Ukwenziwa inzalo kwamakati: okuhle nokubi, ukuthi kwenziwa kanjani nokuthi yini okufanele uyenze ngemuva kwayo

Ikati lingazala lineminyaka emingaki?

Lapho ebuzwa ukuthi kungcono ukuvala inzalo ikati, odokotela bezilwane baphendula: ezinyangeni ezingu-7-8. Kukholakala ukuthi kwakuphakathi nalesi sikhathi sokuthuthukiswa kwezilwane ukuthi zonke izinhlelo zezitho zakhiwe ngokugcwele, ikati lilungele ukukhulelwa, kodwa akukabikho ukukhulelwa.

Ukuthomba kwesilwane esifuywayo kungase kwenzeke ngaphambi kwesikhathi noma kamuva kunesikhathi esishiwo. Ukunquma isikhawu esifanele, uzodinga ukukukhombisa udokotela wezilwane ngezikhathi ezithile, wenze izivivinyo. Ukuhlinzwa kwekati elikhulile noma elincane kakhulu kugcwele izinkinga ezinkulu nezinkinga zempilo esikhathini esizayo.

Izinkomba kanye contraindications for inzalo

Ngaphezu kweqiniso lokuthi inzalo yekati yenziwa ngenxa yesifiso somnikazi, ukusebenza kungase kube nenjongo yokwelapha futhi kube okuhleliwe noma okuphuthumayo. Phakathi kwezinkomba:

• ama-neoplasms ezithweni zokuzala;
• izinqubo zokuvuvukala;
• izinguquko kuma-mammary gland ngenxa yamahomoni;
• ukuvala inzalo okungenziwanga kahle ngaphambilini;
• ukuvimbela izifo ezihlukahlukene (izimila, ama-cysts, izinqubo ze-purulent, njalonjalo).

Unga-spay uma ikati line-:

• iminyaka engaphansi kwezinyanga ezi-6 noma ngaphezulu kweminyaka eyi-10;
• i-pathologies eveziwe yesistimu yenhliziyo;
• i-estrus;
• ukukhulelwa;
• izinqubo zokuvuvukala emzimbeni kanye nezinye izifo.

Ukuphikisana okunjalo ekuhlinzeni kuhlobene ikakhulukazi namacala okujwayelekile kokuziphatha kwekati, ukuqedwa komzwelo wezocansi. Uma sikhuluma ngokusindisa impilo yesilwane (isibonelo, ngokukhulelwa okungavamile), khona-ke ukuvala inzalo kuyafaneleka.

Lilungiswa kanjani ikati ukuze lizozala

Ukukhipha ikati kudinga ukulungiswa kokuqala. Ngaphandle kwamacala omtholampilo, isilwane kufanele sibe nempilo ngokuphelele. Lokhu kuyiqiniso ikakhulukazi ngemigomo kanye nokwelashwa kwe-antiparasite.

Ukugoma kufanele kwenziwe okungenani inyanga eyodwa ngaphambi kokuhlinzwa. Inciphisa kakhulu ingozi yokuthuthukisa izinkinga ezithathelwanayo ngesikhathi sokuhlinzwa, lapho amasosha omzimba esilwane ebuthakathaka. Uma kungekho ukugoma, ngaphambi kokungenelela, ikati linikezwa umjovo we-serum, oqinisekisa ukuzivikela okuzinzile ezinsukwini ezingu-14 ezilandelayo. Izinyathelo ze-Anthelmintic zenziwa okungenani izinsuku eziyi-10 ngaphambi kokuvala inzalo.

Amalungiselelo ahlanganisa futhi:

• ukuhlolwa kwelabhorethri yomchamo, igazi;
• ukuhlolwa kwe-ultrasound kwezitho zokuzala;
• inhliziyo.

Ngokubona kukadokotela, i-X-rays, ukuhlolwa kokuphefumula, nokunye kunqunywe ngaphezu kwalokho.

