I-Ataxia ezinjeni: izimpawu kanye nokwelashwa

I-Ataxia yisimo esithinta isimiso sezinzwa futhi sibangele ukungezwani ezinjeni. Nakuba ukuchezuka okunjalo kungase kungabonakali kubi kakhulu, kungenye yezimpawu ezibaluleke kakhulu zomtholampilo zesifo futhi kubonisa ukuthi isilwane sidinga ukunakekelwa kwezilwane. Kuyadingeka ukuthola imbangela yalesi simo ngokushesha ngangokunokwenzeka futhi unikeze isilwane ukwelashwa okudingekayo.

Yiziphi izinhlobo ze-ataxia nokuthi ungazibona kanjani izimpawu zabo?

I-Ataxia ezinjeni: izimpawu nezimpawu

Izimbangela ze-ataxia ezinjeni zingasukela kushevu we-toxin kanye nemiphumela emibi yezidakamizwa kuye ekusweleni ukudla okunomsoco, isifo se-metabolic, ukukhubazeka kokuzalwa, noma isifo somgogodla.

I-Ataxia ingase ivele ngokuzumayo noma ikhule kancane kancane futhi ingapheli, kuye ngembangela yayo ewumsuka. Ngaphezu kwalokho, izinga lesifo lingahluka ukusuka komnene kuya kolukhuni. Izimpawu ze-ataxia ezinjeni zincike kumbangela, kodwa ngokuvamile zihlanganisa okulandelayo:

• ubuthakathaka;
• ukukhubeka njalo noma ukudiyazela;
• ukuhamba okungahlanganisiwe;
• izidladla zokuma ezibanzi;
• ubunzima bokuvuka;
• ehamba emibuthanweni;
• ukutshekisa umzimba noma ukuhamba ngomthambeka ohlangothini olulodwa;
• ukukhathala;
• ikhanda litshekele eceleni;
• ukunyakaza kwamehlo okungavamile, ikakhulukazi ukusuka ohlangothini ukuya kwelinye noma phezulu naphansi;
• indawo yamehlo engavamile;
• ukuntula ukudla;
• ukuhlanza;
• izinguquko esimweni sengqondo.

Uma inja yakho ibonisa ezinye zalezi zimpawu, udinga ukulalelisisa ukuma kwayo nokuhamba kwayo.

Izinhlobo ze-ataxia ezinjeni

Izinhlobo eziningi zezifo zingahlukaniswa zibe izigaba ezintathu eziyinhloko:

1. I-Vestibular ataxia ezinjeni. Lolu hlobo lokwephulwa ngokuvamile yilona olubonakala kalula. I-Vestibular ataxia ingase iveze ngokutsheka kwekhanda, ukunyakaza kwamehlo okungavamile ngokuphawulekayo, kanye nokuhamba okufana nokuhamba endingilizini kunomugqa oqondile. Ngaphezu kwalokho, izimpawu ezinjengokutsheka komzimba, ukugingqika nokuwa zivame ukubonwa. Isizathu esivamile, kodwa hhayi kuphela, imbangela ye-vestibular ataxia idiopathic vestibular syndrome, noma isifo se-vestibular ezinjeni ezindala.
2. Cerebellar ataxia ezinjeni. Lolu hlobo lokungasebenzi lungase luveze njengezimpawu ezingavamile zomzimba. Ku-cerebellar ataxia, inja ayikwazi ukulawula isivinini nobubanzi bokuhamba kwayo. Ngokuvamile kubukeka sengathi isilwane siphakamisa izidladla zaso phezulu ngamabomu - njengokungathi sikhuphuka izitebhisi. I-cerebellar ataxia ibangelwa ukulimala kwe-cerebellum yobuchopho.
3. I-Proprioceptive ataxia ezinjeni. Lesi sifo ngokuyinhloko sihlotshaniswa nokulimala komgogodla. Kulesi simo, inja mancane amathuba okuba ibonise izimpawu endaweni yekhanda, njengokundindizela, ukutshekisa ikhanda, noma ukunyakaza kwamehlo okungavamile. Izimpawu zomzimba ezibonwa ku-ataxia efanelekile zivame ukuhlotshaniswa nesiqu kanye nezitho futhi zihlanganisa, phakathi kokunye, ukungazinzi, ubuthakathaka bemilenze, nokungakwazi ukuziqondisa ngokujwayelekile. Isibonelo sesifo esinesithombe esinjalo somtholampilo ukucindezelwa komgogodla.

