Izimvu zohlobo lwe-Romanov: umlando wokubukeka, izinzuzo, ukungalungi, ukuzalanisa nokondla

Izingubo ezinhle nezifudumele zifanelekile ngaso sonke isikhathi. Kokubili ezikhathini zasendulo nanamuhla, abantu balwela ukugqoka ngendlela yokuthi bangabi yiqhwa futhi, ngesikhathi esifanayo, babukeke bekhangayo. Enye yezindwangu zemvelo ezifudumele ezijabulela ukuthandwa okufanele uboya.

Isetshenziswa ezinguqulweni ezimbili: indwangu yoboya kanye noboya ngokwawo. Indwangu itholakala ewulweni osetshenziswa ukuluka, kanti uvolo unikezwa abantu izimvu ezifuywayo. Uboya obuhlanzekile busetshenziselwa ukufudumala ingaphakathi lezingubo nezicathulo. Ukuphakama kwekhwalithi yoboya, umkhiqizo wokugcina uzoba osebenzayo futhi okhangayo.

Umlando wezinhlobo ze-Romanov

Ezimweni zezulu elibandayo elivamile, ukuhlobana kokuthola uvolo wemvelo akungabazeki. Phakathi namashumi amaningi eminyaka, uhlobo lwezimvu lwatholwa ngendlela yokukhethwa kwabantu, okuguquguqukayo kakhulu ezimweni zokubanda kanye nendlala ye-Non-Black Earth Region ekukhiqizeni okuphezulu koboya benani elidingekayo kanye nekhwalithi. Lona uhlobo lwe-Romanov lwezimvu zoboya benyama, olwanikeza abantu izilwane ezingenasizotha neziqinileekwazi ukukhiqiza inani eliphezulu loboya obuncane nobusezingeni eliphezulu ekudleni okuncane.

Igama lalolu hlobo libhekise ku-aristocracy, ekubeni yimfuneko esigabeni esiphezulu somphakathi. Eqinisweni, uhlobo oludumile lwezimvu ze-Romanov luthatha igama lalo endaweni lapho izimvu ezimele zokuqala zazaliswa khona - isifunda sase-Romanovsky esifundeni saseYaroslavl.

Izimfanelo ezikhangayo

Izimvu zohlobo lwe-Romanov zingumhlinzeki onokwethenjelwa woboya. Lolu hlobo lwakhiwe eminyakeni engaphezu kweyi-100 edlule ukuze lunikeze abantu izingubo ezifudumele nezinhle. Ukuthola uboya bezimvu zohlobo lwe-Romanov kuwumsebenzi onenzuzo futhi ophumelelayo. Ngaphezu kokukhiqizwa kwesikhumba sezimvu, uhlobo lwe-Romanov luphinde luhlukaniswe ngezimfanelo ezinhle zenyama.

Ngenxa yezidingo ezingenasizotha nesizotha, kuhlanganiswe nokukhiqiza okuphezulu, uhlobo lwe-Romanov lungenye yezinhlobo ezidume kakhulu futhi ezisabalele.

Namuhla, noma ubani angaziphatha ngomkhiqizo wekhwalithi owenziwe ngoboya obulukiweyo noma obufakwe ngawo.

Izimvu zohlobo lwe-Romanov zingomunye wabamele abadala bezimvu zanamuhla ezifuywayo. Ngenxa yokwakheka komzimba kanye ne-physiology ejwayelane nezimo ezinzima, uhlobo lwe-Romanov likubekezelela ngokuphelele ukugcina idlelo elivulekile. Abamele lolu hlobo bayakwazi ukuthola ukudla endaweni lapho ezinye izilwane ziklabile khona. Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi abantu bohlobo lwe-Romanov bayakwazi ukudla izinhlobonhlobo zezitshalo. Bahlala bethola okuthile abangakujabulela.

Romanov uhlobo ayidingi induduzo, bubekezelela kahle ubunzima nezimo ezinzima zokuboshwa, banokukhuthazela okuphezulu kokubili emakhazeni nasekushiseni. Ngokwendawo, lolu hlobo lusatshalaliswa ezifundeni ezingamashumi amathathu zaseRussia, namuhla abameleli bohlobo nabo bathengwa ukuze bazalele kwamanye amazwe e-Commonwealth naseYurophu.

Izici zohlobo lwe-Romanov

Kubhekiselwa ohlotsheni lwezimvu ezingenamsila zenyama-wool.

Izinto ezibaluleke kakhulu yilezi:

• uboya obunezingqimba ezimbili ezinesisindo esingafika ku-3,5 kg imvu eyodwa;
• isisindo somuntu wesifazane singafika ku-60 kg, isisindo senqama endala singama-80 kg;
• ukuzala - kufika kumawundlu angu-3 ekukhulelweni okukodwa; isisindo sewundlu elinezinyanga eziyisithupha ubudala sifinyelela ku-6 kg.

