I-Arthritis Ezinjeni: Izimpawu Nokwelashwa

Izinhlobo ze-Arthritis

Okuvame ukubonakala ezinjeni ezindala, lesi simo singathinta imilenze, izinqe, iqolo, nokunye, okwenza ukunyakaza kwansuku zonke kube buhlungu.

Izinkinga ezihlangene ezinjeni zingakhula kusukela zisencane ngezizathu ezihlukahlukene. Ngokusekelwe kulokhu, kunezinhlobo eziningana ze-arthritis.

I-Rheumatoid arthritis ezinjeni

Kuyisifo se-autoimmune, okusho ukuthi amasosha omzimba ahlasela amalunga nezinye izingxenye zomzimba. Lokhu kubangela ukuvuvukala, okungaholela ekulimaleni okukhulu. Lesi simo asijwayelekile ezinjeni, senzeka kakhulu ezinjeni ezincane kanye “nethoyizi” eziphakathi kweminyaka emibili neyisithupha. I-Nova Scotia Retrievers ingase ibe ne-genetically predisposed ekuthuthukiseni lolu hlobo lwe-arthritis.

I-Rheumatoid arthritis ezinjeni ithinta amalunga amaningana, okuhlanganisa izihlakala, izindololwane, amahlombe, amadolo, amaqakala, izinyawo, ngisho nomhlathi nentamo. Ukuqina okuqala ekuseni kungathatha amahora noma kuze kube sekupheleni kosuku. Ezinye izimpawu zihlanganisa ukukhathala nokungathandi ukudla.

I-Purulent (ethathelwanayo)

Njengoba igama liphakamisa, lolu hlobo lubangelwa i-ejenti ethelelanayo efana namagciwane noma amagciwane. Nakuba isifo singelapheka, umonakalo owenziwe ungase ube unomphela.

I-osteoarthritis (esebenzayo) futhi ehlukumezayo

Uhlobo lwesifo sokuqaqamba kwamalunga ezinjeni oluhambisana nokuguga nokudabuka ejoyintini. I-osteoarthritis eyinhloko ingumphumela wezinkinga ze-anatomical ezizuzwe njengefa ezibeka ukucindezeleka ngokweqile emalungeni.

Izinja eziningi ziba ne-osteoarthritis yesibili, ebangelwa ukulimala kokuzivocavoca ngamandla, ukuhlukumezeka, ukugxuma ngokweqile, imisipha ephukile, i-hip dysplasia, nezinye izingozi.

I-Metabolic (i-dystrophic)

Ukwakheka noma ukweqisa kwe-uric acid ezingeni lamaselula kuholela ekwakhekeni kwekristalu okubangela ubuhlungu obuhlangene. Lesi simo saziwa nangokuthi i-gout.

I-spondylitis ne-spondylosis

Izifo eziwohlokayo zomgogodla ezivame ukuhambisana nesifo samathambo.

I-spondylitis ingabangela amathambo ukuba akhule kakhulu, okubangele ukuthi ahlangane ngokungavamile, okubizwa ngokuthi "i-bone fusion." Ukuhlanganiswa okuthinta amathambo entamo, emuva, noma ezinqulwini kungaphazamisa ukunyakaza. I-calcium deposits idala i-bone spur noma ibhuloho phakathi kwama-vertebrae.

I-spondylosis iqala ezinjeni ezindala njengoba izicubu ezithambile zomgogodla ziwohloka futhi ziwohloka, okuholela ebuhlungu. Ngenxa yalokho, ama-discs e-herniated, isifo se-disc degenerative, kanye ne-spinal stenosis ingakhula. I-spondylosis ivamise ukwenzeka ngaphandle kwezimpawu zangaphandle, futhi isimo sivame ukutholakala ngengozi kuma-x-reyi athathwe ngenxa yesinye isizathu.

Isifo samathambo

Kuye ngesizathu, isifo samathambo ezinjeni singathinta ilunga elilodwa noma inombolo yamalunga. Izimo eziningi zikhula ngenxa yokungqubuzana okungavamile kwelunga elibangelwa:

• Ukungaqini kwamalunga (isibonelo, ngemva kokulimala komsipha)

• Ukulimala noma ukukhula okungavamile kwe-cartilage

• Ukulimala okubangelwa ukuhlukumezeka (njengokuphuka)

• Ukutheleleka ekuhlanganyeleni (amagciwane, amagciwane, isikhunta).

