Izimvu ze-Texel: ukunambitheka kwenyama, ukuthi ungathola uvolo ongakanani

Ngesikhathi i-perestroika iqala, kwase kunezimvu ezingaba yizigidi ezingu-64 eRussia. Lesi sibalo sehle ngendlela eyinhlekelele safinyelela ku-19 million. Manje isimo siya ngokuya sisimama futhi sesivele sikhula, kodwa kuseyisikhathi eside ukulinda ukuchuma kwangaphambili kule ndawo, namuhla ukuzalaniswa kwezimvu kuyanda.

Izindleko zekhilogremu yoboya bezimvu zingama-ruble angu-150. Inani ngekhilogremu ngayinye yewundlu emakethe iyashintshashintsha cishe ruble 300. Inyama ishibhile ngezindleko, ngoba ukuze u-1 kg woboya udayiswe, ukudla kuyadingeka izikhathi ezi-6 ngaphezulu. Ngakho-ke, ukuze kuthethelelwe izindleko zokugcinwa kwezimvu ezinesikhumba esimhlophe, amanani kufanele anyuswe ngokuphindwe kashumi. Ngakho, namuhla abafuyi bezimvu baye bagxila ekukhuliseni izinhlobo zenyama yezimvu.

Inyama yohlobo lwezimvu. izici ezijwayelekile

Ubuchwepheshe bokuzalanisa izimvu ekukhiqizeni inyama yemvu encane kudinga ukuba khona kwezinhlobo ezahlukene umkhiqizo ophezulu wenyama. Lesi sidingo sihlangatshezwa ngokugcwele nezinhlobo zenyama-uboya kanye nenyama.

Izinhlobo zenyama zikhiqiza amafutha amaningi enyama. Unyaka wonke bayakwazi ukugcinwa ezimweni zamadlelo, i-soot endaweni enzima kakhulu yefolishi kanye nezimo zemvelo, bayakwazi ukuzivumelanisa kalula. Izinhlobo zenyama, ngaphansi kwezimo ezidingekayo zokudla, "zingakwazi ukondla" amafutha amaningi phakathi nonyaka. Anamafutha azungeze isisekelo somsila futhi abizwa ngokuthi umsila onamafutha. Amafutha anjalo ayadingeka ukuze izilwane zilondoloze ukuphila ngesikhathi sezulu esibandayo, lapho amadlelo embozwe iqhwa noma iqhwa, kanye nezikhathi zokushisa, lapho utshani busha futhi kuntuleka amanzi.

Izimvu zohlobo lwe-"Texel"

"Texel" - uhlobo oludala kakhulueyaziwa kusukela ngezikhathi zamaRoma. Igama lohlobo lwavela ngekhulu le-19 futhi livela esiqhingini saseDashi esinegama elifanayo, esaduma ngezinhlobo eziningi zenyama nezakuqala ezivuthiwe, ngaphandle kwalokho, zanikeza uboya obuhle kakhulu. Abafuyi bezimvu bamthanda kakhulu kangangokuthi banquma ukumwela ngohlobo lwesiNgisi oluthi "Lincoln", futhi yile ndlela uhlobo lwesimanje lwe-texel oluvela ngayo. Namuhla lolu hlobo lungenye yezithandwa kakhulu e-Australia, eNew Zealand, eMelika - la mazwe angabathengisi bomhlaba benyama yewundlu.

Izici zenyama ye-texel

I-Texel i uhlobo lwenkomo ejwayelekile, ithole ukuthandwa ngenxa yezimfanelo zayo eziyingqayizivele zenyama futhi ingenye yezinto ezihamba phambili mayelana nokunambitheka. Isici esiyinhloko esihlukanisayo sohlobo yi-high content of muscle tissue in carcass; lapho kuhlatshwa isilwane, inyama maqondana nesisindo ingu-60%. Inomsoco, ukuthungwa okuhle, okunamanzi, ayinalo iphunga elithile elitholakala ewundlu, elinokunambitheka kwayo okuyingqayizivele, alishiyi ukunambitheka okungajabulisi okunamafutha emlonyeni, futhi kuthatha isikhathi esincane ukupheka inyama.

