Iyini isicabucabu se-karakurt futhi kungani kufanele usabe

Abaningi babheka inyoka njengesidalwa esicashile nesiyingozi kunazo zonke emhlabeni. Nokho, emhlabeni wethu kukhona isicabucabu esincane esiluma ubuthi obuphindwe izikhathi ezingu-15 kunokulunywa yinyoka. Lena i-karakurt, ebhekwa njengenye yezicabucabu ezinobuthi kakhulu emhlabeni, ngakho-ke kufanelekile ukukwazi kangcono.

Iyini i-karakurt yesicabucabu

Igama lesicabucabu lihunyushwa ngokuthi "kara" (omnyama) kanye "kurt" (worm). Ngolimi lwesiKalmyk, i-karakurt izwakala kanje "Umfelokazi omnyama". Leli gama liyazithethelela ngokugcwele. Into ewukuthi ngemva kokukhwelana, izicabucabu zidla abalingani bazo, futhi lokhu kwenzeka ngomnumzane ngamunye olandelayo.

Abesifazane bahluke kakhulu kwabesilisa. Isilinganiso sobukhulu besicabucabu singu-10-20 mm, kanti owesilisa ngokuvamile mncane kakhulu, kuphela 4-7 mm. Zimnyama ngombala namachashazi abomvu ayishumi nantathu ohlangothini olungaphezulu lwesisu. Yilezi zindawo eziwuphawu lwazo. Kuyathakazelisa ukuthi lapho kufika isikhathi sokuthomba, la mabala angase anyamalale.

Izicabucabu ze-Karakurt "zinesikhali samakhemikhali" esinamandla kakhulu - ushevu. Bayidinga ukuze bazingele izinambuzane ezihlukahlukene. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ngosizo lwayo, babhubhisa izilwane ze-steppe, isibonelo, ama-squirrels aphansi, lapho emigodini yabo baqala ukusonta iwebhu yabo. Uma bengaphazanyiswa, ngeke bahlasele, kodwa uma kwenzeka ingozi baqala ukuhlasela ngaso leso sikhathi.

habitat

Kaningi lesi sicabucabu ingatholakala ezindaweni ezilandelayo:

• Izindawo eziwugwadule zaseKazakhstan.
• Izitebhisi zesifunda sase-Astrakhan.
• E-Asia Ephakathi.
• I-Afghanistan.
• I-Iran.
• Amabhange e-Yenisei.
• Ugu lwaseMedithera.
• ENingizimu Yurophu.
• ENyakatho Afrika.
• eCrimea.
• Isifunda soLwandle Olumnyama.

Kunamacala aziwayo okutholakala kwawo eningizimu ye-Urals, ezindaweni ezisemngceleni weKazakhstan. Izicabucabu zaqala ukutholakala e-Azerbaijan, kanye nasesifundeni saseRostov. Uma isimo sezulu sishisa kakhulu, ama-karakurts angathuthela ezindaweni ezisenyakatho, isibonelo, emadolobheni. Angaphinde atholakale ezindaweni eziphakeme, kodwa ahlala lapho kuphela kuze kube sekuqaleni kobusika. Izimo ezikahle zokuphila kwabo ihlobo elishisayo nekwindla efudumele.

AmaKarakurt ahlala ikakhulukazi emaqeleni, emiseleni, emaxhaphozini kasawoti, emithambekeni yemihosha, emizaneni engasasebenzi. Baluka iwebhu emifantwini yomhlaba, emigodini, emigodini yamagundane, lapho ngoJulayi-August banamathisela imifece ngokubeka amaqanda. Ngemva kwesonto, ama-spiderlings achanyuselwa emaqandeni, nokho, entwasahlobo elandelayo kuphela aqala ukukhasa ephuma emfeceni. Izinga lokushisa lomoya ngalesi sikhathi lifinyelela ku-30 ​​degrees. Ekwindla, bonke abameleli abadala be-karakurt bayafa.

Lezi zicabucabu zidla ama-hedgehog, iminyovu namabhungane abagibeli. Imihlambi yezimvu ivame ukunyathela izintambo zayo.

Ukukhiqiza

Izicabucabu ze-Karakurt ziningi kakhulu futhi njalo eminyakeni emi-10-12 ukukhula kwawo okusheshayo kuyabonakala. Ukuze izalele amaqanda, insikazi iphotha ulwembu emifantwini yenhlabathi, emigodini enamagundane, kanye nasendleleni yokukhipha umoya. Izicabucabu zichitha ubusika ku-cocoon, futhi ziphuma kuwo ngo-April. NgoJuni, izicabucabu zivuthwa ngokocansi. Lapho nje isimo sezulu esishisayo siqala, ama-karakurt aqala ukubheka izindawo zokukhosela zokukhwelana. Khona-ke ezinsikazi ziqala ukufuna izindawo zokubekela amaqanda.

Iyini ingozi yokulunywa kwekarakurt

Ezinobuthi kakhulu abesifazane abavuthiwe ngokocansi, futhi abesilisa abakwazi ukuluma ngesikhumba somuntu. NgoJulayi-Agasti, ukuphakama komsebenzi wesicabucabu kwenzeka, lapho ukufuduka kwabesifazane kuqala. Ubuthi bazo buqine izikhathi ezingu-15 kunobenyoka enesihlungu kakhulu. Zinyakaza ngokukhulu ukushesha, futhi zingahlasela zingabonakali.

Abesifazane abaqali ukuhlasela. Lokhu kwenzeka kuphela uma echotshoziwe ngephutha, futhi yena, ezivikela, angaluma. Ngokuvamile lokhu kwenzeka ebusuku ngesikhathi sokuzijabulisa kwangaphandle, kancane kancane phakathi nosuku.

