Izindlela zokupheka zokudla onogwaja ebusika nasehlobo

Ukondla onogwaja kuyisaga sempilo enhle, ukukhula ngokushesha kanye nokuzala kwezilwane ezifuywayo. Kulokhu, izilwane zidinga ukuhlinzekwa ngokudla okuhlukahlukene, okulinganiselayo nokufanelekile.

Izakhamzimba namandla adingwa onogwaja

Ukuze ubale inani elidingekayo lansuku zonke lezakhi, i-fiber, amaprotheni, amavithamini namaminerali adingekayo ukuze unikeze izilwane ezifuywayo amandla, zicabangela ukuphakama, ubudala, isimo sonogwaja (i-sucrose noma i-lactation). Ukudla nakho kuncike esikhathini sonyaka. Ukunciphisa ukulahlekelwa ukushisa ngenxa yamazinga okushisa aphansi, ebusika okuqukethwe kwekhalori yemenyu yonogwaja ngokuvamile kufanele kube ngaphezulu kuka-15% kunasehlobo.

Izinketho Zokudla Kogwaja

Bahlukaniswe ngamaqembu alandelayo:

• namanzi: izaqathe, amakhabe, ifolishi beet (ushukela awufanele), turnips, silage, turnips;
• izilwane: i-silkworm (i-pupa), ubisi olungenawo amafutha, i-whey, ibhotela, ukudla kwamathambo, amafutha ezinhlanzi;
• okuluhlaza: ama-dandelion, i-alfalfa, izimbabazane ezincane, i-rhubarb, ukhova, ezinye izinhlobo eziningi ezahlukene zensimu notshani;
• i-coarse: utshani, amagatsha esihlahla se-coniferous, utshani obuvela ku-legumes nokusanhlamvu;
• okugxilile: i-bran, i-oats ephelele noma echotshoziwe, ikhekhe, okusanhlamvu okuchotshoziwe (ngendlela yephalishi noma efakwe emanzini), konke ukudla okuhlanganisiwe (ngaphandle kwalokho okusetshenziselwa izinyoni);
• imfucumfucu yokudla: izaqathe namazambane amakhasi, i-pasta, amasobho ahlukahlukene kanye nokusanhlamvu, isinkwa esomisiwe esimnyama noma esimhlophe (kubalulekile ukuthi imikhiqizo isha);
• amavithamini namaminerali: ushoki, ukudla kwamathambo, usawoti odliwayo (unxephezela ukuntuleka kwe-chlorine ne-sodium).

Izinhlobo eziyinhloko zokudla onogwaja

Ngohlobo oluxubile lokuphakela onogwaja, ukondleka kwezilwane kwenziwa ngokuxuba i-herbal, i-succulent, i-coarse, i-feed yezilwane kanye ne-cereal igxila esimweni esiwugqinsi noma esiwuketshezi. Lolu hlobo lokudla konogwaja lusetshenziswa kakhulu emapulazini amancane, njengoba inqubo yokwenza izingxube inzima ukuyifaka ngemishini futhi inzima kakhulu.

Uhlobo olomile lokudla okunogwaja lusho ukuthi izilwane zondliwa ngokuphakelayo okwenziwe ngomumo okwenziwe, okuthi ekubunjweni kwabo kube nazo zonke izinto ezidingekayo: i-calcium, amaprotheni, i-phosphorus. Ngokuya ngeqembu lobudala, ukudla kulungiselelwe ngokwehlukana kwezilwane ezincane kanye nabantu abadala, futhi isimo lapho onogwaja bakhona (ukukhwelana, ukuphumula, ukukhulelwa, ukuncelisa) nakho kuyacatshangelwa. Isiphakeli esihlanganisiwe sithelwa kuma-feeders izikhathi eziningana ngesonto.

Izici zokudla onogwaja ebusika

Ngokungafani nokudla kwasehlobo, okuhlanganisa ikakhulukazi utshani nemifino, ngenkathi ebandayo, onogwaja ikakhulukazi badla utshani. Kuyadingeka ukugcina cishe ama-40 kg we-hay ngesilwane ngasinye. Kufanele ihlanganise izindwani ezincane nezinde zotshani ekubunjweni kwayo, ibe nephunga elinamandla, elimnandi nelisha. Utshani obusezingeni eliphezulu obuphuzi noma obuluhlaza ngombala futhi akumele bube nothuli. Iqukethe amanani amancane e-clover, i-alfalfa ne-rhubarb. Esimeni lapho onogwaja bedla utshani ngaphandle kwesifiso sokudla, ufulawa omncane wengezwa kuwo noma oswakanyiswe ngamanzi anosawoti.