Okubalulekile: ngokushesha ngaphambi kokuhlinzwa, isilwane kufanele silinganiselwe ekudleni (amahora angu-8-12 ngaphambili) namanzi (amahora angu-3).

Kusenesikhathi, kufanele unakekele umthwali lapho ikati lizohanjiswa lisuka emtholampilo liye ekhaya. Ukwengeza, uzodinga i-diaper edonsayo uma kwenzeka ukuphuma komchamo ngokuzenzakalelayo, kanye neshidi noma ingubo yokuvimbela i-hypothermia.

Inqubo yokuvala inzalo yekati: izindlela nezici

Ukuthi amakati akhishwa kanjani kuncike endleleni ekhethiwe. Kunezindlela ezintathu zokwenza umsebenzi.

1. indlela ye-classical. Kusikwa isikhumba endaweni elungiselelwe ngaphambilini eduze komugqa omhlophe wesisu ngezansi nje kwenkaba. I-incision icishe ibe ngu-3 cm ubude. Le ndlela ikuvumela ukuthi ukhiphe kokubili isibeletho nama-ovari. Inzuzo yayo ukuthi kungenzeka ukufinyelela okuqondile kochwepheshe ezithweni zekati. Ukungalungi ubude obukhulu be-suture, okungase kubangele ukungena kokutheleleka kanye nokuthuthukiswa kokuphuma kwegazi.
2. Ngokusikwa ohlangothini. Ukuhlukaniswa komgodi wesisu kwenziwa ohlangothini lwe-midline yesisu, kanti ubude besilonda abudluli u-1 cm. Indlela ayilula kakhulu ukwenza ukukhohlisa futhi isetshenziswa ezimweni lapho inguqulo ye-classical ingenakwenzeka, noma i-tubal ligation. Inzuzo yendlela ukuphulukiswa okusheshayo kokusikwa okuncane, okunciphisa ingozi yezinkinga zangemva kokuhlinzwa.
3. Ukwenziwa inzalo nge-laparoscopic yamakati. Kwenza kube nokwenzeka ukukhipha kokubili isibeletho nama-ovari ngokubhoboza okuncane odongeni lwesisu. Yonke inqubo yenzeka ngosizo lwedivayisi ekhethekile, futhi izenzo zikadokotela ziboniswa esikrinini sokuqapha ngesikhathi sangempela. Le ndlela ibonakala ngokuhlukumezeka okuncane kwezicubu zesilwane, ukunciphisa isikhathi sokululama kanye nethuba eliphansi lezinkinga. Kodwa-ke, akuvamile ukusetshenziswa, ngoba kudinga ukutholakala kwemishini efanele emtholampilo, amakhono kadokotela wezilwane, ekugcineni anezela izindleko eziphezulu zenqubo.

Uhlobo ngalunye lokusebenza lwenziwa ngaphansi kwe-anesthesia ejwayelekile, futhi isikhathi sokukhipha amakati sinqunywa indlela ekhethiwe futhi singasukela emaminithini angu-15-20 kuya ehoreni elilodwa noma ngaphezulu.

Iyiphi i-anesthesia esetshenziselwa ukuvala inzalo amakati

Ukuvala inzalo kokubili kwamakati afuywayo nalahlekile kwenzeka ngaphansi kwe-anesthesia jikelele. Ngokuvamile kuba yi-anesthesia ye-intravenous, ehlinzekwa ngezidakamizwa i-Ketamine, i-Diprivan, i-Zoletil. Kodwa ngezinye izikhathi ukususwa kwezitho zokuzala kwenziwa ngaphansi kwe-anesthesia ye-endotracheal. Yiqiniso, phambi kwakhe, ikati lisakhishwa nge-agent efakwe emthanjeni.

Ungalinakekela kanjani ikati ngemuva kokuzala

Bambalwa abanikazi abanokuqonda okuphelele kokuthi kufanele benzeni ngemva kokubulala ikati. Phakathi naleso sikhathi, yinkathi yangemva kokuhlinzwa enquma isimo esengeziwe sempilo yesilwane esifuywayo.

