Amaqiniso ayi-10 athakazelisayo ngamaphengwini - izakhamuzi ezimelana nesithwathwa e-Antarctica

Endaweni yase-Antarctica, izinyoni ezimangalisayo ezingandizi - amaphengwini athole isiphephelo. Kuyathakazelisa ukuthi ekuqaleni bakwazi ukundiza, kodwa ngesikhathi sokuziphendukela kwemvelo balahlekelwa leli khono. Manje sebekwazi ukutshuza kahle futhi bazizwe bejabule kakhulu emanzini.

Lezi zilwane zihlanganisa izinhlobo ezingu-18, futhi zinokuthile okufanayo - zonke zingababhukudi abakhulu nabatshuzi. Inyoni edume kunazo zonke, i-emperor penguin, inyoni enkulu kunazo zonke futhi endala kunazo zonke. Ipenguin ithanda ukuhlalisana nabantu abaningi; lapho izingela futhi izalela, yakha umhlambi.

Yiqiniso, isilwane esifana nepenguin siyathakazelisa kwabaningi - ufuna ukufunda okuningi ngenyoni. Asiqhubeke nakho manje! Siphakamisa ukuthi uzijwayeze namaqiniso ayishumi athakazelisa kakhulu ngamaphengwini.

10 I-Killer whales ingenye yezitha eziyinhloko

Abamele umhlaba wezilwane bahlale benezitha, amaphengwini nawo awahlukile. Lezi zinyoni ezinhle zinezitha ezimbalwa impela: ama-seagull angabhubhisa amaqanda azo namatshwele asanda kuzalwa, izimvu zamanzi ezinoboya nezingwe, kodwa imikhomo ebulalayo ibeka ingozi enkulu kubo.

Njengomthetho, imikhomo ebulalayo izingela ama-penguin amakhulu, kodwa kuyenzeka ukuthi ayimelene nokudla ama-adels. Eminye imikhomo ebulalayo iqamekela ophengwini emhlabeni, kuyilapho abanye bebazingela emanzini. Kukhona nomqondo othokozisayo onjalo “penguin umphumela”, okusho ukwesaba ingxenye yamanzi.

9. Gcina imibhangqwana esezinzile impilo yakho yonke

Uma kukhulunywa nge-monogamy, kuhlale kunezingxabano. Omunye uthi ukushada komuntu oyedwa emhlabeni wezilwane akuyona into engaphezu kwenganekwane, akuyona into engokwemvelo, kodwa izilwane zibonisa ngesibonelo sazo ukuthi kungenzeka.

Ekhuluma ngamaphengwini, bakha ngababili iminyaka emide kakhulu. Ososayensi baze benza nocwaningo, babheka izinyoni iminyaka engu-30 besebenzisa izinhlelo zokulandela ngomkhondo ngesathelayithi. Kwavela ukuthi ama-penguin aseMagellan ahlala ezinikele komunye nomunye iminyaka eminingi, naphezu kokuthi phakathi nohambo lwasebusika kufanele ahlukaniswe.

8. Abadobi abahle kakhulu

Abadobi abaningi abayizimfundamakhwela bangenza kahle ngokufunda ubuciko bepenguin! Lezi zinyoni zidla kakhulu, ukudla kwazo kuhlanganisa: ama-squid, izinkalankala, i-krill, yiqiniso, izinhlanzi, nezinye izilwane zasolwandle. Nsuku zonke bamunca kuze kufike ku-1 kg. ukudla (kodwa lokhu kuphakathi nezinyanga zasehlobo), kanye nengxenye yesithathu yenani elibonisiwe ebusika.

Ama-penguin ayakwazi ukuzitholela ukudla kwawo, futhi akwenza ngokuphelele - ukutshuza emanzini (futhi awanakuqhathaniswa nesici samanzi!) Abamba izinhlanzi, kanye nezinye izilwane zasolwandle.. Ngokuphawulekayo, izinyoni azidli ukudla okulahliwe. Phakathi kwamaphengwini, kukhona abancamela ukudla izinhlanzi kuphela.

7. Inani leziphetho zemizwa emilenzeni lincane

Wake wazibuza ukuthi kungani amaphengwini engashisi abe yiqhwa? Futhi ikakhulukazi, izidladla zabo? Kunencazelo yalokhu. Iqiniso liwukuthi izinyoni zinezinzwa ezimbalwa emilenzeni yazo, futhi zime “njengamaphiko”.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, amaphengwini anamathambo asindayo uma kuqhathaniswa nezinye izinyoni. Ngendlela, amaphiko azo, afana namaphiko, avumela izinyoni ukuba zithuthukise isivinini esikhulu sokunyakaza ngaphansi kwamanzi - kufika ku-11 km / h.

6. U-Antonio Pigafett wawachaza “njengamahansi angavamile”

Umlobi ongumNtaliyane u-Antonio Pigafett (1492-1531) ngo-1520, ngemva kohambo ahambisana nalo noFerdinand Magellan, washiya amanothi athakazelisayo. Wafanisa ophengwini baseNingizimu Melika namahansi, yilokhu akubhala: “Amahansi ayinqaba awakwazanga ukundiza...»

Phela, kwakunguPigafett owaveza iqiniso lokuthi amaphengwini ayizilwane ezondleke kahle, futhi lokhu kwanquma kusengaphambili ukuthi aqala kanjani ukubizwa ngokuthi: ngesiLatini “amafutha” pinquis (pingvis), ngakho kwakheka “penguin”.