Ividiyo - ukudla kukanogwaja omkhulu:

Kodwa akufanele unciphise ukudla kwesilwane kulo mkhiqizo kuphela, noma ngabe usezingeni eliphezulu kakhulu ekubunjweni. Ngaphezu kwalokho, unganikeza amakhoba e-pea, utshani, amagatsha okhuni omisiwe ngoJuni-Julayi. Amagatsha amagilebhisi nama-apula aqukethe amavithamini amaningi, ungakwazi futhi ukunikeza i-maple, i-pine, amagatsha kamalibhele mayelana ne-100-150 amagremu ngosuku. Amagatsha e-Birch awanconywa ngoba anomphumela omubi ezinso futhi abe nomphumela we-diuretic. Ama-cherry, ama-plums, amabhilikosi, namanye amagatsha ezithelo zamatshe akufanele anikezwe onogwaja, ngoba aqukethe i-hydrocyanic acid.

Ebusika, zidinga amavithamini, izilwane zizophinde zidle ngenjabulo amagxolo nezinaliti zezihlahla ze-coniferous (ngaphakathi kwezinyathelo ezifanele). Ama-acorns omile (cishe amagremu angu-50 ngosuku) angasebenza njengesengezo esihle ekudleni.

Imenyu yasebusika yezilwane ingenziwa ehlukahlukene ngokusebenzisa okusanhlamvu okufudumele kanye nama-bran mashes ngokufaka amanzi amancane ashisayo. Kubalulekile ukuqaphela ukuthi ingxube ayishisi kakhulu, njengoba onogwaja bangasha. Baphinde banikeze ukudla okunejusi: izaqathe, amazambane (ngaphandle kwamehlo), ama-beet efolishi, ama-apula, i-sauerkraut (i-100 g yezilwane ezincane kanye nama-200 g onogwaja abavuthiwe).

Isiphuzo sonogwaja

Kokubili ebusika nasehlobo, onogwaja badinga ukuphuza kakhulu. Kungcono ukushisisa amanzi ebusika ukuze angachithi amandla angaphakathi emzimbeni ngokufudumeza emazingeni okushisa aphansi. Ibuye ivunyelwe ukondla ngeqhwa elihlanzekile, kodwa-ke udinga ukwandisa kancane inani lokudla kwansuku zonke.

Imenyu yasebusika yesilwane esikhulile esimweni esizolile kufanele ibukeke kanje:

• 150-200 g - okuphakelayo okunamanzi, i-silage, izitshalo zezimpande;
• 130 g - ufulawa;
• 90 g - okusanhlamvu okugxila;
• 1 g kasawoti kanye ushoki;

Ukondla onogwaja ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa

Uma ngesikhathi esibandayo izilwane ezifuywayo ezinobungane zigcinwa zifudumele, zihlinzekwa ngokudla okuqhubekayo nokulinganisela, zibe nokukhanya okwanele ngosuku, khona-ke ukuzala kwabesifazane kuzoba okufanayo nakwezinye izinkathi zonyaka. Inzalo ebusika ivame ukuba nempilo futhi ibe mikhulu kunasehlobo.

Imenyu yasebusika yowesifazane okhulelwe, ngaphezu kwe-1 g kashoki kanye ne-1 g kasawoti odliwayo, kufanele ihlanganise:

• 250-300 g - okuphakelayo okumnandi, i-silage;
• 200-250 g - hay high quality;
• 90 g - okusanhlamvu okugxila;

Abesifazane abalindele ukugcwaliswa baphakelwa okungenani izikhathi ezi-3-5 ngosuku. Umuntu ophuzayo kufanele ngaso sonke isikhathi agcwaliswe ngamanzi ahlanzekile nahlanzekile ngevolumu okungenani ilitha elingu-1.