Uma kungenakwenzeka ukushiya ikati emtholampilo ezinsukwini ezimbalwa zokuqala, futhi "ukhishwa" ekhaya ngokushesha ngemva kokuhlinzwa, udinga ukufunda ngokuningiliziwe wonke ama-nuances okunakekelwa kudokotela wezilwane. Kuye ngesimo sesilwane ngaphambi nangemva kokungenelela, angase abekwe izidakamizwa ezilwa namagciwane, anti-inflammatory noma painkillers. Ngaphezu kwalokho, uchwepheshe uzokutshela ukuthi nini (nokuthi kudingekile) ukuza ukususa imithungo, ukugqoka kangaki, yiziphi izindlela ezingcono kakhulu zokusebenzisa kuleli cala, nolunye ulwazi. Kuhle uma udokotela wezilwane engakwazi ukunikeza inombolo yakhe yocingo ukuze uma isimo siwohloka kakhulu, angathintwa ngaphandle kokulibala.

Izici zokuthutha isilwane sisuka emtholampilo

Udinga ukuthatha ikati ekhaya hhayi ezandleni zakho, kodwa ngokuyibeka esiphathini esikhethekile esinefulethi ngisho nangaphansi. Noma yikuphi ukuzamazama noma ukugudluzwa kwe-torso kungabangela ukuthi i-seams ihlukane. Kunconywa ukumboza isilwane ngengubo elula noma indwangu efudumele, ngoba ngenxa yokusebenza kanye ne-anesthesia, izinga lokushisa lomzimba wesilwane liba ngaphansi kokujwayelekile.

Ikuphi indawo engcono kakhulu yokubeka ikati efulethini

Ngenkathi ikati lisuka ekubulaleni inzalo, kungcono ukuba libe phansi. Umnikazi udinga ukuhlela umbhede kusengaphambili: khetha indawo evulekile lapho kungekho muntu ongaphazamisa isilwane, abeke ingubo, abeke ama-diaper angangeni manzi phezulu. Ukuqinisekisa ukuphuma kwamathe mahhala, isilwane kufanele sibekwe ngakwesokudla.

Qiniseka ukuthi uyaqiniseka ukuthi indawo egcinelwe ikati ayikho endaweni okusalungiswa kuyo noma eduze kwe-heater. Nokho, kusadingeka ukumboza; ngenxa yalokhu, kwanele ukuthatha indwangu elula kodwa eminyene.

Yini okufanele uyigqoke ekatini ngemva kokuvala inzalo

Isisu sekati ngemva kokuvalwa inzalo kufanele sihlukaniswe nemvelo yangaphandle ukuze kugwenywe ukutheleleka kwesilonda. Ukuze wenze lokhu, sebenzisa ingubo - ingubo ekhethekile enezikhala zezidladla, eboshwe nge-Velcro noma i-braid ngemuva kwesilwane. Idivayisi kufanele igqoke cishe izinsuku ezingu-10-14, kuye ngokuthi yinkimbinkimbi yokusebenza, isimo se-seam namanye ama-nuances.

Izingubo zokulala zamakati kufanele ziwashwe, zi-ayinwe, bese zigqokwa futhi. Izingubo ezinjalo zisuswa kuphela ekwelapheni isilonda sokuhlinzwa. Ukuze isilwane esifuywayo singakwazi ukusisusa kuso, akukho ntambo noma iziphetho ezixekethile zezintambo okufanele ziphumele phezu kwengubo. Umkhiqizo ukhethwa kuphela ngosayizi ngamunye, ngoba isilwane singasusa kalula ingubo ebanzi, futhi encane izophazamisa ukugeleza kwegazi.