Phela, ngisho nangaphambi kukaPythagett, itilosi neqembu lamatilosi (ngo-1499) lasePortugal labona izinyoni, futhi omunye wabahlanganyeli wachaza amaphengwini abukwa njengezinyoni ezinkulu ezibukeka njengamahansi. Yebo, kukhona okufanayo ...

5. Amaphengwini e-Galapagos awahlali ezindaweni ezishisayo

I-Galapagos penguin ukuphela kwelungu lomndeni wepenguin elijwayele ukuhlala enyakatho nenkabazwe - e-Ecuador., futhi, omunye angase athi, iyingqayizivele phakathi kwabafowabo, ngoba yakhwela ezindaweni ezifudumele. Lapho usindiswa umsinga obandayo, owehlisa izinga lokushisa lamanzi libe emazingeni adingekayo (cishe ama-degree angu-20).

Yebo, inqwaba ihlala e-Antarctica, kodwa kukhona amaphengwini ahlala ezindaweni eziseningizimu. I-Galapagos penguin ihlukaniswa ngobukhulu bayo obuncane (encane kakhulu emndenini wePenguin) - ngokwesilinganiso, ukuphakama kwayo akudluli ku-53 cm, nesisindo sayo sifinyelela ku-2.6 kg. Abesilisa bakhulu kunabesifazane. Ukutshuza emanzini ekujuleni okungamamitha angama-30, zizingela izakhamuzi zasolwandle.

4. Openguin abanezinwele ezisagolide yibo abajwayeleke kakhulu

I-penguin enezinwele ezisagolide (ebizwa nangokuthi "i-crested" noma "rocky") inesici esithakazelisayo ngokubukeka (ngendlela, ngenxa yokuthi yathola igama layo) - inomthunzi okhanyayo womthunzi wesici ekhanda layo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ipenguin enezinwele ezisagolide inamashiya akhangayo anombala ophuzi agcina etshakaza, nezimpaphe ezimnyama emqhele.

Lezi zilwane ezi-perky zingaqhudelana nezinye izinhlobo ngedatha yazo yangaphandle. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ngokwemibandela yokufunda, ziyizidalwa ezihlekisayo nezithakazelisa kakhulu. I-crested penguin ithathwa njengekhanga kakhulu futhi evamile phakathi kwezinye izinhlobo zezilwane..

3. Amapenguin asePapuan ashesha kakhulu

Ama-penguin aziwa ngokuthi athambile kakhulu emanzini. I-Papuan (eyaziwa nangokuthi "i-Subantarctic") ibhekwa njengenkulu kunazo zonke, kodwa kuphela ngemva kobukhosi nombuso. Ngaphezu kwalokho, libuye esheshayo! Njengoba ingaphansi kwamanzi, ikhula ngesivinini esifinyelela ku-36 km/h.

Nokho, i-penguin enkulu, ijubane layo liyancipha ngenxa yokwanda kokumelana nekholomu yamanzi. Isibonelo, ukubhukuda kwasebukhosini noma kwe-antarctic ngesivinini esingu-8,5 km / h. Kwesinye isikhathi le penguin ibizwa nangokuthi "i-brush-tailed", ngoba umsila wayo uqukethe inani elikhulu lezimpaphe.

2. Amaphengwini asezindaweni ezibandayo yiwona amelana kakhulu nesithwathwa

Amaphengwini yizilwane zasolwandle eziqinile. Izimpaphe ezikhethekile kanye nongqimba lwamafutha olujiyile akuzivumeli lezi zilwane ezimangalisayo ukuba zibe yiqhwa.

Ngakho-ke, i-king penguin, isibonelo, ikwazi ukumelana namazinga okushisa afinyelela ku -60°C, kanti amaphengwini ahlala eSouth Pole (lapho iningi lawo litholakala khona) aphila ngaphansi kwezimo zokushisa eziphansi, ezifinyelela ku -80°C. Bagoqane ukuze bafudumale. Ngokuthakazelisayo, ngale ndlela, emihlambini, izinga lokushisa lifinyelela + 30 ° C! Amaphengwini asezindaweni ezibandayo yiwona amelana kakhulu nesithwathwa.

1. Ama-Emperor penguin amakhulu kunawo wonke

Abamele amaPenguin bahlukaniswa ngobuhle babo, ubuciko kanye nezici ezithakazelisayo. Siyazi ngezinhlobo eziningi zamaphengwini, futhi kusukela esihlokweni esesivele sikuqondile lokho imperial - uhlobo olukhulu kunazo zonke. Uma ifinyelela ekuphakameni kwayo okugcwele, ukuphakama kwayo kungamamitha angu-1,1, kwenzeka ukuthi abesilisa bawele lo mugqa wedijithali, bafinyelele kumamitha angu-1,3.

Isisindo esijwayelekile se-emperor penguin singama-36,7 kg, kodwa abesifazane banesisindo esincane - 28,4 kg. I-emperor penguin inyoni enkulu kunazo zonke futhi endala, okuthakazelisayo - ekuhunyushweni kusuka kusiGreki sasendulo, igama labo lisho "umtshuzi ongenamaphiko". Batshuza bajule ngempela futhi bazizwe benethezekile emanzini.