Incazelo yangaphandle yezimvu:

• umsila omfushane;
• i-hornlessness evamile kwabesifazane;
• umbala wejazi umpunga, ijazi liminyene, ligoqwe ngomphetho omnyama, kwesinye isikhathi liphenduka libe umhlwenga kwabesilisa; umzimba womzimba ophakathi nendawo, isisu simise kancane njengomphongolo; ikhanda li-oblong, elitholakala entanyeni eqinile;
• okubunayo kubanzi; izindlebe zinde, zihambisana nomzimba; eqinile iqonde emuva kancane phambili; isifuba esibanzi nesijulile; imilenze enobude obumaphakathi, izinzile futhi iqinile.

Umehluko kuma-subspecies

Ngokomthethosisekelo, izimvu zohlobo lwe-Romanov zihlukaniswa ngama-subspecies amathathu:

• umzimba unamandla. Abameleli bezinhlobo ezincane kakhulu iqinile futhi ihlala isikhathi eside. Isikhumba sabo sezimvu siseqophelweni eliphezulu. Zihlukaniswa nge-torso enamandla, isifuba esibanzi, amathambo aqinile, kodwa isikhumba esincane.
• umzimba rough. Izimpawu: uhlaka lwamathambo olusindayo, ijazi elimahhadla. I-awn inkulu enesikhumba esiwugqinsi.
• umzimba obucayi. Kubantu ngabanye balolu hlobo lwezilwane isimo somzimba esibi, uboya boboya buncane, uboya beboya bekhwalithi ephansi. Angeke zisetshenziselwe ukwandisa imfuyo.

Izinzuzo kanye nokubi zohlobo

Izinzuzo zohlobo lohlobo zihlanganisa:

• uboya beboya bekhwalithi ephezulu obuluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka nobumpunga obucwebezelayo obuhlukile. Uvolo awugoqeki, uyaphaphatheka ngokuhambisana ne-awn ebangeni lika-4:1-10:1;
• ikhono lonyaka wonke lokukhulelwa nokubeletha;
• ukukhulelwa kuvame ukuphindaphinda, ngokwesilinganiso esingu-1:3, okungukuthi, amawundlu amathathu imvu ngayinye. Abanye abantu bangazala amawundlu ayisishiyagalolunye ngesikhathi esisodwa;
• i-early puberty: ikhono lokuzalanisa nokukhulelwa kusukela ezinyangeni eziyi-13. Isikhathi sokuvuthwa kwezithelo singaphansi kwesonto elilodwa kunezinye izinhlobo;
• izinwele zokuqala - izinyanga ezinhlanu kuya kweziyisithupha, uboya obuvela bunikeza ijazi elifudumele nelilula. Inyama ingatholakala ezinyangeni ezingu-7-9 ubudala.

Ukungalungi kohlobo kuhlanganisa:

• ukwesaba;
• ukuzwela okukhulu ekushintsheni kwesimo sezulu, izinguquko zomkhathi, umswakama owandayo, njll.;
• amathuba okuba nezifo ze-broncho-pulmonary.

Ukondla izinhlobo zezimvu zamaRomanov

Romanovsky mayelanaI-Vtsy ikhiqiza kahle kakhulu emakhazeni nasekushiseni kwehlobo.

Eminyakeni emibili, izimvu ziyakwazi ukuzala kathathu. Ngokwesilinganiso, imvukazi inezingane ezi-3, ezinikeza amawundlu ayi-9 esikhathini ngasinye. Isithelo sewundlu eliphelele sivuthwa ezinsukwini eziyi-145. Ngezinyanga ezi-4, iwundlu lifinyelela ekuvuthweni kocansi. Ukukhwelana okuyisisekelo kuyanconywa uma isisindo semvukazi sifinyelela ku-35-39 kg.

Gcina okuqukethwe

Ngesikhathi sokugcinwa kwetafula, isilwane sidla utshani notshani. Impela zihlanganisa ukudla okune-succulent futhi kugxile ekudleni, ezifakwa ngemva kokuphuza. Qinisekisa ukuthi unikeza umsoco ocebile ngezinto eziwusizo ezinsikazini ezincelisayo nezinqama. Ukudla okuyinhloko yi-roughage: hay, kuyinto efiselekayo ikakhulukazi ukwengeza utshani obusuka ku-clover. Gwema ukufaka utshani obune-acidic (i-sedge ne-rush), isilwane singagula, futhi ukufa kungenzeka. I-concentrate yengezwa ngendlela ye-oats echotshoziwe nebhali. Lesi sakamuva sithinta ukuthuthukiswa kongqimba lwamafutha. Izilwane ezincane, izimvukazi ezikhulelwe kanye nezincelisayo zengezwa ngokudla kwamaminerali.