Abanye abanikazi bathunga amabhandishi anjalo ngokwabo. Ngezinye izikhathi ama-tights noma amasokisi asetshenziswa njengendlela ethuthukisiwe, enezimbobo ezisikiwe ngaphambili. Ukuthi ikati lizoyigqoka yini ingubo enjalo akwaziwa. Ukwahlulela ngezindaba zabanikazi kunethiwekhi, izilwane eziningi zihlela amakhonsathi noma ziziphathe ngendlela ehlukumezayo, ngisho nangaphandle kokululama ngokugcwele ku-anesthesia. Ngenxa yalokho, ingubo ithathelwa indawo ngekhola, futhi ibhandishi enxebeni lilungiswe nge-plaster.

Ephuma kwi-anesthesia

Ukuziphatha kwekati ngemva kokusebenza ngenxa ye-anesthesia kuba enganele futhi engalindelekile. Ezinsukwini zokuqala ezingu-1-2, isilwane akufanele sishiywe sodwa isikhathi eside. Ukuphuma esimweni se-narcotic kuhambisana nokudideka okuphelele emkhathini, ukudiyazela, ukubukela phansi izitho, ukuklabalasa, ukukhala, ukuhlukunyezwa nokunye ukubonakaliswa.

Isikhathi sokululama kwekati kusuka ku-anesthesia singasuka emahoreni angama-5-6 kuya ngosuku noma ngaphezulu. Kodwa isilwane siqala ukululama, njengomthetho, kakade amahora angu-2-4 ngemva kokuhlinzwa. Akudingekile ukumnika ukuphuza ngalesi sikhathi, futhi ngisho nangokwengeziwe ukuze adle. Kuvunyelwe ukuthambisa umlomo womlomo ngamanzi avela kusipuni noma isirinji.

Ungaliphakela kanjani ikati ngemva kokubeletha

Phakathi namahora angu-24 ngemva kokuvalwa inzalo, akuvunyelwe ukuphakela ikati. Lokhu kungenxa yengozi ye-gag reflex (ngenxa ye-anesthesia) nokunciphisa umsebenzi wamathumbu. Noma yikuphi ukufinyela kwemisipha yesisu noma udonga lwamathumbu kungavula isilonda noma kubangele ukopha kwangaphakathi kwesisu. Ukudla okuwuketshezi ngendlela yomhluzi, okugayiwe futhi kuhlanganiswe nomhluzi wenyama, iphalishi emanzini lingangeniswa ekudleni kwesilwane cishe ngosuku lwesibili. Ukudla okuwuketshezi kuyodingeka kuze kube yilapho imithungo isusiwe.

Uma ikati lenqaba ukudla namanzi

Ngosuku lokuqala ngemva kokuvalwa inzalo, isilwane esifuywayo singase singakuthandi ukudla. I-alamu kufanele ikhale uma ikati lingadli noma lingaphuzi isikhathi esingaphezu kwezinsuku ezi-2, futhi yonke imizamo yokulinikeza ukudla okuwuketshezi noma amanzi ngomjovo yehluleka. Ukuze alulame, nakanjani udinga ukuthatha okungenani umhluzi. Ukuze uvimbele ukuphelelwa amanzi emzimbeni kanye nokukhathala kwesilwane esifuywayo, umnikazi kufanele axhumane nomtholampilo - okunye kungase kube ukudla okunomsoco.

Izinkinga zangasese

Kwenzeka ukuthi ikati ngemva kokuvala inzalo aliyi endlini yangasese. Uma lokhu kwenzeka phakathi kwezinsuku ezingu-1-2 ngemva kokuhlinzwa, akufanele ukhathazeke. Ngenxa yokuzila ukudla ngaphambi kokuhlinzwa kanye nokuphelelwa amanzi emzimbeni, akanalutho angathulula ngalo amathumbu akhe. Ezinye izizathu zalesi simo zihlanganisa:

• ukucindezeleka okuvela ekusebenzeni;
• umphumela we-anesthesia noma izidakamizwa;
• ingubo yokulala iyaphazamisa;
• umthungo ubuhlungu.