Eqinisweni, izimbangela ze-arthritis zibanzi futhi zihlukahlukene. Izindaba ezinhle ukuthi ezinye zazo ziyakwazi ukulawuleka ngokuphelele, futhi kwezinye izimo ungakwazi ngisho nokumisa umonakalo ngaphambi kokuba ufinyelele esimweni esibucayi futhi udinga ukwelashwa. Lezi zizathu zihlanganisa iminyaka yobudala: lapho umzimba ukhula, izingxenye zawo ziya ziguga, yingakho izimpawu zesifo samathambo zivela kaningi ezilwaneni ezindala.

Inja ekhuluphele iyinja engenampilo.

Ukukhuluphala ngokweqile kungesinye isizathu. Kuyadingeka ukugcina isisindo esifanele impilo yonke. Futhi inja, ngokungafani nabantu, lokhu kulula, ngoba ngeke ikhuphuke esiqandisini ukuze idle okuthile okumnandi ebusuku. Umnikazi ulawula ukudla kwakhe, futhi umthwalo wemfanelo wokukhuluphala kwenja uphezu kwakhe kuphela.

Ukuqeqesha, imidlalo, nokuzivocavoca kungase kubangele isifo sokuqaqamba kwamalunga. Yiqiniso, umdlalo uwukuphila, futhi izinja zidinga ukuvivinya umzimba. Kodwa iqiniso liwukuthi ukuvivinya umzimba ngokweqile kuyinkinga enkulu, ikakhulukazi uma izilwane zijwayele i-dysplasia noma zilimele. Isibonelo, uma i-puppy ithunyelwa ekuqeqesheni i-agility ngaphambi kokuba amalunga ayo akhiwe ngokugcwele, kungaholela ekuguleni kwe-cranial kanye nesifo samathambo. Kuyafaneleka futhi ukucabangela indawo: ukuhamba noma ukugijima kuphela kukhonkolo noma i-pavement kuzothatha ngokushesha ezinqulwini, emahlombe nasezindololwaneni.

Ukulimala kwanoma yiluphi uhlobo - ekuqeqesheni, engozini noma emdlalweni - kungadala izinkinga ezihlangene. Ngakho-ke, isibonelo, ngokuvamile izinja ezihlala endlini enezitezi ezishelelayo futhi ezigijima kuzo ziba nokulimala okuhlangene okujwayelekile.

Breed Predisposition

Akukho ukubikezela okuqondile kwanoma yiziphi izinhlobo zezinja kulesi sifo. Nokho, ngokuvamile izifo ezihlangene ezinjeni zenzeka ezinhlotsheni ezinkulu ezifana: Labradors, Bernese Mountain Dogs, Rottweilers, Shepherds, Newfoundlands, Great Danes, St. Bernards, Mastiffs. Ikakhulukazi ngokuhambisana nesisindo esiningi noma i-dysplasia ehlangene.

Izimpawu Zesifo Samathambo Ezinjeni

Kunezinhlobo ezimbili zezimpawu ze-arthritis ezinjeni: lezo esizibonayo nalezo esingaziboni.

Izimpawu ezibonwayo ze-arthritis zilula, nakuba ngezinye izikhathi zingacacile:

• Ukuqina kokunyakaza

• Lameness

• Inja ivuka kancane

• Ukungahlaliseki nokukhononda

• Ukungakwazi (noma ukwenqaba) ukugibela embhedeni noma kusofa

• Athuke noma akhale ngobuhlungu

• Ukunciphisa ukubekezelelana kokuzivocavoca.

Izimpawu esingaziboni, njengokulimala kwangempela kwamalunga noma ukuguga kwe-cartilage, zingabonwa kuphela nge-x-ray. Kwesinye isikhathi ukushaya izandla ngudokotela wezilwane endaweni efanele kungaveza ukuvuvukala ngenkathi kusengabonakali izimpawu.