Ukudlisa emadlelweni

Lapho isikhathi sesitoko sasebusika siphela, izimvu zikhishelwa emadlelweni, kodwa hhayi ngokushesha. Kancane kancane, ngaphezu kwamaviki angu-1-2, i-concentrate kanye ne-hay yengezwa ekudleni. Ngemva kokulungiswa, izimvu zidluliselwa ngokuphelele emadlelweni. Impela alungele ukondla izitshalo zamadlelo okwenziwa, kodwa izimfunda namaxhaphozi kufanele kugwenywe.

Ukuze zikhiqize kakhudlwana, izimvu zidinga ukunikwa indawo yamadlelo eningi ngangokunokwenzeka. Akunconywa ukuphonsa ukudla phansi, njengoba izimvu zizonyathela ukudla. Ukondla izimvu kuyadingeka ukuhlomisa ama-feeders, okufanele ngempela iqukethe ukudla okunejusi unyaka wonke. Izimvu zithanda ukulala embhedeni wotshani noma wotshani. I-sawdust ne-peat ayifanele idivayisi.

Ukufuya izimvu ukuze uthole inyama

Imikhuba yabathengi ishintsha kakhulu. Uma inyama yezimvu yangaphambili yayibhekwa njengengavamile, namuhla iwundlu liya ngokuya livela emakethe. Lokhu kuchazwa ngokuthi izimvu unikeza umkhiqizo inyama enobungani imvelo. Izilwane azikhuliswa kuma-mega-farms futhi azigcwaliswa ngamakhemikhali.

IWundlu linesabelo esilinganiselwe eshadini lebhizinisi lenyama. Lokhu kungama-2% kuphela engqikithi yokukhiqizwa kwenyama. Kodwa inesimo esikhethekile. Izikhuthazi, ama-antibiotics - konke lokhu akukho ekudleni kwezimvu. Phakathi kwezimvu zaseRussia eziyizigidi ezingu-22, abameleli bohlobo lwe-Romanov nabo bayadla.

Ukudla okuyinhloko okuthola uhlobo lwezimvu ze-Romanov ukuklaba mahhala. Umthamo wokukhiqizwa kwewundlu eRussia ungamathani ayizinkulungwane eziyi-190 ngonyaka. Kukhona okungaphezudlwana kwe-1 kg ngomuntu ngamunye. Izigidigidi zama-ruble abelwe ukuthuthukisa ukuzalanisa izimvu nezimbuzi. Lokhu kunqunywa isifiso sokuphinda kabili ukusetshenziswa kwewundlu eliphilayo.

Izinkinga zokuzalanisa kanye nemvuselelo

Njengamanje, uhlobo lwe-Romanov aluvamile kakhulu kunangaphambili. Abanye ochwepheshe bakholelwa ukuthi uhlobo lwezimvu ze-Romanov luncishisiwe ngenani lwacishe lwaphela ngokuphelele uma kuqhathaniswa nenani eliphakeme lokuthuthukiswa kwalo, okwenzeka ngawo-1950. Ngaleso sikhathi, kwakunabantu abangaphansi kwesigidi esi-1. Ekuqaleni kwekhulu lama-800, inani liye lehla laya ku-21. Endaweni eyinhloko yokuzalanisa - isifunda sase-Yaroslavl, uhlobo lwe-Romanov lwalumelelwe inani lamakhanda ayizinkulungwane ezingu-16 kuphela. Isizathu esiyinhloko sokwehla kwenani lezimvu ze-Romanov ukuqothuka kwamapulazi amancane ku-5s kanye ne-90s.

Isimiso sokugcinwa kwezitebele, esivame kakhulu emapulazini amakhulu, ukungabibikho okuphelele kwezindawo zokuklaba, kwenza lolu hlobo lube buthaka. Ukuncipha kokumelana nethonya lezici zangaphandle kwaholela eqinisweni lokuthi izimvu zaqala ukugula ngokushesha futhi kaningi. Inani labantu abazalanayo lehla, ngesikhathi esifanayo inzuzo yehla ngendlela eyingozi. Njengoba kushiwo ngenhla namuhla zikhona izinhlelo zikahulumeniokuhloswe ngayo ukuvuselela imboni yenyama. I-Romanov yohlobo lwezimvu nayo yazizwa inomthelela omuhle osezingeni eliphezulu futhi olinganiselayo.