Odinga ukukwazi ngezinyosi: ukubusa esidlekeni nokuthi abantu ngabanye baphila isikhathi esingakanani

Ama-apiolog ahlukanisa izinhlobo zezinyosi ezingaba yizinkulungwane ezingama-21. Bayinzalo yeminyovu edla inyama. Ngokunokwenzeka, baye bayeka ukudla ezinye izinhlobo zezinambuzane, sebedle ngokuphindaphindiwe abantu abahlukahlukene abagcwele impova.

Ukuziphendukela kwemvelo okufanayo kwenzeka eminyakeni eyizigidi eziyi-100 edlule. Lokhu kufakazela izinsalela ezitholakele zezinyosi. Le nsalela yayinemilenze efana nezilwane ezidla ezinye, kodwa ukuba khona koboya obuningi kubonisa ukuthi izinambuzane ezithwala impova.

Inqubo yokukhipha impova yayikhona kudala ngaphambi kokuvela kwezinyosi. Izitshalo ezithuthwa impova izimvemvane, amabhungane nezimpukane. Kodwa izinyosi zabonakala zishesha kakhulu futhi zisebenza kahle kule ndaba.

Manje izinyosi zingahlala cishe yonke indawo ngaphandle kwe-Antarctica. Bazijwayele ukuze badle kokubili umpe kanye nempova. I-Nectar igcwalisa imithombo yamandla, futhi impova iqukethe zonke izakhi ezidingekayo. Amapheya amabili amaphiko anobukhulu obuhlukene (elingaphambili likhudlwana kancane) linikeza izinyosi ikhono lokundiza ngokukhululeka nangokushesha.

Izinhlobonhlobo ezincane kunazo zonke yi-dwarf. Ihlala e-Indonesia futhi ifinyelela usayizi ofika ku-39mm. Inyosi evamile ikhula ibe ngu-2mm.

Ukungcola

Izinyosi zingelinye lamaqembu amakhulu ama-pollinator. Badlala indima ebalulekile ekusakazeni impova kwezitshalo. Bagxila kukho kokubili ukuqoqa umpe nokuqoqa impova. Kodwa impova iletha umphumela omkhulu kakhulu. Ukuze abancele umpe, bona sebenzisa i-proboscis ende.

Umzimba wonke wenyosi umbozwe i-electrostatic villi, lapho impova inamathela khona. Ngezikhathi ezithile, baqoqa impova kubo ngosizo lwamabhulashi emilenzeni yabo bese beyisa kubhasikidi wempova ophakathi kwemilenze yabo yangemuva. Kuxutshwa impova nompe bese kwakheka into ebukekayo enyakazela ekhekhebeni lezinyosi. Amaqanda abekwa phezu kwalokhu, namaseli ayavalwa. Ngakho-ke, abantu abadala kanye nezibungu zabo abaxhumani nganoma iyiphi indlela.

izingozi ezicashile

1. Isitha esikhulu izinyoni ezibamba izinambuzane ngisho nasempukaneni.
2. Ezimbalini ezinhle, ingozi nayo ilindele. Izimbungulu ze-Triatomine nezicabucabu eziseceleni komgwaqo zizobamba futhi zidle umenzi woju onemigqa.
3. Izidakamizwa ezisetshenziselwa ukuqeda izinambuzane eziyingozi ziyingozi kakhulu kuma-pollinator anemigqa.

Inyosi iphila isikhathi esingakanani futhi incike kuphi

Lo mbuzo awukwazi ukuphendulwa ngokungananazi, futhi kufanelekile ukucabangela uhlobo ngalunye lwezinyosi ngokwehlukana.

Uphila isikhathi esingakanani umama?

Isibeletho sihlala impilo ende kakhulu. Abanye abantu ababalulekile baphila iminyaka engu-6, kodwa yilabo kuphela lapho kuvela khona inzalo eminingi ngonyaka. Njalo ngonyaka indlovukazi izalela amaqanda ambalwa nambalwa. Isibeletho sivame ukushintshwa njalo eminyakeni emi-2.

I-drone ihlala isikhathi esingakanani?

Ama-drones avela entwasahlobo. Kudlula amasonto amabili ngaphambi kokuba bathombe. Ngemva kokufaka isibeletho, owesilisa uyafa ngokushesha. Ama-drones asinda futhi angazange avundise isibeletho aphila kwaze kwaba sekwindla. Kodwa azidalelwe ukuphila isikhathi eside: izinyosi eziyizisebenzi zikhipha ama-drones esidlekeni ukuze zonge ukudla. Akuvamile ukwenzeka lokho indiza ezindizayo iyasinda ebusika esidlekeni. Lokhu kungenzeka emndenini lapho singekho khona isibeletho noma inyumba.

Futhi kuvela ukuthi: ama-drones amaningi ahlala amasonto amabili kuphela, amanye aphila cishe unyaka wonke.