Ukuxilongwa kwe-ataxia ezinjeni

Igama elithi "ataxia" lichaza ukubonakaliswa ngokomzimba kokuphulwa kokuhambisana kwemisipha. Ngalo, inja ayikwazi ukuxhumanisa kahle ukunyakaza kwekhanda, isiqu kanye nezidladla. Lokhu akufani nokuba buthakathaka kwemisipha okuthinta amandla emisipha, okubizwa nangokuthi i-paresis, noma ukuxhwala noma ukuxhuga. Bona-ke, bahlotshaniswa nokuphulwa komsebenzi wengxenye ethile yomzimba. Kodwa-ke, i-ataxia ithinta kuphela ikhono lenja lokuxhumanisa ukunyakaza komzimba.

Ukuze uqale ukuhlunga uhlu olude lwezimbangela ze-ataxia ezinjeni, udokotela wezilwane okhona uzothatha umlando oningiliziwe futhi enze ukuhlolwa kwezinzwa kanye nokuhlolwa komzimba okujwayelekile. Ukuhlolwa kwezinzwa kuzovumela uchwepheshe ukuthi anqume uhlobo lwe-ataxia. Ngemva kwalokho, uzokwazi ukuncoma izifundo zokuxilonga ezidingekayo.

Ukuvimbela nokwelashwa kwe-ataxia ezinjeni

Nakuba ingekho indlela yendawo yonke yokuvimbela i-ataxia, ukugcina inja yakho inempilo kungasiza ekuvimbeleni izimbangela ezithile. Ngokwesibonelo, indlebeukutheleleka, ezikhula endlebeni yangaphakathi futhi zibangele ukuvuvukala kanye ne-vestibular ataxia ehambisanayo.

Ukwelashwa kwe-ataxia ezinjeni nakho akuqondile. Okokuqala, kuyadingeka ukunquma ngokunembile futhi ubonise uhlobo lwesifo. Kubaluleke kakhulu ukuthi udokotela wezilwane akuthole kahle ukugxila ngokomzimba okubangele ukukhula kwesifo. Ukwelashwa kusuka ezinguqukweni ezincane ezinkambisweni zansuku zonke kuya ekuhlinzweni ukususa noma ukunciphisa isilonda. Ukulaliswa esibhedlela ngaphambi kokuxilongwa kungase kube usizo ekulawuleni uketshezi kanye nemithi ukusiza ukulawula izimpawu zomtholampilo ze-ataxia ezinjeni, njengokuhlanza.

Ukuqapha okuqhubekayo kodokotela wezilwane kuqinisekisa ukuthi noma yiziphi izimo zamathambo noma eziwohlokayo zikhishwe ngendlela efanele futhi azishiywa zingalashwa.

Ezimweni eziningi, inja isizwa ukunakekelwa kwasekhaya, okufanele kuhlinzekwe kuze kube yilapho ikwazi ukuhamba ngokujwayelekile. Izilwane ezine-ataxia zingase zidinge usizo lokuhamba nokudla ngesandla ngesikhathi lapho ukuntuleka kokuxhumana kugqama kakhulu. Kwezinye izimo, inja kuyodingeka isize ukuya endlini yangasese.

Ngokuvamile, uma unikeza umngane onemilenze emine ukunethezeka okukhulu ngesikhathi esalulama, uzobuyela esimweni sakhe esivamile sokujabula ngesikhathi esifushane ngangokunokwenzeka.

Bona futhi:

• Umdlavuza Ezinjeni: Izimbangela, Ukuxilongwa Nokwelashwa
• Ukuguga Kobuchopho Ezinjeni: Izimpawu Nokwelashwa
• Ukukhwehlela enjeni - siyaziqonda izizathu
• Ukuphelelwa umoya ezinjeni: nini ukukhalisa i-alamu