Lapho kuhlala khona izimfudu: indawo yokuhlala olwandle nezimfudu zasemhlabeni endle

Izimfudu zihlala kokubili emazwenikazi nasemanzini asogwini azigezayo, kanye nasolwandle oluvulekile. Indawo yokusabalalisa yalezi zilwane inkulu kakhulu - zitholakala yonke indawo emhlabeni nasezilwandle, ngaphandle kogu lwase-Antarctica nasenyakatho-mpumalanga ye-Eurasia. Ngakho-ke, kumephu, indawo okuhlala kuyo ingamelwa njengomugqa obanzi ukusuka cishe kumadigri angama-55 ukuya ku-45 degrees eningizimu.

Imingcele yobubanzi

Ngokuya ngokuthi izimfudu zitholakala kuphi, zingahlukaniswa zibe izigaba ezi-2:

1. Osolwandle - izindawo zabo zokuhlala zihluke kakhulu: lawa amanzi olwandle.
2. I-Ground - yona ihlukaniswe ngamaqembu ama-2:

a. I-Terestrial - Bahlala emhlabeni kuphela.

b. Amanzi ahlanzekile - hlala emanzini (imifula, amachibi, amachibi, emanzini angemuva).

Ngokuyisisekelo, izimfudu ziyizilwane ezithanda ukushisa, ngakho-ke zivame kuphela ezindaweni ezishisayo, ezishisayo nezipholile. Zingatholakala kuwo wonke amazwekazi ngaphandle kwe-Antarctica. Izilwane zihlala emazweni amaningi:

• e-Afrika, izimfudu zitholakala yonke indawo;
• endaweni yaseNyakatho Melika, zisakazwa ikakhulukazi e-USA nasemazweni ebhande le-equatorial;
• eNingizimu Melika - kuwo wonke amazwe ngaphandle kweChile naseningizimu ye-Argentina;
• e-Eurasia yonke indawo, ngaphandle kweGreat Britain, eScandinavia, iningi laseRussia, China kanye neNhlonhlo Yase-Arabia;
• e-Australia yonke indawo, ngaphandle kwengxenye emaphakathi yezwekazi neNew Zealand.

Ekhaya, lezi zilwane zifuywa yonke indawo: ufudu luhlala kunoma yiliphi izwekazi ekuthunjweni, inqobo nje uma izinga lokushisa elijwayelekile, umswakama kanye nokudla kunikezwa. Kodwa-ke, isikhathi sokuphila ekhaya sihlala sincane kunendawo yemvelo.

Izindawo ezihlala izimfudu

Umndeni wezimfudu zomhlaba uhlanganisa izinhlobo ezingama-57. Cishe zonke zitholakala ezindaweni ezivulekile ezinesimo sezulu esipholile noma esishisayo - lezi yizi:

• I-Afrika;
• E-Asia;
• IYurophu yaseNingizimu;
• ENyakatho, Ephakathi naseNingizimu Melika.

Izilwane eziningi zihlala emathafeni, ezingwadule, emathafeni noma kuma-savannah. Ezinye izinhlobo zithanda izindawo ezinomswakama, ezinomthunzi - zihlala emahlathini ashisayo. Izimfudu zithanda isimo sezulu esipholile nesishisayo. Esimweni sokuqala, babona ngokucacile inkathi yonyaka futhi bangena ebusika ebusika. Esimweni sesibili, izilwane ezihuquzelayo zihlala zisebenza phakathi naso sonke isikhathi futhi azikaze zilungiselele ubusika.

Abanye abameleli abavamile bezimfudu zomhlaba zihlanganisa lezi zinhlobo ezilandelayo:

Ufudu oluvamile lomhlaba, oluvame ukuzalaniswa eRussia ekhaya, luwuhlobo lwase-Asia Ephakathi. Ngokwemvelo, lezi zimfudu zomhlaba zihlala kulezi zifunda ezilandelayo:

• I-Asia Ephakathi;
• izifunda eziseningizimu yeKazakhstan;
• izifunda ezisenyakatho-mpumalanga ye-Iran;
• eNdiya nasePakistan;
• I-Afghanistan.