Ukuntuleka kokukhipha ngesifiso esivamile kungase kubonise ukuqunjelwa. Kulokhu, ama-laxatives, ukudla okuwuketshezi kuzosiza. Uma izinsuku ezingaphezu kwezingu-3 emva kokuvala inzalo, ikati linezinkinga endlini yangasese, udinga ukuxhumana nodokotela wezilwane ngokushesha.

Yiziphi izinkinga ngemva kokuzala ikati?

Naphezu kokulula kokusebenza, ukukhishwa kwezitho zokuzala ekati kungaholela ekuthuthukisweni kwezinkinga. Enye yezinto ezivame kakhulu iqhubu esiswini. Kungase kwenzeke ngenxa ye-edema yezicubu ezithambile noma ukuhlukana ngokweqile kwamaseli amancane adingekayo ekukhuleni ngokweqile kwe-suture. Kulezi zimo, isigaxa ngemva kokuvala inzalo asiyona ingozi futhi kancane kancane siyanyamalala ngokwaso. Kodwa uma ukwakheka kwavela njenge-hernia yezicubu zangaphakathi ngokusebenzisa umthungo, kuzodingeka ukuhlinzwa okuphuthumayo.

Ezinye izinkinga ezingenzeka ngemuva kokukhipha ikati zihlanganisa:

• ukungezwani nemithi;
• ukuwohloka komsebenzi wezinso, inhliziyo, isibindi ngenxa ye-anesthesia;
• ukopha;
• ama-neoplasms (ngesikhathi eside).

Ukuthuthukiswa kwezinkinga akuxhomekile kuphela ngekhwalithi yokusebenza noma indlela yokuqaliswa kwayo, kodwa nakwamanye ama-nuances: ikati elingakanani ubudala, isimo sempilo yakhe ngesikhathi senqubo, ukunakekelwa kwangemva kokuhlinzwa, njalonjalo. .

Izici zokuvala inzalo amakati ezimeni ezahlukene zomzimba

Ukuvalwa inzalo kwekati kufanele kwenzeke ngokuhambisana nezidingo ezithile zeminyaka yalo kanye nesimo sehomoni. Kodwa-ke, kunezimo lapho kunesidingo sokuhlinzwa ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa, i-estrus nezinye izimo. Umnikazi kumele azi ukuthi kuziphi izimo lokhu kuvumelekile nokuthi yini esongelayo.

Ngesikhathi se-estrus

Ukususwa kwezitho zokuzala phakathi nalesi sikhathi akukhuthazwa, njengoba ukuguqulwa okubukhali kwesizinda se-hormonal somzimba wekati kuzothinta kabi impilo yayo yesikhathi esizayo. Isikhathi sokuthola kabusha sizoba side futhi sibe nzima; ukwanda kwengozi yezinkinga zangemva kokuhlinzwa.

Odokotela bezilwane batusa ukuvala inzalo ikati ngesonto ngemva kokuphela kwe-estrus futhi kungakapheli amasonto amabili ngaphambi kokuba iqale.

Ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa

Ukukhipha ikati elikhulelwe nakho kugcwele imiphumela emibi. Kulungiswa kuphela ezimweni ezilandelayo:

• ukukhula okungavamile kwe-fetus;
• isifo sekati esibangelwa ukukhulelwa, esisongela ukuphila kwakhe;
• isilwane asikwazi ukuzala amakati ngenxa yempilo noma ubudala.

Ngemva kokubeletha

Ukwenziwa inzalo kwamakati ngemva kokubeletha kufanele kwenzeke ngokuhambisana nemithetho ethile:

• uma isilwane singawondli amakati, kufanele ulinde cishe inyanga;
• uma ikati lincelisa, kuzothatha izinyanga ezimbili kuya kwezingu-2 ngemva kokubeletha.

Isikhathi esifanele kakhulu sokuvala inzalo kwesilwane ngemva kokuzala amawundlu izinsuku ezingu-60. Ngalesi sikhathi, isizinda se-hormonal sijwayelekile, isibeletho sizothola ubukhulu baso obujwayelekile, ukujikeleza kwegazi ku-pelvis kuzobuyiselwa.