Inyosi eyisisebenzi iphila isikhathi esingakanani

Impilo yenyosi eyisisebenzi incike esikhathini sokubukeka kwayo. I-spring brood iphila izinsuku ezingu-30-35, ngoJuni owodwa - akukho ngaphezu kwe-30. I-brood evele ngesikhathi sokuqoqwa kwezinyosi iphila ngaphansi kwezinsuku ezingu-28. Ama-long-liver angabantu basekwindla. Kudingeka baphile kuze kube yintwasahlobo, balinde isikhathi soju. Esimweni sezulu saseSiberia, lesi sikhathi singabambezeleka izinyanga ezingama-6-7.

Emakoloni angenawo ama-brood, izinyosi zezisebenzi zingaphila kuze kube unyaka owodwa ubudala.

ubudlelwano bee

Lezi izinambuzane zihleleke kakhulu. Ukufuna ukudla, amanzi kanye nendawo yokuhlala bakukhiqiza ndawonye. Zibuye zizivikele ezitheni sezihlangene. Esidlekeni ngasinye senza umsebenzi walo. Bonke bafaka isandla ekwakhiweni kwamakhekheba ezinyosi, banakekele abasha kanye nesibeletho.

Izinyosi zihlukaniswe izigaba ezimbili ngokwenhlangano yazo:

1. ingxenye yomphakathi. Imele iqembu lapho kukhona ukwehlukana kwabasebenzi.
2. Esidlangalaleni. Iqembu liqukethe umama namadodakazi akhe, ukuhlukaniswa kwemisebenzi kuyagcinwa. Enhlanganweni enjalo kukhona isigaba esithile sabaphathi: umama ubizwa ngokuthi indlovukazi, futhi amadodakazi akhe abizwa ngokuthi izisebenzi.

Eqenjini, inyosi ngayinye yenza umsebenzi wayo. Indawo yobungcweti incike eminyakeni yomuntu ngamunye. 3-4 izinsuku zokuphila inyosi yesisebenzi isivele isiqala ukuhlanza amaseli lapho yona ngokwayo isanda kuvela khona. Ngemva kwezinsuku ezimbalwa, izindlala zakhe zikhiqiza i-royal jelly. Futhi kukhona "ukuthuthukisa". Manje sekufanele ondle izibungu. Ngezikhathi lapho engasenakudla, uyaqhubeka nokuhlanza nokunakekela isidleke.

Imisebenzi yabahlengikazi ihlanganisa ukunakekela isibeletho. Baphinde baphakele indlovukazi nge-royal jelly, bayigeze futhi bayixube izinwele zayo. Umthwalo wemfanelo wezinyosi ezincane ezingaba yishumi ukuqapha ukuphepha nokunethezeka kwendlovukazi. Phela, inqobo nje uma ephephile futhi ephilile, ukuhleleka okuphelele kubusa ekoloni.

Lapho inyosi ifinyelela amasonto amabili ubudala, ukuguqulwa kokukhethekile kwenzeka futhi. Lesi sinambuzane siba umakhi futhi ngeke siphinde sibuyele emisebenzini yakhe yakudala. Izindlala ze-waxy ziyakhula ngemva kwamasonto amabili ephila. Manje inyosi izobe isisebenza ekulungiseni amakhekheba amadala kanye nokwakhiwa kwezintsha. Naye futhi wamukela uju ezinyosini ezifuna ukudla, ayibuyisele kabusha, ayifake esitokisini futhi ayivale ngengcina.

Kukhona futhi okuthiwa izinyosi zodwa. Leli gama lisikisela ukuba khona eqenjini lohlobo olulodwa kuphela lwezinsikazi, ezizalanisa futhi zinikeze inzalo yazo ukudla. Abanalo uhlaka oluhlukene lwabasebenzi. Izinambuzane ezinjalo azikhiqizi uju noma ingcina. Kodwa inzuzo yabo enkulu ukuthi bahlaba kuphela ezimweni zokuzivikela.

Izinhlobo ezizimele zihlomisa izidleke emhlabathini noma ezihlangeni zomhlanga. Njengezinye izinhlobo zezinyosi, ezinsikazi zodwa azinandaba nenzalo yazo, zigada kuphela indawo yokungena esidlekeni. Amaduna azalwa ngaphambi kwesikhathi, futhi lapho abesifazane bezalwa, basuke sebelungele ukukhwelana.

Izinyosi ezinamagciwane

Laba bantu ukweba ukudla kwezinye izilwane kanye nezinambuzane. Abamele leli qembu abanazo izinto zokuqoqa impova, futhi abazihleleli izidleke zabo. Bona, njengama- cuckoo, babekela amaqanda abo emakhekhebeni oju lwabanye abantu, kuyilapho bebhubhisa izibungu zabanye abantu. Kunezimo lapho umndeni we-kleptoparasite ubulala abanikazi besidleke kanye nendlovukazi yabo, ubhubhisa zonke izibungu zabo futhi ubeke amaqanda abo.