Ukugonyelwa amarabi ezinja

Ukugonywa kwenja ngokumelene namarabi kuyisinyathelo esiyisibopho kuwo wonke umnikazi owazisa impilo nempilo yesilwane sakhe esifuywayo nawo wonke umuntu oseduze kwakhe. Futhi, yiqiniso, impilo yakho kanye nempilo ikakhulukazi.

Amarabi yisifo esidalwa yigciwane leRabies futhi sisakazwa ngamathe ngokulunywa yisilwane esinaso. Isikhathi sokufakwa kwalesi sifo sihlala sihlukile futhi sisukela ezinsukwini ezimbalwa kuya onyakeni. Leli gciwane lisakazekela ezinzwani liye ebuchosheni futhi, lapho lifika kulo, libangele izinguquko ezingenakulungiseka. Amarabi ayingozi kubo bonke abanegazi elifudumele.

Naphezu kwesimo esingelapheki samarabi kanye nosongo lwangempela ezilwaneni nakubantu, abanikazi bezilwane ezifuywayo abaningi namuhla abakunaki ukugoma. Izaba zakudala yilezi: “Kungani inja yami (noma ikati) ingathola amarabi? Lokhu ngeke neze kwenzeke kithi!” Kodwa izibalo zibonisa okuphambene: ngo-2015, imitholampilo engu-6 yaseMoscow yamemezela ukuthi ihlukaniswe yodwa mayelana nokuqubuka kwalesi sifo, futhi phakathi kuka-2008 no-2011, abantu abangu-57 babulawa amarabi. Cishe kuzo zonke izimo, imithombo yokutheleleka kakade yayiyizinja ezifuywayo ezigulayo namakati!

Uma, ngenxa yokutholakala okukhulu kukaLouis Pasteur, owasungula umuthi wokugomela amarabi ngo-1880, ukutheleleka kungavinjelwa namuhla, khona-ke lesi sifo ngeke sisakwazi ukuphulukiswa ngemva kokuqala kwezimpawu. Lokhu kusho ukuthi zonke izilwane ezinegciwane ezinezimpawu ziyafa nakanjani. Isiphetho esifanayo, ngeshwa, sisebenza kubantu.

Ngemuva kokulunywa kwesilwane (kokubili kwasendle nasekhaya), kuyadingeka ukwenza inkambo yomjovo ngokushesha ngangokunokwenzeka ukuze kubhubhise lesi sifo sisencane, ngaphambi kokuba kuvele izimpawu zokuqala.

Uma wena noma inja yakho ulunywe esinye isilwane esifuywayo esesigonyelwe kakade amarabi, ingozi yokutheleleka incane. Kulokhu, kuyadingeka ukuqinisekisa ubuqiniso bomgomo. Kuya ngokuthi ubani olunyiwe (umuntu noma isilwane), thintana negumbi lezimo eziphuthumayo kanye / noma Isiteshi Sokulawula Izifo Zezilwane (SBBZH = umtholampilo wezilwane kahulumeni) ukuze uthole izincomo ezengeziwe.

Uma ulunywe isilwane sasendle esingagonyiwe noma esidukile, kufanele uxhumane nomtholampilo (i-SBBZH noma igumbi lezimo eziphuthumayo) ngokushesha ngangokunokwenzeka futhi, uma kungenzeka, ulethe lesi silwane nawe uye e-SBZZh ukuze uvalelwe yedwa (amasonto ama-2). 

Uma kungenakwenzeka ukuletha ngokuphepha isilwane (ngaphandle kokulimala okusha) esikulumile wena nesilwane sakho esifuywayo, kufanele ushayele i-BBBZ ubike isilwane esiyingozi ukuze sibanjwe. Uma izimpawu zivela, isilwane sizobulawa futhi umuntu olunyiwe athole umjovo ogcwele. Uma isilwane sinempilo, inkambo yokujova izophazamiseka. Uma kungenakwenzeka ukuletha isilwane emtholampilo, isisulu sinikezwa umjovo ogcwele.

Izinja ezifuywayo namakati angaxhumani nezilwane zasendle - imithombo yemvelo yokutheleleka - zitheleleka kanjani ngamarabi? Kulula kakhulu. 

Ngenkathi uhamba epaki, i-hedgehog enamarabi iluma inja yakho bese idlulisela igciwane kuyo. Noma impungushe ethelelekile ephume ehlathini yangena edolobheni ihlasela inja elahlekile, yona, edlulisela leli gciwane ku-Labrador ehlanzekile ehamba ngokuthula ngentambo. Enye indawo egcina imvelo yamarabi amagundane, ahlala ngobuningi phakathi kwedolobha futhi ahlangana nezinye izilwane. Kunezibonelo eziningi, kodwa amaqiniso angamaqiniso, futhi amarabi namuhla ayingozi ngempela kokubili izilwane ezifuywayo kanye nabanikazi bazo.