Inyama encane namanzi kakhulu futhi esihlwabusayo, ama-gourmets ayichaza njengemabula. Eminyakeni yobisi, ingxenye enkulu yohlaka lwamathambo ingaphansi kakhulu kunenani eliphelele lenyama, isivuno sokuhlatshwa singama-60%. Ayinalo iphunga elithile elitholakala emvu. Ingasetshenziswa ekulungiseleleni izitsha zokudla, njengoba ithambile. Inyama yewundlu ithatha isikhathi esincane ukupheka kunezitsha zenyama yezinye izilwane, ngemva kokudla ayinayo i-aftertaste enamafutha emlonyeni. Ingxenye enkulu ye-fat layer iyancipha ibe yincane. Emawundlu, inyama inezici ezinhle kakhulu zokunambitha; uma kuphekiwe, kuba thambile.

Izimpawu zangaphandle zohlobo

• I-texel yezimvu ze-Thoroughbred abe nomzimba olungile, isikhumba esimhlophe nekhanda elincane elinekhala elimnyama. Kodwa ijazi elimhlophe alisona inkomba enembe kakhulu yohlobo, njengoba ezinye zingaba nsundu osagolide, kuyilapho ikhanda nemilenze kuhlala kumhlophe. Ngezinye izikhathi ungathola futhi imvu elula kakhulu, ngisho ne-bluish, enemibala emnyama yemilenze nekhanda. Abafuyi bezimvu babiza ama-texel anjalo ngokuthi “blue”.
• Izici ezihlukile zohlobo yibunzi eliyisicaba, elincane kanye nokungabikho koboya ekhanda nasezindlebeni.
• Umsila wesilwane mncane futhi uzacile.
• intamo emfushane iphenduka ngokushelelayo ibe isiqu esinamandla.
• Imilenze ihlukaniswa ngamandla akhulayo, ama-muscular, ama-hips abanzi - lezi zimfanelo ziyinzuzo lapho unqoba amabanga amade ngesikhathi sokugijima ngokushesha. Imilenze ayimboziwe izinwele, ngakho imisipha ibonakala ngokucacile, ikakhulukazi emilenzeni yangemuva.
• Uhlobo olukhethiwe, ukusikisela okuncane kwezimpondo kukhaphela ezinye izinqama. Imvu endala inesisindo esingamakhilogremu angama-70, kanti inqama ifinyelela ku-170 kilogram.
• Ukukhula kwenqama evuthiwe ngokocansi ekubuneni cishe kungamasentimitha angama-85, izimvu - amasentimitha angama-75.

Zalisa ama-subtypes

Phakathi nomlando wamakhulu amabili wokuba khona kohlobo, abafuyi bezimvu abavela emazweni ahlukene baye benza izinguquko zabo ekuzaleni, bathuthukisa izakhiwo zabo. Umphumela waba ukuvela kwezinhlobo eziningana zohlobo:

• IsiNgisi. Lezi zimvu zinde futhi zakhiwe ngamandla, ngezinye izindlela azihlukile ezicini ezichazwe ngenhla zohlobo lwe-Texel.
• IsiFulentshi. Kulolu hlobo oluncane, amawundlu abonakala ngezinga eliphezulu lokukhula nokuvuthwa uma eqhathaniswa nezinye izinhlobo ezincane.
• IsiDashi. Izinqama nezimvu zohlobo lwe-Texel ezinemilenze ephansi, enesimo esiphansi somzimba, zinesisindo esiningi kanye nemisipha ekhule kahle.

Uboya bezimvu

Naphezu kohlobo oluncane, kufanele kukhunjulwe ukuthi lolu hlobo lwalufuywa kuphela ukuthola inyama esezingeni eliphezulu ngobuningi, ngakho-ke kungenzeka ukuthola amakhilogremu angu-6 woboya ngokugunda enqameni endala, futhi ngaphansi kwekhilogremu ngayinye imvu. Izilwane ziyagundwa, qiniseka ukuthi usika yonke into ku-villi yokugcina, okukhiphayo kufanele kube isikhumba esisodwa esingenalutho.