Ukuxilongwa kwalesi sifo

I-arthritis kulula ukuyixilonga. Udokotela wamathambo wezilwane onolwazi noma uchwepheshe wokuvuselela angakwazi ukusho ukuthi yimaphi amalunga aphethwe ubuhlungu nokungaphatheki kahle ngesikhathi sokuhlolwa okujwayelekile, okuhlanganisa ukugoba nokunwetshwa kwawo. Ukuze uhlole kahle uhlelo lwe-musculoskeletal, ochwepheshe bangase basikisele ukuhlolwa okwengeziwe (okufana nama-x-ray noma ama-CT scan) ukuze kuqinisekiswe futhi kwenziwe kwasendaweni izinguquko ze-arthritic, futhi ngezinye izikhathi ukuthola izimbangela eziyinhloko zokuvuvukala kwezinja ezinjeni.

Akuvamile, ukuhlolwa kwegazi kungase kudingeke ukuze kukhishwe izifo ezihlobene nesifo samathambo.

Ukwelapha Isifo Samathambo Ezinjeni

Ayikho iphrothokholi eyodwa engcono kakhulu yokwelapha izinja ezinalesi simo. Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi inja ngayinye ihlukile ngakho-ke izodinga uhlobo lokwelapha oluhlukile ukuze uthole imiphumela engcono kakhulu.

Uma uqwanga olusesihlanganisini senja yakho sebulimele, aluvamile ukululama ngokugcwele. Ngakho-ke, ukwelashwa nokugcinwa kwesimo kuyadingeka kuyo yonke impilo ukuze isilwane singazwa ubuhlungu.

Ukudla kuhlala kubaluleke kakhulu, futhi nakakhulu uma isilwane sakho sinesifo samathambo. Isisindo esiningi kubeka ingcindezi eyengeziwe emzimbeni nasemalungeni. Nakuba ukuvivinya umzimba ukulawula isisindo nokuncipha kungase kube nzima, ikakhulukazi uma isifo samathambo sinzima, ungase ufune ukubonana nochwepheshe we-rehab ukuze uthole uhlobo olufanele lokuzivocavoca. Ukwengeza, ungakwazi ukunaka kakhulu ukudla.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, ungacabangela ukudla okuqukethe i-glucosamine noma unikeze isilwane sakho i-glucosamine noma i-chondroitin njengezithako. Lawa ma-sulfate ayizisekelo zokwakha uqwanga olunempilo futhi lubonakala lushukumisa umzimba ukuba ukhiqize uqwanga olwengeziwe. Nakuba ucwaningo nge-glucosamine ne-chondroitin lungqubuzana futhi abukho ubufakazi obucacile bemiphumela yabo, ezinye izinja zisabela kahle kulezi zithako.

Ukwelapha isifo samathambo ezinjeni, kusetshenziswa le mithi elandelayo: izidakamizwa ezingezona ukuvuvukala (ama-NSAID), iziphumuza imisipha, nezinye izidakamizwa ezidambisa ubuhlungu. Kodwa-ke, ngaphambi kokuba uthathe, kubalulekile ukungabandakanyi ama-pathologies ezitho zangaphakathi ngokudlula ukuhlolwa kwegazi, futhi uqiniseke ukuthi inja ayinakho ukuphikisana nokuyithatha. Khumbula ukuthi ama-NSAID abantu njenge-Ibuprofen noma i-Naproxen ayizidakamizwa ezinobuthi ezinjeni futhi akufanele neze anikezwe ukuze aqede izinhlungu.

Inketho yokwelapha ethole ukuduma eminyakeni yamuva nje ukusetshenziswa kwamafutha e-CBD (i-hemp extract) ukwelapha isifo samathambo. I-CBD iyinhlanganisela etholakala ku-cannabis ne-hemp abanye abanikazi bezinja, kanye nabantu, abayithola isebenza ngempumelelo ekwelapheni izimo ezahlukahlukene. Kodwa-ke, kufanelekile ukuqaphela ukuthi okwamanje ayikho idatha yesayensi ngokusetshenziswa noma izinzuzo ze-CBD.

Enye indlela enhle yokulawula ubuhlungu be-arthritis ukwelashwa ngokomzimba.

I-Physiotherapy igama eliyisambulela elihlanganisa izinketho eziningi zokwelapha, kusukela ekubhucungeni okulula ukuya ekwelashweni kwe-laser okusha.