Isimo siyinkimbinkimbi yiqiniso lokuthi akwenzeki ngaso sonke isikhathi ukunquma ukuthi izilwane zigula ngezimpawu zangaphandle. Ukuba khona kwegciwane ematheni esilwane kungenzeka ngisho nezinsuku ezingu-10 ngaphambi kokuba kuvele izimpawu zokuqala zesifo. 

Isikhathi esithile, isilwane esivele sinegciwane singaziphatha ngendlela evamile, kodwa kakade sibeka usongo kuwo wonke umuntu oseduze.

Ngokuqondene nezimpawu zesifo, isilwane esinegciwane sibonisa izinguquko eziphawulekayo ekuziphatheni. Kunezinhlobo ezimbili zamarabi anemibandela: “uhlobo” kanye “nolaka”. Njengoba izilwane zasendle “ezinomusa” ziyeka ukwesaba abantu, ziphumele emadolobheni futhi zibe nothando, njengezilwane ezifuywayo. Inja enhle yasekhaya, ngokuphambene nalokho, ingavele ibe nolaka futhi ingavumeli noma ubani eduze kwayo. Esilwaneni esinegciwane, ukuhlanganiswa kokunyakaza kuyaphazamiseka, izinga lokushisa liyakhuphuka, ukuthungatha kwamathe kuyanda (ngokuqondile, isilwane asikwazi ukugwinya amathe), ukubona izinto ezingekho, amanzi, umsindo nokuzwa ukukhanya, kuqale ukudlikizeka. Esigabeni sokugcina salesi sifo, ukukhubazeka komzimba wonke kwenzeka, okuholela ekucindezelekeni.

Okuwukuphela kwendlela yokuvikela isilwane sakho (kanye nawo wonke umuntu oseduze nawe) esifweni esibi ukugoma. Isilwane sijovwa ngegciwane elibulewe (i-antigen), elivusa ukukhiqizwa kwamasosha omzimba ukuze liwubhubhise futhi, ngenxa yalokho, ukuzivikela okwengeziwe kuleli gciwane. Ngakho-ke, lapho i-pathogen ingena emzimbeni futhi, isimiso somzimba sokuzivikela ezifweni sihlangana nayo namasosha omzimba enziwe ngomumo futhi alibhubhise ngokushesha leli gciwane, livimbele ukuba lingaphindaphindeki.

Umzimba wesilwane uvikeleke ngokwanele kuphela ngokugoma konyaka! Akwanele ukugoma isilwane kanye sinezinyanga ezi-3 ukuze usivikele kumarabi ukuphila kwakho konke! Ukuze ukuzivikela ngokumelene negciwane kuzinze ngokwanele, ukuvuselelwa kabusha kufanele kwenziwe njalo ezinyangeni eziyi-12!

Ubuncane beminyaka yenja yokugoma kokuqala yizinyanga ezi-3. Izilwane ezinempilo enempilo kuphela ezivunyelwe inqubo.

Ngokugoma isilwane sakho minyaka yonke, uzonciphisa kakhulu ingozi yesilwane sakho esifuywayo sokuthola amarabi. Nokho, awukho umuthi wokugoma ohlinzeka ngokuvikelwa okungu-100%. Ezilwaneni ezincane, amasosha omzimba awakhiqizwa nhlobo ukuze kusetshenziswe umuthi. Qiniseka ukuthi ugcine lokhu engqondweni futhi ulandele izincomo ezichazwe ngenhla.

• Ngaphambi kokuthi u-Louis Pasteur asungule umuthi wokugomela amarabi ngo-1880, lesi sifo sasibulala ngo-100%: zonke izilwane nabantu ababelunywe isilwane esasinaso kakade bafa.

• Okuwukuphela kwezinhlobo zemvelo ezingakwazi ukubhekana nalesi sifo ngokwazo yizimpungushe.

• Igama elithi "rabies" livela egameni elithi "idemoni". Emakhulwini ambalwa nje eminyaka adlule, kwakunenkolelo yokuthi imbangela yalesi sifo ukungenwa imimoya emibi.

I-athikili ibhalwe ngokusekelwa uchwepheshe: UMac Boris Vladimirovich, udokotela wezilwane kanye nomelaphi emtholampilo waseSputnik.