Ama-sturgeon ayi-10 aphezulu kakhulu emhlabeni

Umndeni wama-sturgeon uthathwa njengohlobo lwezinhlanzi ezibalulekile. Ngokusho kososayensi, isizukulwane sokuqala savela eminyakeni eyizigidi ezingu-80 edlule - esikhathini sangaphambi komlando. Kancane kancane, ngenxa yomsebenzi womuntu, inani labantu liya lincipha, ngakho-ke izinhlanzi eziningi zomndeni "we-sturgeon" zivikelekile ngokuqinile.

Ama-sturgeon, anezinhlobo ezingaphezu kuka-20, akhetha amanzi anosawoti, amanzi olwandle impilo yonke, kodwa akhetha ukuzala emanzini ahlanzekile. Zibuye zibe nokubukeka kwesici - umzimba wazo zonke izinhlanzi zeqembu elithi "sturgeon" unwetshiwe, futhi isisindo esijwayelekile salezi zakhamuzi zasolwandle olujulile sifinyelela ku-200 kg!

Sikulethela ama-sturgeon angu-10 amakhulu kakhulu emhlabeni.

10 I-Sterlet

Isisindo somuntu omdala: Ama-20 kg.

Ukuba khona komphetho ezintini yikho okuhlukanisayo I-Sterlet kubafowabo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ufinyelela ukuthomba ngaphambi kwesikhathi kunabanye. Uthanda amanzi ahlanzekile impilo yonke, uthanda ukudla ama-leeches, izibungu, kanye nama-invertebrates, kancane kancane - izinhlanzi zithosa.

Njengomthetho, ubukhulu bomuntu omdala abukho ngaphezu kwama-25 kg. Ihlala olwandle i-Baltic, Black, Caspian kanye ne-Azov.

I-sterlet iyahluka ngombala kuye ngokuthi ikuphi, kodwa umbala wayo oyinhloko usengahlukaniswa - ingemuva elimpunga kanye nesisu esiphuzi ngokukhanyayo. I-Sterlet inekhala elibukhali futhi inekhala elicijile. Inesici sezimpondo ezinde, ngaphezu kwalokho, inhlanzi inekhala elihehayo elide, njengoba ubona esithombeni.

9. i-sturgeon emhlophe

Isisindo somuntu omdala: Ama-20 kg.

White (Aka Californian) i-sturgeon inomumo ozacile futhi obude. Akanazo izikali, njengazo zonke izinhlanzi “ze-sturgeon”. Ezimweni ze-amateur, abantu abangafika ku-20 kg bahamba phambili, kodwa ama-specimens amakhulu ayatholakala.

I-sturgeon yaseCalifornia ikhetha imifudlana egeleza kancane. I-Sturgeon emhlophe iyinhlanzi engezansi, idla futhi iphila ekujuleni okukhulu. Ukudoba okungalawuleki kuholele ekutheni isibalo sama-sturgeon ezindaweni ezimaphakathi sehle ngo-70%. Ohulumeni base-US kanye naseCanada bathatha izinyathelo zokubuyisela isibalo sama-sturgeon.

8. I-sturgeon yaseRussia

Isisindo somuntu omdala: Ama-25 kg.

Ngeshwa, I-sturgeon yaseRussia sekusondele ukushabalala. Ihlala emifuleni emikhulu, isibonelo, iKuban neVolga (izalela khona), kanye nasezilwandle: iCaspian, Black and Azov.

Izikelemu nama-crustaceans kuwukudla kwe-sturgeon yaseRussia, futhi ayilokothi yenqabe ukudla izinhlanzi. Isisu sakhe silula, futhi izinhlangothi zimpunga, umhlane kuwo wonke umzimba uyingxenye emnyama kakhulu.

Endaweni yemvelo, ummeleli we-"sturgeon" angazalanisa ne-sterlet noma i-stellate sturgeon. Kulula ukuqonda ukuthi yiziphi izinhlobo zale nhlanzi, izimpondo ze-sturgeon azikhuli eduze nomlomo, kodwa eduze nekhala, ngaphezu kwalokho, kwenzeka ukuthi isisindo somuntu omdala sifinyelela ku-120 kg.

Iqiniso elihehayo: lapho i-sturgeon enkulu ibanjwe eVolga - yafinyelela ubude obuyi-7 m 80 cm, futhi inesisindo esingaba ngu-1440 kg!

7. I-Adriatic sturgeon

Isisindo somuntu omdala: Ama-25 kg.

I-Adriatic sturgeon ungowohlobo lwezinhlobo ezingandile nezingafundiwe. Okwamanje, kuyivelakancane kakhulu endaweni yoLwandle i-Adriatic, lezi zinhlobo cishe seziphelile, ngakho-ke zifakwe ohlwini lwe-IUCN Red List.

Izikhungo zikahulumeni zizama ukubuyisela isibalo sabantu. I-Adriatic sturgeon yachazwa okokuqala ngo-1836 isazi sezinto eziphilayo saseFrance uCharles Lucien Bonaparte (1803-1857).

Olwandle, ihlala ekujuleni okungafika ku-40 m, inamathela ezingxenyeni zangaphambi komfula we-rivulets. Ubude obuningi oburekhodiwe be-sturgeon ye-Adriatic babungama-200 cm, kanti isisindo sasingu-25 kg. Ukudla kwezinhlanzi kuhlanganisa izinhlanzi ezincane kanye nezilwane ezingenamgogodla.

6. i-sturgeon eluhlaza

Isisindo somuntu omdala: Ama-25 kg.

i-sturgeon eluhlaza (ngaphandle kwalokho iPacific) - omunye wabameleli abakhulu bezinhlanzi ze "sturgeon" eNyakatho Melika. Lapho eneminyaka engu-18, i-sturgeon isivele inesisindo esingama-25 kg. Ibonakala ngokukhula okusheshayo, kanye neminyaka yokuphila kweminyaka engama-60.