Uvolo usetshenziselwa ikakhulukazi ukunitha amasokisi namasokisi, kanye nasekukhiqizeni izingubo zokuluka, ngoba okuqukethwe okuphezulu kwezindlala ezinamafutha kwenza kuthambe kakhulu. Uboya be-texel bukhulu, buminyene, bumhlophe obuncane obuncane obungenamabala amnyama, bugoqeke ngamasongo amakhulu, anesisekelo esihlangene, bunamathela phezulu futhi bunamafutha amaningi. Ikhwalithi yovolo ihambisana nekilasi lama-56, enogqinsi lwefayibha elinganiselwa ku-30 ​​microns. Ekuphumeni, uvolo ogeziwe wenza amaphesenti angama-60 yenani lesisindo esigundiwe.

Kuyoklaba kuphi, nobani futhi kanjani

Ungakhohlwa ukuthi izimvu umhlambi wezilwane, lokhu kungokwemvelo kuthuthukiswe ngokwedlulele kubo, futhi ngaphandle komhlambi, imvu ayikwazi ukulahleka kuphela esibayeni sezimvu, kodwa futhi ikhathazeke kakhulu ngesizungu. Lezi zici zisebenza cishe kuzo zonke izilwane, kodwa hhayi ohlotsheni lwe-Texel. Lezi zilwane azinawo umuzwa womhlambi futhi azidingi inkampani yohlobo lwazo, zizizwa zizinhle zodwa. Bakhululekile futhi ukuzulazula endaweni futhi abakwazi ukulahleka, ngisho noma behamba kude nepulazi. Izimvu ze-Texel zithanda inkampani yezinye izilwane, ezinye izinhlobo zezimvu, njengomthetho, azikubekezeleli. Izinkomo, izimbuzi ngisho namahhashi kungomakhelwane abahle kakhulu balolu hlobo.

Zizwe kahle emadlelweni asezintabeni, ngoba uthando lokunqoba izithiyo futhi zihlukaniswa ngokukhuthazela okukhulu, ngakho-ke kungcono kakhulu ukuzidlisa lapho. Izimvu zizizwa zizinhle ngisho noma zisemgwaqweni unyaka wonke, azidingi shede namashede. Izimvu azingenwa izifo, imizimba yazo inamandla okuzivikela ezivikela ngisho nasezimweni ezihlala emanzini noma ezibandayo. Ngokungafani nezinye izinhlobo zezimvu, lena ingase idliwe enhlabathini enamaxhaphozi notshani, imizimba yazo ikwazi ukubhekana kahle nokutheleleka okungase kube khona izimuncagazi, ikakhulukazi izikelemu. Ngokungathobeki kokuqukethwe, uma kuziwa ezimweni zokuphila, zibekezelela ngokuthula isithwathwa nokubanda.

Ukukhulisa amawundlu

Lezi zilwane impela, njengomthetho, amawele noma amawele amathathu avela enzalweni, iwundlu elilodwa alivamile ukuzalwa. Ngokuvamile, amawundlu angu-180 azalwa emhlambini wezimvu eziyikhulu, futhi eminyakeni evundile ukuzalwa kwawo kudlula amakhulu amabili, ikakhulukazi amawele azalwa. Okukhishiwe kohlobo ukuthola inzalo eyodwa kuphela ngonyaka; akukho izithako ze-hormonal noma iziphambano ezikhethiwe ezingawushintsha lo mjikelezo wempilo. Ukuzala amawundlu kwenzeka kanye kuphela ngonyaka iminyaka eminingi.

Ingane esanda kuzalwa inesisindo esingamakhilogremu ayisikhombisa, ezinyangeni ezimbili isisindo sifinyelela kumakhilogremu angu-25, kwesishiyagalombili isisindo samakhilogremu angu-50. Udinga ukwazi ukuthi ukukhula okujulile nokuzuza kwesisindo kwenzeka kumawundlu kuze kube yizinyanga ezintathu ubudala, angathola amagremu angu-400 ngosuku, khona-ke kukhona ukwehla okukhulu, lapho isilinganiso sansuku zonke singama-250 amagremu, futhi azikho izithasiselo ezingashintsha. leli phethini.