Lapho isicabucabu silunywe khona kuqala kuvela ichashaza elincane elibomvukodwa liyanyamalala ngokushesha okukhulu. Ukuluma ngokwayo akubuhlungu kakhulu, noma kunjalo, lapho ubuthi buqala ukusebenza, kukhona ubuhlungu obukhulu kule ndawo. Umuntu unenjabulo eqinile engqondweni, umbozwe ukwethuka nokwesaba ukufa, imihuzuko kanye nokuqunjelwa. Izisulu ezinenhliziyo egulayo zingase zingakwazi ukubekezelela isimo esinjalo.

Ngemuva kwemizuzu engu-10-15, kunezinhlungu ezinzima kakhulu esiswini, esifubeni nasemhlane ophansi, imilenze iqala ukususwa. Kukhona ukuhlanza, ikhanda kanye nesiyezi. Ubuso buba yi-cyanotic, i-pulse iqala ukunciphisa futhi i-arrhythmia ivela, amaprotheni avela emchameni. Ngemva kwalokho, isiguli ukukhathala kwenzekaNokho, ubuhlungu obukhulu bumenza angakhululeki. Ngemva kwezinsuku ezingu-5, ukuqubuka kuvela esikhumbeni, futhi isimo sithuthuka kancane. Ukubuyiselwa kokugcina kwenzeka ngemva kwamasonto angu-3, ​​kungakapheli inyanga isiguli asishiyi ubuthakathaka.

Ukwelashwa

Uma ungezi ukuhlenga ngesikhathi esifanele, isisulu singase sife.

• Ngokushesha lapho ukuluma kwenzeka, ungakwazi shisa le ndawo ngogwayi noma ngomentshisi. Okubaluleke kakhulu, lokhu kufanele kwenziwe phakathi nemizuzu emibili yokulunywa. Ubuthi abukakabi naso isikhathi sokumuncwa, futhi ukushisisa kuyawuqeda. Le ndlela isiza kahle endaweni ekude, lapho kuzothatha isikhathi eside kakhulu ukulinda usizo lwezokwelapha.
• Ukwelashwa okuphumelelayo kakhulu i-anti-karakurt serum, okufanele iphathwe nge-intramuscularly ngokushesha ngangokunokwenzeka. Ngemuva kwalokho, izimpawu ziyancipha, futhi emva kwezinsuku ezingu-3-4 zokuthola kabusha kwenzeka.
• Ukuhlikihla ngotshwala, ama-enemas asiza kahle.
• Umuntu ohlukunyezwayo kufanele anikezwe amanzi noma itiye elifudumele ukuze aphuze, kodwa kancane kancane, ngoba ukulunywa kwandisa ukuphuma komchamo.
• Kuyadingeka ukujova ngomthambo i-10-12 ml ye-ethanol engu-33% njalo emahoreni angama-5-6.
• Ukuze unciphise ubuhlungu, kunconywa ukujova ama-painkillers, isibonelo, i-analgin, i-diphenhydramine, i-ketanol.
• Ungenza futhi ukumnika nge-intravenous isisombululo se-2-3% se-potanganum permanganate.

Ngenhlanhla, ukufa ngenxa yokulunywa kwesicabucabu se-karakurt akuvamile.

Prevention

Isicabucabu se-karakurt singahlala emahlathini amahlathi, amapaki, izikwele, izindlu zasehlobo. Yingakho, lapho uhamba, kuyadingeka bheka izinyathelo zokuphepha ezilandelayo:

• Uma izicabucabu ezinjalo zaziwa ukuthi zihlala endaweni, kungcono ukungalali obala.
• Ukuthintana kwezindawo zokulala ezinezindonga zangaphakathi zamatende kufanele kugwenywe.
• Uma kuba nesidingo sokuma ukuze ume noma ubusuku bonke, kufanele uhlole ngokucophelela insimu.
• Uma imigodi noma imigodi ngaphansi kwamatshe itholakala lapho izicabucabu zingahlala khona, kufanele zimbozwe ngomhlaba.
• Izingubo kufanele zibe nemikhono emide, futhi ikhanda kufanele limbozwe ngesikhafu noma esinye isigqoko.
• Uma unobusuku etendeni, udinga ukuhlola ngokucophelela indawo yokulala ngaphambi kokulala, kanye nesikhwama, izingubo nezicathulo, lapho izicabucabu ze-karakurt zingangena khona.
• Kungcono ukusebenzisa i-canopy, uyifake ngaphansi kombhede.
• Ama-grooves amancane angenziwa azungeze itende.
• Gqoka njalo izicathulo ezizovikela izinyawo zakho ekulunyweni okunobuthi.
• Uma kungazelelwe isicabucabu se-karakurt sitholakala ezingutsheni, awukwazi ukusicindezela noma ukusithatha. Kungcono ukuyiwisa phansi ngokuchofoza nje noma ukuvele uyinyakazise phansi.

Isiphetho

Kusukela ekulunyweni kwezicabucabu ze-karakurt kakhulu zonke izinto eziphilayo ziyahlupheka, futhi amahhashi namakamela cishe ayafa njalo. Lapho lezi zicabucabu ziqala ukuzala okujulile, ukufuywa kwezilwane kuba nokulahlekelwa okukhulu ngenxa yokulahlekelwa okukhulu kwemfuyo. Kungakho, ukubhubhisa izicabucabu ze-karakurt, inhlabathi ifafazwa nge-hexachloran nezinye ubuthi.

Kufanele kube njalo thatha izinyathelo zokuphephalapho kudingekile ukuphuma uye emvelweni ezindaweni lapho izicabucabu ze-karakurt zivame kakhulu. Uma ulunywa, usizo lokuqala kufanele lunikezwe ngokushesha futhi ngokushesha uxhumane nesikhungo sezokwelapha.