UFaro wezigwaca: izici zokugcina nokuzalanisa lolu hlobo lwenyama

Abantu abaningi bazalanisa izigwaca, hhayi izinkukhu. Lokhu kukhetha kuchazwa ngokuntuleka kwesidingo sokwakha ihhoko lezinkukhu. Ngakho-ke, ngezigwaca ezingama-30-50, ikheji elincane eli-1 lanele. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, inani elifanayo lezinyoni zikaFaro lingabekela amaqanda angama-40-50 ngosuku. Ngokwemvelo, ngaphambi kokuthenga izilwane ezincane, kufanele kuqashelwe ukudala izimo ezidingekayo zokugcina nokufunda izici zokuzalanisa.

Incazelo yohlobo

Izigwaca zikaFaro zingowenyama. Abanye ochwepheshe bathi isisindo sowesifazane singafinyelela ku-500 g ngokudla okufanele. Kodwa-ke, ekusebenzeni, le pharamitha ingu-300-350 g. Abesilisa banesisindo esingaphansi - 200-280 g. Kumele kukhunjulwe ukuthi amatshwele angama-30-40% kuphela akhula amakhulu kakhulu.

Kubalulekile ukunaka iqiniso lokuthi akuwona wonke umfuyi wezigwaca okwazi ukuthola uhlobo oluhlanzekile oluzothengiswa. Abanye abalimi abangathembekile banikeza izigwaca zaseJapane noma zase-Estonia njengoFaro, umbala wazo ocishe ufane. Umehluko omkhulu phakathi kwalezi zinhlobo ukukhiqizwa kwamaqanda, kanye nokuzuza isisindo.

Izinzuzo zikaFaro quail yilezi:

• ukukhuthazela kwamatshwele;
• cishe ama-90% amaqanda avundisiwe;
• ukukhiqizwa kweqanda ezingeni lezingcezu ezingu-200-270 ngonyaka;
• amathuba okusetshenziselwa ukukhiqiza ama-broilers.

Ukungalungi kuhlanganisa ukuqina ezimweni zokuvalelwa, ikakhulukazi emazingeni okushisa. Futhi, abanye ochwepheshe babheka umbala wasendle njengokususa kohlobo, okungase kubhebhethekise isethulo.

Ukuthenga izigwaca

Kudingeka ukuthenga izigwaca ezindala zohlobo lukaFaro eminyakeni yobudala eyizinyanga eziyi-1,5, ngoba abesifazane abanjalo sebevele sebekhulile, okusho ukuthi bayakwazi ukubeka amaqanda.

Ezilwaneni ezincane, kufanele uxhumane nepulazi lezigwaca noma ngokuqondile kubafuyi. Kudingekile ukucabangela iqiniso lokuthi ungathenga izigwaca nganoma yisiphi isikhathi sonyaka, ngoba izimo zezulu aziphazamisi ukukhiqiza kwazo.

Imibandela yokuboshwa

Ukuze kuthuthukiswe kahle izigwaca zohlobo lukaFaro, kuyadingeka hlinzeka ngezimo ezifanele. Ngakho-ke, udinga ukulungiselela kusenesikhathi indawo lapho izinga lokushisa lomoya elingaguquki lingaba ngu-20º C. Uma liwela ngaphansi kuka-12º C noma likhuphuka ngaphezu kuka-25º C, ukukhiqiza kwezinyoni kuzokwehla. Lapho kushisa, izigwaca zizoqala ukulahlekelwa izimpaphe, futhi emazingeni okushisa angaphansi kuka-5º C, zingase zife.

Isimo esibaluleke ngokulinganayo ubukhona bengqamuzana elifanele. Abantu abanquma kuqala ukuzalanisa izigwaca zikaFaro badinga ukuthenga ikheji elikhethekile elenzelwe izigwaca, hhayi ama-parrots noma ezinye izinyoni.

Izidingo zekheji:

• Izingxenye eziyinhloko kufanele zidalwe kusuka ku-galvanized mesh, kanye nensimbi.
• Iziphuzo kanye neziphakeli kufanele zibe ngemuva kodonga lwangaphambili. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, kuyadingeka ukuqinisekisa ukuthi kwanele ukuthi izigwaca zinamathele amakhanda azo ukuze zidle ukudla.
• Ukuphakama kwekheji akufanele kudlule ku-20 cm, ngaphandle kwalokho abanye abantu bangase balimala.
• Qinisekisa ukuthi unethreyi yamaqanda njengoba ezinsikazi zilala ngqo phansi.
• Ithreyi elihloselwe udoti kufanele lilungiswe kusenesikhathi. Ngenxa yokungabikho kwayo, amaqanda azongcoliswa ngokushesha, futhi amathuba okuba nezifo ezithathelwanayo azokwanda.