Njengoba amawundlu ezalwa enesisindo esanele ukuphila ngokuzimela, angadedelwa ukuba adle emadlelweni ngakusasa ngemva kokuzalwa. Lesi simo sihlanganisa zonke izinkinga zohlobo, ezihambisana nokuzala kwamawundlu angavamile. Izingane ezisanda kuzalwa azidingi ukunakekelwa okukhethekile, kodwa kungcono ukuba zilinde amaqhwa amakhulu eshede nezimvu, zidinga ukubeka iwundlu lapho ngokushesha ngemva kokuzalwa izinsuku ezimbili. Ukubekwa kwewundlu nonina kuyisenzo esidingekayo, futhi kuhloswe ukuqinisa isazela sikamama, ngoba asithuthukisiwe kahle kulolu hlobo lwezimvu.

Ukuzalanisa, ukuzalanisa amawundlu

Uhlobo lwe-texel lunenkathi engahleliwe iza ngoSeptember futhi ihlala kuze kube uJanuwari. Ngalesi sikhathi, bonke abesifazane abanempilo futhi abavuthiwe ngokocansi bayafakwa. Ngokukhulelwa kwekwindla, ukubeletha kwenzeka ngasekupheleni kobusika noma ekuqaleni kwentwasahlobo. Izimvu zifinyelela ukuthomba ezinyangeni eziyisikhombisa, kule minyaka zingavele zilethwe kumkhiqizi wezinqama. Abanye abalimi balinda kuze kube yilapho isilwane sifinyelela unyaka owodwa ubudala, bese beqhuba ukukhwelana kokuqala - lokhu kukuvumela ukuba wenze isikhathi sokuzala sibe lula.

Ukuwela kwenzeka kokubili ngokuzenzakalelayo nangokukhululekile. Enqubweni yokuhlangana nezimvu zezinye izinhlobo, izimfanelo zenyama ezihamba phambili zohlobo lwe-Texel zidluliselwa esizukulwaneni esizayo.

Izimvu ezivamile ngesikhathi sokuzala azidingi usizo, kodwa njengoba sazi kakade, lolu hlobo luhlukile kulo mthetho. Amawundlu alolu hlobo kubonakale kunzima kakhulu, izingane ezifile zivame ukuzalwa, noma unina uyashona. Isizathu sobunzima bokuzala amawundlu sisesisindo esikhulu sewundlu kanye nokuma kwekhanda elikhulu ngendlela engavamile.

Ukuze usize ngamawundlu, udinga ukubeka amanzi afudumele, intambo namagilavu, kungase kudingeke udonse iwundlu ngemilenze, udonsa kancane, ubophe intambo kubo. Uma umntwana ebonisa ikhanda kuqala, khona-ke kuyadingeka ukuguqula umzimba wewundlu endaweni elula kakhulu yokuzala. Kulokhu, awukwazi ukwenza ngaphandle kodokotela wezilwane, ukulethwa kwenqwaba yezimvu kuhambisana nemisebenzi ekhethekile. Ukuzala amawundlu kwenzeka ebusuku kuphela.

Wonke umuntu ohlela ukufuya izimvu ze-Texel, khumbula okulandelayo.

• Izimvu zalolu hlobo zinkulu futhi ziqinile, zihlukaniswa ngomthamo omkhulu wenyama ephezulu;
• Izimpawu zezimvu nezinkomba zangaphandle ziyahlukahluka kuye ngokuthi zithengwe kuphi;
• Texel izimvu zingafuywa ngaphandle komhlambi, njengoba bebodwa, bazizwa bekhululekile futhi eduze nezinye izilwane ezifuywayo, hhayi izimvu;
• Ukuzala amawundlu kwenzeka kanye ngonyaka, labo abathemba ingozi enkulu yokudumazeka, kungcono bakhethe uhlobo oluhlukile lwezimvu;
• Ngokuvamile imvu izala amawele ngesikhathi esisodwa, kanti amawele amathathu nangaphezulu akuvamile. Imvu ikhulise izinga lobisi, ngakho iyakwazi ukondla okungenani amawundlu amabili. Ukubeletha akulula, usizo lukadokotela wezilwane luyadingeka.
• Amawundlu akhula ngokushesha futhi anesisindo, afinyelela isisindo sokuhlatshwa ngesikhathi esifushane kakhulu.
• Inyama yezimvu inokunambitheka okuthile, inomsoco futhi ifanele abanesifo sikashukela.