Amaqiniso ayi-10 athakazelisayo ngezingwejeje - amagundane abukekayo

Ama-squirrel ayingxenye yomndeni wezingwejeje, ayingxenye yamagundane. Ngisho nengane ingasibona lesi silwane: sinomzimba omude, umlomo onezindlebe ngesimo sikanxantathu nomsila omkhulu ompunga.

Ijazi lengwejeje lingaba nemibala ehlukene, ukusuka kokunsundu kuye kobomvu, futhi isisu sivame ukukhanya, kodwa ebusika siba mpunga. Uchitha izikhathi ezi-2 ngonyaka, maphakathi noma ekupheleni kwentwasahlobo, nasekwindla.

Leli igundane elivame kakhulu, elingatholakala cishe yonke indawo ngaphandle kwase-Australia nase-Antarctica. Zikhetha amahlathi ahlala eluhlaza noma amahlathi avuthulukayo, kodwa futhi zingahlala ezindaweni eziphansi nasezintabeni.

Anamalitha angu-1-2, ahlukene ngamaviki angu-13. Kungaba namawundlu asukela ku-3 kuye kwayi-10 kudoti, anesisindo esingu-8 g kuphela. Ziqala ukukhula uboya ngemva kwezinsuku eziyi-14. Umama wazo uzipha ubisi izinsuku ezingama-40-50, futhi emasontweni ayi-8-10 izingane ziba ngabantu abadala.

Uma uthanda lezi zilwane, khona-ke lawa maqiniso ayi-10 athakazelisa kakhulu mayelana nezingwejeje kufanelekile ukuwahlola.

10 Cishe zingu-30 izinhlobo ezihlonziwe

I-genus Sciurus ihlanganisa izinhlobo ezingaba ngu-30.abahlala e-Asia, eMelika, eYurophu. Kodwa ngaphandle kwalezi zilwane, kuyisiko ukubiza abanye abameleli bomndeni we-squirrel, isibonelo, ama-squirrels abomvu, ama-palm squirrels, ama-squirrels. Lezi zihlanganisa ama-Persian, Fire, Yellow-throated, Red-tailed, Japanese nezinye izingwejejejeje eziningi.

9. Kukhona cishe iminyaka eyizigidi ezingama-50

Ukuhleleka kwamagundane, okuyizingwejejejejejela, kunezinhlobo ezingaba yizinkulungwane ezimbili, abameleli bayo bahlala emhlabeni wonke. Ummeleli omdala kakhulu walo myalelo yi-Acritoparamys, eyahlala eNyakatho Melika eminyakeni eyizigidi ezingu-2 edlule. Ingukhokho wawo wonke amagundane emhlabeni.

Futhi eminyakeni eyizigidi ezingu-50 edlule, e-Eocene, abameleli bohlobo lweParamys babehlala, okuyinto ngokubukeka kwabo efana ne-squirrel.. Ukubukeka kwalezi zilwane kwabuyiselwa ngokuphelele, babenazo zonke izici eziyinhloko zale gundane. Kodwa uma sikhuluma ngokhokho oqondile, laba abameleli bohlobo lwe-Protoscirius, olwakhiwa eminyakeni eyizigidi ezingu-40 edlule. Kungaleso sikhathi lapho u-Iscbyromyides athuthela khona emndenini omusha wama-Sciurides, okuyingxenye yawo amaprotheni.

I-Protoscirius isivele inesakhiwo esiphelele samathambo kanye nama-ossicles endlebe aphakathi ezilwane zanamuhla, kodwa kuze kube manje zazinamazinyo asendulo.

8. E-Russia, i-squirrel evamile kuphela itholakala

Ezilwaneni zezwe lakithi kukhona ingwejeje nje evamile. Ukhetha ukuphila kwamahlathi engxenye yaseYurophu, kanye naseMpumalanga Ekude naseSiberia, futhi ngo-1923 wathuthela eKamchatka.