Itholakala kakhulu emathafeni, kodwa ufudu lwase-Asia Ephakathi lungatholakala ngisho nasezintabeni endaweni ephakeme nje eyi-1 km. Naphezu kokusabalala okukhulu kwalesi silwane esihuquzelayo, muva nje besivame ukuhlaselwa ngokuzingela ngokungemthetho, ngakho-ke sesivele sisohlwini lwe-Red Book.

Uhlu lwezimfudu zasemanzini ahlanzekile

Lezi zimfudu emvelweni zihlala kuphela emanzini anamanzi ahlanzekile anamanzi ahlanzekile uma kuqhathaniswa - emifuleni, emachibini noma emachibini. Emkhayeni wamanzi ahlanzekile, kunezinhlobo ezingu-77 zezimfudu ezihlukene ezinobukhulu ukusuka kwabancane kuya kwabaphakathi. Bangama-amphibians eqiniso, ngoba bayakwazi ukuhlala isikhathi eside hhayi emanzini kuphela, kodwa nasemhlabeni. Izimfudu ezidume kakhulu yilezi:

I-bog turtle ihlala eCentral naseNingizimu Yurophu, eMedithera naseNyakatho Afrika. Itholakala naseRussia - izifunda zaseNyakatho Caucasus naseCrimea. Ukhetha imifula emincane namachibi athule, amanzi angemuva anephansi elinodaka, lapho ungamba khona ubusika. Lesi isilwane esithanda ukushisa esihlala ebusika emanzini angashisi amaqhwa. Eningizimu yeYurophu nasenyakatho ye-Afrika, isilwane esihuquzelayo sihlala sisebenza unyaka wonke.

Izimfudu ezinamadlebe abomvu zihlala emvelweni eNyakatho naseNingizimu Melika:

• USESE;
• ECanada;
• amazwe ebhande lenkabazwe;
• enyakatho yeVenezuela;
• I-Colombia

Uhlobo lwe-Cayman luhlala e-USA kanye nasemingceleni eseningizimu yeCanada, futhi lesi silwane esihuquzelayo asitholakali kwezinye izindawo. Ufudu olupendiwe luhlala endaweni efanayo.

Zihlala kuphi izimfudu zasolwandle

Ufudu lwasolwandle luhlala emanzini anosawoti olwandle olwandle - kokubili endaweni esogwini naselwandle oluvulekile. Lo mndeni unezinhlobo eziningana, phakathi kwazo ezidume kakhulu izimfudu:

Indawo yokuhlala eyinhloko amazwekazi ageza izilwandle ezishisayo neziqhingi ngazinye. Ngokuvamile izimfudu zasolwandle zihlala emanzini afudumele avulekile noma emanzini asogwini. Bona, njengezinhlobo zamanzi ahlanzekile, bachitha ingxenye enkulu yokuphila kwabo emanzini. Nokho, zifika ogwini minyaka yonke zizobekela amaqanda ogwini olunesihlabathi sasendle.

Ufudu lwasolwandle oluluhlaza (olubizwa nangokuthi i-soup turtle) luhlala ezindaweni ezishisayo nasezindaweni ezishisayo olwandle olwandle lwe-Pacific kanye ne-Atlantic. Lolu uhlobo olukhulu kakhulu - umuntu ufinyelela ku-1,5 m ubude, futhi afinyelele ku-500 kg ngesisindo. Njengoba indawo yalolu fudu lwasolwandle ivame ukuhlangana nezindawo zabantu, ukuzingela kuyahlelwa ukuze kutholwe inyama emnandi. Ngakho-ke, eminyakeni yamuva nje, ukuzingela lolu hlobo lwezilwane akuvunyelwe cishe kuwo wonke amazwe.

Izimfudu zihlala ezindaweni eziningi zemvelo ngaphandle kwe-tundra ne-taiga. Emagqumeni atholakala endaweni ephakeme ye-1-1,5 km, ekujuleni kolwandle awavamile. Bakhetha ukuhlala eduze nendawo ukuze bahlale bekwazi ukufinyelela emoyeni. Njengoba lezi kuyizilwane ezihuquzelayo ezithanda ukushisa, isici esiyinhloko esinciphisa ukusatshalaliswa kwazo izinga lokushisa. Ngakho-ke, esimweni sezulu esibi saseRussia nakwamanye amazwe asenyakatho, ngokuvamile atholakala kuphela ekuthunjweni.