nasezithweni zangaphakathi kuholela ekufeni kwezinhlanzi. Alikho ikhambi, kuhle ukucekela phansi zonke izakhamuzi zase-aquarium, ubilise indawo ezungezile, ukhiphe amagciwane ku-aquarium. Imvamisa, izifo zikhula ngokunganakekelwa kahle kwe-aquarium, ukusefa okunganele kanye nemvamisa yokuhlanza, izimo zamanzi ezingafanele kanye nemingcele, ukuphakela ukudla okungahloliwe okuphilayo, nokuntuleka kokuvalelwa kwezilwane ezifuywayo ezintsha. Kubaluleke kakhulu ukulandela imithetho yokunakekelwa kwe-aquarium.