Lesi isilwane esincane, sikhula sifike ku-20-28 cm, sinomsila omkhulu, sinesisindo esingaphansi kuka-0,5 kg (250-340 g). Uboya basehlobo bufushane futhi buncane, bubomvu noma bunsundu ngombala, uboya basebusika buyi-fluffy, ubude, impunga noma emnyama. Kunezinhlobo ezingaba ngu-40 zale ngwejeje. E-Russia, ungahlangana neNyakatho Yurophu, Central Russian, Teleutka nabanye.

7. Kubhekwa njenge-omnivorous

Zingamagundane omnivorous, bangadla ukudla okuhlukahlukene, kodwa ukudla okuyinhloko kwabo yimbewu yezihlahla zohlobo lwe-coniferous. Uma zizinza emahlathini aluhlaza, zidla ama-acorns noma ama-hazelnuts.

Bangakwazi ukudla amakhowe, amajikijolo, badle izilimo eziyizigaxa noma ama-rhizomes ezitshalo, amagatsha amancane noma imiqumbe yezihlahla, amakhambi ahlukahlukene kanye nolele. Ngeke banqabe izithelo ezivuthwa ehlathini. Sekukonke, badla izinhlobo ezahlukene zokudla ezingafika ku-130.

Uma unyaka ubonakala ungenawo amandla, angase afudukele kwamanye amahlathi, amakhilomitha amaningi, noma ashintshele kokunye ukudla. Zidla kokubili izinambuzane nezibungu zazo, zingadla amaqanda noma amatshwele.

Ebusika, lezi zilwane ezihlakaniphile zigcina ukudla. Bawungcwaba phakathi kwezimpande noma endaweni engenalutho, amakhowe omile emagatsheni ezihlahla. Ngokuvamile, izingwejejejeqe azikhumbuli ukuthi zikuphi izimpahla zazo; ebusika bangazithola ngengozi uma izinyoni noma amanye amagundane engazange awadle ngaphambili.

6. Isilwane esisodwa singazakhela “izidleke” ezingu-15

Izingwejeje zincamela ukuhlala ezihlahleni. Ngokwemvelo, nazo zihlala ezihlahleni. Emahlathini aluhlaza, izimbobo zikhethwa ngokwazo. Izingwejeje ezihlala emahlathini e-coniferous zikhetha ukwakha i-gaina. Lezi izidleke ngendlela yamabhola enziwe ngamagatsha omile. Ngaphakathi zikleliswe ngezinto ezithambile.

Amaduna awakaze akhe izidleke, kodwa akhetha ukuhlala esidlekeni sensikazi noma ahlale endaweni engenalutho yezinyoni. I-squirrel ayihlali esidlekeni esisodwa isikhathi eside, ishintsha njalo ezinsukwini ezingu-2-3. Ngokunokwenzeka, lokhu kuyadingeka ukuze ubalekele kuma-parasite. Yingakho ke isidleke esisodwa asanele kuye, sinezicucu ezimbalwa, kuze kufike ku-15.

Insikazi ivamise ukudlulisa amawundlu ukusuka kwesinye isidleke kuya kwesinye emazinyweni ayo. Ebusika, ama-squirrel angaba ngu-3-6 angabuthana esidlekeni, nakuba ngokuvamile ethanda isizungu.

Ngenkathi ebandayo, ishiya isidleke kuphela ngenxa yokufuna ukudla. Uma amaqhwa aqinile eqala, isimo sezulu esibi, sikhetha ukuchitha lesi sikhathi esidlekeni, siwela esimweni sokulala.

5. Isikhathi esiningi sichithwa ezihlahleni

Izingwejeje zincamela ukuhlala zodwa. Zichitha ingxenye enkulu yokuphila kwazo ezihlahleni, zigxuma zisuka kwesinye ziye kwesinye.. Ngobude, angakwazi ukuhlanganisa ibanga elingafika kumamitha amaningana, okuyinto eningi, uma kubhekwa ubukhulu bomzimba wakhe. Phansi angakwazi ukweqa amabanga amade, afinyelele ku-15 m.