Ukudla

Ochwepheshe batusa ukuthi nakanjani uthenge izingxube ezazisetshenziselwa ukuzondla kanye nezigwaca. Lokhu kubaluleke kakhulu, ngoba ngenxa yoshintsho olubukhali endaweni yokuvalelwa nokudla, ukukhiqizwa kwamaqanda kuncipha. Ukungagayeki kokudla nakho kungenzeka. Udinga ukuthenga ukudla, inani lalo elanele inyanga. Ngalesi sikhathi, kuyadingeka ukudlulisa kancane kancane izinyoni ekudleni kwazo. Ingxenye yayo eyinhloko yi ukolweni nommbila ochotshoziwe. Kuvunyelwe futhi ukusebenzisa ezinye izinhlamvu ngenani elingeqile ku-10%. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukudla kufanele kufake i-fishmeal, isidlo sikabhekilanga, ushoki namagobolondo.

I-Compound feed ifaneleka kakhulu ekukhuleni kwezinhlobo zezigwaca. Zidinga khetha ngokweminyaka yezigwaca:

• kufika kumaviki angu-3 - i-PC-5;
• ngemva kwamasonto ama-3 - amagobolondo e-PC-6 no-5-10%;
• abadala - i-PC-1 noma i-PC-2 ngokungezwa kwamagobolondo.

Izigwaca zanoma yimuphi ubudala ziphuza kakhulu. Ngokunjalo, kuyadingeka ukuqinisekisa ukuthi amanzi ayatholakala ngaso sonke isikhathi. Ishintshwa okungenani izikhathi ezi-3 ngosuku. Lapho ukhulisa imfuyo enkulu, kufanelekile ukulungiselela abaphuza ngamanzi agelezayo.

Abaphuza ivacuum bafanele izilwane ezincane. Sikhuluma ngembiza ehlanekezelwe, intamo yehliselwa esitsheni esincane. Ngenxa yalesi sici, ungqimba lwamanzi ngeke ludlule u-15 mm, okusho ukuthi amatshwele ngeke aminyanise. Esitsheni esinjalo sokuphuza, amanzi kufanele ashintshwe okungenani izikhathi ezi-2 ngosuku.

Ukunakekelwa okuyisisekelo

Ngokuvamile, ukunakekela izigwaca zikaFaro ayibangeli ubunzima obuningi. Ezimweni eziningi, kufanele wenze umzamo omkhulu phambi kwabantu abaningi. Ngakho-ke, kufanele uhlanze njalo udoti, ushintshe amanzi, usakaze ukudla futhi uqoqe amaqanda. Kokubili izingane nasebekhulile bazobhekana nomsebenzi onjalo.

• Ukuze izigwaca zikhule kahle, kuyadingeka ukuqapha izinga lokushisa ekamelweni, futhi lifake umoya uma kunesidingo. Kubalulekile ukugwema okusalungiswa.
• Izikhathi eziningana ngesonto, ukugeza kwesihlabathi kufanele kufakwe ekhejini, lapho izinyoni zizogeza khona. Ngenxa yalokhu, izigwaca ziqeda ama-parasite.
• Ngezikhathi ezithile, udinga ukuhlola imfuyo ukuze ubone izinyoni ezigulayo.
• Nakuba izigwaca ngokuvamile zibhekwa njengezimelana nezifo, ukuphapha nokuqhwanda kungenzeka uma zinganakekelwa kahle. Lokhu kungabangelwa ukuntuleka kokudla, ukukhanya okukhanyayo kakhulu, izimo zokushisa ezingalungile kanye nokusalungiswa.

Breeding

Ukuzalanisa izigwaca zohlobo lukaFaro, ngokuvamile i-incubator esetshenzisiwe. Lokhu kukuvumela ukuthi uthole inyama namaqanda, kanye nokwandisa imfuyo. Ochwepheshe batusa ukubeka inqwaba yamaqanda ku-incubator, ngenxa yokuthi iphesenti lokuchanyuselwa kwezigwaca lizokhula. Ngalezi zinhloso, amaqanda amasha, angekho ngaphezu kwezinsuku eziyi-7 ubudala, afanelekile. Zithengwa emapulazini akhethekile noma kubafuyi.