Ukudla kwabesifazane ngesikhathi sokuncelisa

Ubisi lukanogwaja lunomsoco kakhulu, luphakeme ngamafutha kanye ne-calcium kunobisi lwenkomo. Unogwaja ukhiqiza cishe ama-50-200 g aminyene, njengokhilimu, ubisi ngosuku, ngenxa yalokho akwazi ukondla isilinganiso onogwaja abayisi-8. Ukuze insikazi inikeze ubisi olungaka, kufanele idle kahle. Imenyu kamama osemncane kusukela ngesikhathi onogwaja bezalwa kuya ezinsukwini eziyi-16 zenkathi yokuncelisa kufanele ibe nalokhu:

• 300 g - izaqathe noma silage;
• 250 g - ufulawa;
• 80 g - ukugxila okusanhlamvu;

Kusukela ezinsukwini eziyi-16 kuze kube yilapho amawundlu eqala ukudla ukudla okuqinile, kumntwana ngamunye enzalweni, owesifazane kufanele anikezwe:

• 20 g - ukudla okumnandi;
• 20 g - ufulawa;
• 7 g - okusanhlamvu okugxila;

Uma insikazi isadla amawundlu futhi isivele ikhulelwe futhi, khona-ke ukudla kwayo ebusika kufanele kube kanje:

• 200 g - ukudla okumnandi;
• 200 g - ufulawa;
• 70 g - okusanhlamvu okugxila;

Kubaluleke kakhulu ukuqinisekisa ukuthi unogwaja wesifazane uhlale unamanzi anele (noma iqhwa) atholakalayo, njengoba ezimweni eziningi ukoma okunamandla kungaholela insikazi ukuba idle onogwaja bayo. Amanzi abaluleke kakhulu uma izilwane ezincelisayo ezomile (uma kusetshenziswa ukudla okuyimbudumbudu kuphela). Ngeke kube yi-superfluous ukuthi owesifazane odilizwayo noma owesifazane oncelisayo anikeze u-5 g wobisi lonke ngosuku.

Izidingo zabantu abadala

Isikhathi sokukhuluphalisa onogwaja emapulazini angasese ngokuvamile siwela ngenkathi yasekwindla-ebusika. Ukukhathala noma abagulayo, abadala abalahliwe, izilwane ezincane ezineminyaka engu-3-4 ubudala zikhuluphalisiwe. Isikhathi sokukhuluphala sithatha cishe inyanga, futhi sihlukaniswa izikhathi ezi-3 ezihlala cishe izinsuku ezingu-7-10 ngayinye. Udinga ukondla izilwane izikhathi ezi-4 ngosuku, kodwa kungcono ukuzinikeza ukufinyelela njalo kokudla.

Esikhathini sokulungiselela ukukhuluphalisa onogwaja ebusika, udinga ukufaka (ngosuku):

• 100 g - imifino yezimpande (i-turnips, izaqathe);
• 100 g - hay high quality;
• 100 g - okusanhlamvu okugxila;

Phakathi nenkathi eyinhloko:

• 100 g - amazambane abilisiwe nge-bran kakolweni;
• 100 g - utshani obuhle;
• 100 g - okusanhlamvu okugxila;

Esikhathini sokugcina:

• 120 g - amazambane abilisiwe nge-bran kakolweni;
• 120 g - okusanhlamvu okugxila;
• 100 g - amagatsha aspen, umtholo, umjunipha, birch, willow;

Uma onogwaja bedla ngaphandle kwentshiseko enkulu, banikezwa amanzi anosawoti kancane (ingcosana kasawoti yengezwe ku-1 litre lamanzi), futhi phakathi nesithwathwa esinamandla, iqhwa elincane elinosawoti lifakwa ku-feeder. Phakathi nenkathi yokugcina yokukhuluphala, lapho izilwane ziqala ukudla kancane ngokuzithandela, ukwandisa isifiso onogwaja, amakhambi ashisayo ayengezwa kumazambane afudumele nge-bran: i-cumin, i-parsley, i-dill, i-chicory. Uma onogwaja bondliwa ngendlela efanele nangesilinganiso esidingekayo, ngokushesha bazokhula bakhuluphale, futhi bazojabulisa iso lomfuyi ngezinhlangothi zabo eziyindilinga kanye nesikhumba esinwebekayo sikasilika.

Naphezu kweqiniso lokuthi onogwaja abanalo i-capricious kakhulu, badinga ukunakekelwa okufanele nokunakwa. Izilwane ezifuywayo ezisebenzayo, ezinempilo zingaletha umnikazi okhathalelayo, ngaphezu kokwaneliseka kokuziphatha, futhi nemali engenayo enhle.