Kwesinye isikhathi ingehlela phansi, ngokudla noma isitokwe esenziwe, iphinde ihambe eduze kwayo ngokugxuma kuze kufike ku-1 m ubude. Yehla ezihlahleni ehlobo, futhi ikhetha ukungakwenzi lokhu ebusika.

Ingwejeje iyakwazi ukukhwela izihlahla ngokushesha, ibambelele emagxolweni ezihlahla ezinezinzipho ezicijile. Ikwazi ukundiza ize iyofika phezulu ekhanda njengomcibisholo, ihamba ngokuzungeza.

4. indlela yokuphila yokuzulazula

Nasemibhalweni yasendulo kwashiwo lokho amaprotheni angafuduka. Lokhu kufuduka kwabantu abaningi kwabangelwa ukusha kwehlathi noma isomiso, kodwa ngokuvamile ukwehluleka kwezitshalo. Lokhu kufuduka kuqala ngasekupheleni kwehlobo noma ekuqaleni kwekwindla.

Amagundane ayengavamile ukuya kude, akhetha ihlathi eliseduze ukuphila kwakhe konke. Kodwa kwakukhona izimo lapho bethuthela ku-250-300 km.

Izingwejeje zizulazula zodwa, ngaphandle kokwenza imihlambi noma amaqoqo, uma isithiyo semvelo singafinyeleli endleleni. Abaningi babo ngesikhathi sokufuduka okunjalo babulawa amakhaza nendlala, bawela ekubanjweni kwezilwane ezidla ezinye.

Ngaphezu kokufuduka kwabantu abaningi, kukhona nangezinkathi ezithile zonyaka. Ifolishi emahlathini ivuthwa ngokulandelana, amaprotheni alandela lokhu. Futhi, ekupheleni kwehlobo - ekuqaleni kwekwindla, ukukhula okuncane kuqala ukuzinza, okuhamba ibanga elide ukusuka esidlekeni (70-350 km).

3. Umsila “uyiphini” langempela

Umsila wengwejeje uyalingana ngobude nengxenye eyinhloko yomzimba wayo, mude kakhulu, unoboya futhi ushubile. Uyakudinga, ngoba. lisebenza njengephini lokuqondisa lapho ligxuma lisuka kwelinye igatsha liye kwelinye, futhi lisebenza njengepharashuthi lapho liwa ngephutha.. Ngaso, angakwazi ukulinganisela futhi anyakaze ngokuzethemba esiqongweni sesihlahla. Uma i-squirrel inquma ukuphumula noma ukudla, iba yi-counterweight.

2. Bhuda kahle

Izingwejeje ziyakwazi ukubhukuda, nakuba zingathandi.. Kodwa uma kuphakama isidingo esinjalo, isibonelo, isikhukhula noma umlilo uqala, bagijimela emanzini futhi babhukude, bezama ukufinyelela ogwini. Ukuwela imifula, izingwejeje zibuthana ziyimihlambi, ziphakamise imisila yazo futhi zinqobe izithiyo zamanzi eziye zavela. Abanye babo bayaminza, abanye bafika ogwini ngokuphepha.

1. Endulo, izikhumba zabo zazisebenza njengemali

I-squirrel ibilokhu ibhekwa njengesilwane esibalulekile esinoboya. Ngokuvamile abazingeli ababezingela e-taiga yase-Urals, eSiberia, babeyizingela. AmaSlav asendulo ayesebenza kwezolimo, ukuzingela kanye nokuhweba. Okhokho bethu babethengisa uboya, ingcina, uju, i-hemp. Izimpahla ezazithandwa kakhulu zazisetshenziswa njengemali, ngokuvamile izikhumba zezingwejeje, i-sable. Ama-Furs akhokhwa intela, inkokhiso, aphetha amadili azuzisayo.