Ukubhucunga umzimba kusebenzisa amandla okuthinta ukuletha ukuphulukiswa. Ukubhucunga kuyasiza ngesifo samathambo ngokwandisa ukugeleza kwegazi emalungwini athintekile. Ukugeleza kwegazi okwandisiwe kuholela ekuthelelekeni kwezinhlanganisela zokuphulukisa nezakhamzimba ezingakhuthaza impilo ehlangene. Ungakwazi ukuzihlikihla inja yakho, kodwa kunconywa kakhulu ukubonisana nochwepheshe. Kunezindlela ezihlukahlukene, futhi kuyasiza ukwazi ukuthi iyiphi engcono kakhulu yokwelapha isifo samathambo.

I-Hydrotherapy iwuhlobo lokuvuselela umzimba okwenzeka ngaphansi kwamanzi. Amanzi anikeza ukumelana okuphezulu kunomoya, okusiza ukuqinisa izitho. Kwezinye izimo, imishini efana ne-treadmill engaphansi kwamanzi isetshenziselwa ukuthuthukisa ukuhamba kwenja kanye nobubanzi bokunyakaza. I-Hydrotherapy ingahlanganiswa nakho kokubili imithi kanye nezinye izindlela zokwelapha.

I-acupuncture iwuhlobo lokwelapha lapho izinaliti ezinhle zifakwa esikhunjeni ezindaweni ezithile ukusiza umzimba ululame. Lokhu kwelashwa sekwenziwe kubantu izinkulungwane zeminyaka, kodwa futhi kunesithembiso esikhulu empilweni yezinja. I-acupuncture isebenza ngokubangela ukukhululwa kwezinto ezilwa nokuvuvukala njengama-endorphin kuwo wonke umzimba. Lokhu kwelashwa okuphelele kwesifo samathambo kwenziwa odokotela bezilwane abaqeqeshwe ngokukhethekile.

Ukuhlinza isifo sokuqaqamba kwamalunga ngokuvamile kuyindlela yokugcina.

Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi kungabiza futhi kube nengozi enkulu yemiphumela emibi. Kunezinketho eziningi zokwelashwa kokuhlinzwa kwamalunga ezinjeni.

Ukushintshwa kwamalunga okuphelele kuwukwelashwa kokuhlinzwa kwe-arthritis yenyonga lapho kususwa khona lonke ilunga futhi kufakwe i-prosthesis. Ukushintsha ngokuhlanganyela akubizi kahle ezinjeni ezindala. Phakathi nenqubo, kokubili ibhola kanye nesokhethi kushintshwa izingxenye zokwenziwa. Ibhola (ikhanda lesifazane) livame ukushintshwa ngensimbi futhi isokhethi (i-hip socket) ishintshwe ngepulasitiki.

Ukususwa kwekhanda lesifazane kuwukwelashwa kokuhlinzwa kwe-arthritis okubandakanya ukusika ikhanda nentamo ye-femur. Ngemuva kokuhlinzwa, izicubu ezibomvu zisiza ukuzinzisa ilunga.

I-Arthrodesis iyindlela yokwelapha eyinkimbinkimbi. Kubhekiselwa enkambweni lapho amathambo amabili asezingeni lelunga asikwa futhi ahlanganiswe ukuze akhe ithambo elilodwa. Udokotela ohlinzayo wamathambo ukhipha uqwanga olusejoyintini, anqume amanye amathambo, aphinde awahlanganise.

I-Arthroscopy iyindlela yokwelapha ethandwayo ye-arthritis ngoba iyinqubo engavamile yokugcina ilunga lizinzile. Iphinde ivumele udokotela wezilwane ukuthi abheke uqwanga oluseduze.

Ukunakekelwa kwezilwane ezifuywayo

Kunezinto eziningi ezincane ongazenza ekhaya ukuze wenze impilo ibe lula enja enesifo samathambo.

Amarampu noma izitebhisi zingasiza isilwane sakho esifuywayo sifike lapho sidinga ukuya khona ngaphandle kokuthi sigxume siye phezulu noma phansi. Lokhu kuwusizo ikakhulukazi ezinjeni ezincane ukuze zikwazi ukukhwela embhedeni wakho noma usofa.