Amatshwele azalwa ngemva kwezinsuku ezingaba ngu-17. Ku-incubator, amaqanda kufanele aphendulwe okungenani izikhathi ezi-3 ngosuku. Izinga lokushisa phakathi nezinsuku eziyi-10 zokuqala kufanele libe ngu-38,5º C, izinsuku eziyi-7 zokugcina - 38º C, futhi ngosuku lokugcina kanye nakulo lonke ukuchanyuselwa - 37,5º C.

Ukuchanyuselwa kwamatshwele kwenzeka ngobuningi. Yebo, izigwaca bazalwa emahoreni ayi-10 nje. Abantu abachanyuselwe ngemva kwamahora angu-12 noma kamuva akufanele bashiywe, njengoba cishe njalo befa.

Ukugcina amatshwele

Ezinsukwini ezimbalwa zokuqala, izinga lokushisa ekamelweni elinezigwaca kufanele libe ngu-30-35º C. Yehliswa ibe ngu-25º C phakathi nenyanga. Ukukhanya okujikelezayo kuyodingeka amasonto ama-2, bese amahora okukhanya ehliswa abe amahora ayi-17.

Ngaphambi kokuchanyuselwa kudingeka alungise brooder. Eqinisweni, kungaba ibhokisi elenziwe ngekhadibhodi noma ngokhuni. Kufanele imbozwe nge-mesh ethambile. Uma amatshwele enamasonto amabili ubudala, afakwa ehhokweni lezigwaca ezindala. Ukugcina izimo zokushisa ezidingekayo lapha, isakhiwo simbozwe nge-polycarbonate yeselula enezimbobo zokungenisa umoya ezilungiselelwe ngaphambilini.

Ukondla amatshwele

Emasontweni ambalwa okuqala, izigwaca zikaFaro ziphakelwa amaqanda abilisiwe, agaywe ngaphambili. Ngemva kwesikhashana, ungasebenzisa ukudla okuhlanganisiwe okuhloselwe izinkukhu ze-broiler.

Iziqukathi ezincane ezinezinhlangothi eziphansi zifanelekile njengeziphakeli, futhi abaphuzayo kufanele bavale, ngaphandle kwalokho amatshwele angaminyanisa.

ukuthola inyama

Lapho ukhula izigwaca zohlobo lukaFaro, kuyadingeka ukuthola inyama hlukanisa izikhukhukazi nabesilisa enyangeni eyodwa yobudala. Izimo ezibalulekile kulesi sigaba zibhekwa njengokwanda kwabantu ekhejini nokukhanya okuphansi. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kuyadingeka ukuqapha ukutholakala njalo kwamanzi nokudla.

Ukukhethwa kokuhlatshwa okulandelayo kwenziwa kusukela ezinyangeni eziyi-1,5. Okokuqala, kuhlatshwa izinyoni ezinkulu, futhi kusukela ezinyangeni ezi-2 kuyithuba labo bonke abanye. Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi izigwaca zifinyelela ekuvuthweni. Ngakho-ke, ukugcinwa kwabo okwengeziwe kuholela ekusetshenzisweni ngokweqile kokudla.

Amahora angu-10-12 ngaphambi kokuhlwanyela isidingo sokususa amanzi nokudlaukuze amathumbu ezigwaca akhululeke. Ukusika ikhanda, sebenzisa i-pruner noma isikelo. Isidumbu siyacutshungulwa lapho igazi seliphumile. Ukuze wenze lokhu, izinyoni zicwiliswa esitsheni samanzi ashisayo, izinga lokushisa elingadluli ku-70º C, imizuzwana embalwa. Ngemva kwalokho, udinga ukukha ngokucophelela isidumbu.

Uma isimo sokushisa esifanele sibonwa, ukutshalwa kwezigwaca zohlobo lukaFaro ngeke kubangele ubunzima obukhethekile. Ukuze uthole inyama namaqanda engeziwe, udinga ukucosha ukudla okuhle futhi uhlole imfuyo ngezikhathi ezithile ukuze kutholakale abantu abagulayo ngesikhathi.