Izinkomba zokuvala inzalo okuphuthumayo ngokushesha ngemva kokubeletha zingaba yilezi zimo ezilandelayo:

• ukuphuka kwesibeletho ngesikhathi sokuzalwa kwamakati;
• ama-neoplasms ezitho zokuzala atholakala ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa;
• anomalies, ukulimala ku-placenta;
• ubukhona noma usongo lokopha okukhulu kwangemva kokubeletha.

Ngesikhathi sondla amakati

Njengasesimeni esedlule, ukuvalwa inzalo kwekati labahlengikazi kwenziwa kuphela ngezinkomba ezithile. Ngaphezu kwalokhu okungenhla, kuvunyelwe ukwenza umsebenzi ngesicelo somnikazi uma ukufa kwezingane ezisanda kuzalwa kwenzeka, futhi umama usenalo ubisi. Noma, uma isilwane sisetshenziselwa ukuhamba emgwaqweni, ikati lizokwazi ukukhulelwa ngisho nangesikhathi sokudla. Izimo ezinjalo ziyisizathu esivamile sokuthi abanikazi bangakwazi "ukubamba" isikhathi esidingekayo ukuze babulale odlayo.

Izindleko zokukhipha amakati

Kunezici ezimbalwa ezithinta intengo yokuzala kwekati:

• inqubomgomo yamanani kanye nezinga lomtholampilo wezilwane;
• uhlobo lokusebenza;
• izimo zokusebenza (i-suture material, i-anesthesia, njalonjalo);
• ubunkimbinkimbi bokungenelela kokuhlinzwa;
• isikhathi se-postoperative (ukunakekelwa emtholampilo, ukwethulwa kwezidakamizwa ezengeziwe, izinkinga, ukuphakelwa kwe-intravenous, njll.).

Ngokwesilinganiso, ukwenza inzalo ikati kubiza kusuka kuma-ruble ayi-1200 kuye kwangama-5000.

Kungenzeka yini ukuvala inzalo ikati mahhala

Ukuvala inzalo kwamakati akuyona impoqo, isevisi yezilwane edingekayo emphakathini. Kodwa-ke, emadolobheni amaningi, ukukhushulwa kwenziwa ngezikhathi ezithile, ngokusho ukuthi amakati alahlekile angavalwa inzalo mahhala. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kweminye imitholampilo, ngenxa yezizathu ezithile (esanda kuvulwa, ukuntula isipiliyoni phakathi kwabasebenzi, njengesikhangiso), amanani ale nkonzo ancishiswa abe ngama-ruble angama-400-500.

Kungenzeka yini ukuvala inzalo ikati ekhaya

Ukukhipha ikati kungase kwenzeke ekhaya. Lokhu kusebenza okulula okungathathi isikhathi esiningi futhi akudingi ukuba khona komsizi. Umnikazi, ngenkokhelo eyengeziwe, angakwazi ukuvumelana kusengaphambili nodokotela wezilwane mayelana nosuku lomcimbi.

Ukukhipha ikati ekhaya kunezinzuzo: isilwane akudingeki siyiswe emtholampilo futhi sibuyiselwe, futhi ingozi "yokubamba" ukutheleleka nayo iyancipha. Iphuzu elibi liwukuthi uma isimo esinzima sivela esikhathini se-postoperative, udokotela wezilwane ngeke akwazi ukuba khona ukuze avuselelwe.

Ukukhipha ikati, nakuba kuwukuhlinzwa emzimbeni wesilwane, kuyisimo sengqondo esinobuntu kuso kunokuminza noma ukuxosha amakati. Umnikazi udinga ukucabanga ngokucophelela ngaphambi kokuthatha ikati ekhaya. Uma ukwesaba kuvela lapho kucatshangelwa inzalo eminingi, khona-ke udinga ukufaka inzalo isilwane esifuywayo futhi usisindise wena kanye nawe ekuhlushweni.