Izitsha eziphakanyisiwe zenza kube lula ukuthi izinhlobo ezinkulu zidle futhi ziphuze, kodwa izinja ezincane zizokwenza kangcono ngokugcina izintamo zazo phansi ngenkathi zidla.

Amahhanisi angcono kakhulu kunamakholomu avamile uma inja yakho inesifo samathambo entanyeni noma phambi komzimba.

Izisekelo ezihlangene zisiza ukubeka ingcindezi encane emalungeni abuhlungu, futhi inja izwa ubuhlungu obuncane.

Amajezi afudumele, amasokisi namabhande azosiza inja ukuba zizwe kangcono ezikhathini ezibandayo nezimanzi.

Ukulala okungenabuhlungu kanye nekhono lokuma uqonde kalula kuzokwenza umehluko omangalisayo eqophelweni lempilo, futhi izinga lempilo elingcono lingaholela ekuphileni okude. Ngakho-ke, khetha umbhede ofanele noma ngisho nombhede wamathambo wenja yakho.

I-Massage kanye nokuzivocavoca okulula kwansuku zonke, okuzosiza ukukhetha uchwepheshe wokuvuselela inja yakho, izodlala indima ebalulekile ekuthuthukiseni izinga lokuphila. Ngempela, ngenxa yalokho, imisipha eqinile iyakhululeka, futhi imisipha ekhululekile ibuhlungu kancane, futhi amalunga nawo angakhululeka.

Ukuvimbela I-Arthritis

Ukuze uvimbele ukuvuvukala kwamalunga ezinja kusukela ebuntwaneni, nikeza umdlwane ngokudla okulinganiselayo futhi ugcine isisindo esifanele kukho konke ukuphila.

Gcina umbhalo walokho okuvivinya umzimba, ezinjeni zezemidlalo, yenza ukuqeqeshwa ngaphansi kokugadwa umqeqeshi onolwazi.

Nikeza indawo yokulala efanele kanye nokunyakaza okuphephile ekhaya, izitezi ezishelelayo zilimaza inja.

Thola ukuhlolwa kwezokwelapha okuvamile, ikakhulukazi izilwane ezifuywayo ezingaphezu kweminyaka engu-7 ubudala, futhi ungakhohlwa ukugcina ukwelashwa kwezinambuzane kanye nokugoma kusesikhathini samanje.

Ikhaya

1. I-arthritis ukuvuvukala kanye nokuwohloka kwamalunga nezicubu ezizungezile. Kuyinqubo yemvelo yokuphila futhi ngokuvamile umphumela wokuhlukumezeka.

2. Kunezinhlobo ezimbili ze-arthritis - eyinhloko neyesibili. Isifo samathambo njengokuxilongwa kwesibili kusho ukuthi kunenye inkinga eyinhloko futhi kungaba isengezo noma umphumela waleyo nkinga.

3. Kunezinketho eziningi ezitholakalayo zokwelapha isifo samathambo ezinjeni, kokubili kwezokwelapha nezomzimba: amaphilisi ezinhlungu, ama-massage, ukubhukuda, izidlo.

4. Qala ngokwenza izinguquko zendlela yokuphila bese wengeza amasu okubuyisela, okungaba isinyathelo sokuqala esiholela empilweni entsha yenja yakho ene-arthritic.

5. Imithetho eyinhloko yokuvimbela ukugcina isisindo somzimba esivamile kanye nokusebenza ngokomzimba okulinganiselwe kwenja kukho konke ukuphila kwayo.

Izimpendulo zemibuzo evame ukubuzwa

Imithombo:

1. U-BockstahlerBarbara, MillisDarryl, Levine David, Amaqiniso Abalulekile Ngenja kanye Nokwelashwa Kwekati (+DVD), 2017

2. J.-P. Hurdebeit, S. Seymour “Ukubhucunga izinja, umhlahlandlela osebenzayo”, 2017

3. UDenny, Butterwoof: Canine and Feline Orthopedics, 2007

4. Mortellaro C.M., Petazzoni M., Vezzoni A., Canine Orthopedics. Wow atlas. Indlela yokuxilonga esekelwe ku-general predisposition, 2017