Lolu hlobo lwaziwa kancane, ngaphezu kwalokho, kuze kube muva nje, ososayensi balubheka njengolungasekho. Ngempela yonakaliswa yimpucuko, kodwa, kufanelekile ukujabula, i-sturgeon iyaphila futhi iyaqhubeka nokulwa!

E-Russia, i-sturgeon eluhlaza ijwayelekile eSakhalin, kanye nasePrimorye. Ivame ukutholakala emfuleni iDatta. Ikhala lakhe liqondile futhi lide. Ingemuva ngokuvamile linombala womnqumo, kodwa kukhona abantu ngabanye nombala oluhlaza omnyama.

5. i-sturgeon yaseSiberia

Isisindo somuntu omdala: Ama-34 kg.

i-sturgeon yaseSiberia – inhlanzi ephila isikhathi eside, ngokwesilinganiso iphila iminyaka engama-50. Ihlala emifuleni emincane nemikhulu yaseSiberia. Ikhula kancane, kancane kancane ithola isisindo kufika ku-25-35 kg.

I-sturgeon yaseSiberia, njengabanye abameleli bomndeni we-sturgeon, ine-antennae ephawulekayo esilevini sayo. Umlomo wezinhlanzi uyahlehla, awekho amazinyo. Ihlukaniswa kwezinye izinhlobo zomndeni ngekhanda elicijile kanye ne-gill rakers, efana nefeni ngokuma.

Idla izinambuzane, izibungu, futhi ayikuthandi ukudla ama-mollusk nezinhlanzi. Uhola indlela yokuphila enesimilo. Uma i-sturgeon yaseSiberia iwela ne-sterlet, khona-ke kuzozalwa i-hybrid - umlilo ovuthayo.

4. I-Amur sturgeon

Isisindo somuntu omdala: Ama-37 kg.

I-Amur sturgeon (Aka i-shrenka) isihlobo se-sturgeon yaseSiberia. Akazange abe nenhlanhla ngendlela efanayo nezinye izinhlobo ze-"sturgeon" - useduze nokuqothulwa futhi, yiqiniso, ubhalwe eNcwadini Ebomvu.

Ihlukile kwezinye izinhlobo kulwelwesi lwegill, umlomo omncane, futhi ayinawo amapuleti phakathi kwezimbungulu. Uhlala kuphela e-Amur endaweni ukusuka emlonyeni kuya e-Argun. Iqala ukuzala eneminyaka engu-14.

I-Shrenka idla ama-crustaceans, ama-mayflies, gazinga nezibungu. Kwenzeka ukuthi i-sturgeon ifinyelela ku-80 kg. Cishe ingxenye yobude bomzimba ibekelwe ikhala. I-Amur sturgeon ikhetha amanzi agelezayo futhi asheshayo.

3. I-stellateon stellate

Isisindo somuntu omdala: Ama-90 kg.

I-stellateon stellate - isihlobo esiseduze sameva nezinhlanzi ezingekho ngaphansi ezithakazelisayo - i-sterlet. Inomzimba omude. Ihluke kwabanye abameleli bomndeni "we-sturgeon" nge-snout yayo - inhloko ye-sturgeon ihlelwe phezulu. Ikhala lingama-70% obude bekhanda. Ingemuva linombala onsundu ngokumnyama, cishe omnyama, kuyilapho izinhlangothi zikhanya kakhulu.

Isisindo sabantu abakhulu kunazo zonke ngezinye izikhathi sifinyelela ku-90 kg (isisindo esikhulu kunazo zonke seDanube). I-Stellate sturgeon ivame kakhulu oLwandle Olumnyama, e-Azov, naseCaspian. Uphila cishe iminyaka engama-30. Ukudla kwe-stellate sturgeon kuhlanganisa izikelemu, gazinga nama-crustaceans ahlukahlukene.

2. I-sturgeon yaseShayina

Isisindo somuntu omdala: Ama-200 kg.

Ngokusho kososayensi, i-sturgeon yaseShayina iyingxenye yezinhlobo "ezindala", futhi yayikhona emhlabeni eminyakeni engaba yizigidi ezingu-140 edlule. Ihlala olwandle lwaseShayina olusogwini futhi ivikelwe umbuso ngenxa yosongo lokuqothulwa (ngokubanjwa kwe-sturgeon yaseShayina, kunikezwa isijeziso esinzima kakhulu - ukuboshwa iminyaka engaba ngu-20).

Ngemva kokuthomba, i-sturgeon ifudukela emifuleni. Okuvame ukutholakala emifuleni iZhujiang neYangtze. I-sturgeon yaseShayina ingenye yezinhlobo ezinkulu zezinhlanzi zasemanzini ahlanzekile - isisindo sazo singafinyelela ku-200, 500 kg.

1. I-sturgeon yase-Atlantic

Isisindo somuntu omdala: Ama-250 kg.

E-Russia I-sturgeon yase-Atlantic ingatholakala emanzini esifundeni saseKaliningrad. Emazweni amaningi, ingaphansi kokuvikelwa kombuso okuqinile, ngoba. ummeleli omkhulu womndeni we-sturgeon useduze nokushabalala.

I-sturgeon yase-Atlantic ingaqashelwa ngokubukeka kwayo - amehlo ayo atholakala engxenyeni engenhla yekhanda, makhulu ngobukhulu, futhi ikhanda lide.

Isakhiwo somzimba sifana noshaka. Izinhlanzi zichitha ingxenye enkulu yokuphila kwazo emanzini asogwini. Isikhathi sokuphila se-sturgeon singafinyelela eminyakeni eyi-100.