Indlela yokususa umkhaza ekati noma ekati: izici ze-parasite, izindlela zokususa, izindlela zokuzivikela kanye namathiphu awusizo

Imindeni emithathu yaziwa (ixodic, gamasoid, uropods), ehlanganisa izinhlobo eziningi zemikhaza - abathwali bezifo ezihlukahlukene eziyingozi kubantu nasezilwaneni. Ezimbili zalezi zinhlobo zisengozini yokutheleleka nge-encephalitis: i-taiga ne-canine. Imikhaza ye-Taiga inephethini elimnyama emzimbeni obomvu - ijwayelekile eMpumalanga Ekude naseSiberia. Engxenyeni ye-Eurasia yaseRussia, kukhona imikhaza yenja efana nesikhwama esimpunga esinemilenze eyisithupha ngaphambili.

Incazelo yemikhaza nezindlela zokuvikela

Amakhizane - ama-arachnids amancane enamapheya angu-3-4 emilenze, umzimba oval nekhanda elincane. Inomzimba oyisicaba, i-proboscis ebukhali ekhanda elincane, izidladla eziqinile eziqinile. Zidla igazi futhi zanda ngosayizi, zithatha ukudla kwazo kusuka ku-0,5 cm kuya ku-1,5 cm.

Ngaphambi kokuba i-arthropod iqale ukubeka amaqanda, idlula ezigabeni ezine zokuguqulwa - iqanda, isibungu, i-nymph, umuntu omdala. Konke zidla igazi futhi umjikelezo wempilo we-arachnid eyodwa uthatha izinyanga ezi-2.

Ukuvikela ikati noma ikati ekuhambeni ehlobo ekulunyweni kwama-parasite, kuyadingeka sebenzisa amalungiselelo akhethekile noma amakholomu. Zonke izivikelo ezidingekayo zamakati zithengiswa ezitolo zezilwane ezifuywayo kanye namakhemisi ezilwane.

Ngaphansi kwezimo akufanele kusetshenziswe izidakamizwa zezinja kumakati, njengoba zinobuthi kakhulu futhi zingabulala. Ngokukhethekile ngaphambi kokuthenga izinto zokuvikela ikati thintana nodokotela wezilwane.

Lezi zinambuzane, njengomiyane, zinamandla abathwali bezifo ezithathelwanayo - i-encephalitis, i-borrelia, isifo se-Lyme. Ukuze uzibhubhise, akunconywa ikakhulukazi ukuchoboza, ngoba izinsalela zayo zingase zibe umthombo wokutheleleka. Kodwa akuwona wonke umkhaza obeka usongo lokutheleleka, yingakho ehlolwa ezindaweni zokucwaninga.

Indlela eyintandokazi yabahlali basemadolobheni yokususa ama-arachnid amancane angamenyiwe ukwehla emgodini wendle, lezi zinambuzane eziqinile azithinteki futhi ziyaqhubeka nokuphindaphindeka. Ukuphazamisa uchungechunge lokubekela amaqanda amasha, imikhaza ibhujiswa ngomlilo noma ibekwe otshwaleni imizuzu embalwa.

Indawo yokuhlala ama-parasites

Izinambuzane ezesabekayo zihlala otshanini nasezihlahleningaphandle kokukhuphuka ngaphezu kwemitha ukusuka phansi. Izilwane ezifuywayo nazo zingangena ezingutsheni nasezintweni zomnikazi wesilwane. Ngemuva kokuhamba ngakunye, kuhle ukuhlola amakati ahamba "wodwa" kanye nabanikazi. Isikhumba esincanyana sekati sisengozini yokuhlaselwa imikhaza:

• intamo;
• okhalweni;
• isisu;
• isifunda inguinal;
• ama-axillary folds;
• izindawo eziseduze nezindlebe namehlo;
• izikhala interdigital;
• isifunda sangemuva.

Ama-parasite asebenza kakhulu entwasahlobo nasekwindla. Babheka indawo efanelekile yokuluma kusukela emaminithini ambalwa kuya emahoreni angu-2-3. Njengoba ingena esikhunjeni sawo esikhumbeni sesilwane, umkhaza ukhipha amathe anamathelayo, aqina ngokuhamba kwesikhathi.

Ithikhi kumele ilwele susa ngokushesha ngangokunokwenzeka ngoba ngesikhathi sokudla kwabo, umkhaza ungadlulisela amagciwane ezifo ezihlukahlukene egazini. Umzimba womkhaza ovela egazini elingenayo uqala ukufutheka futhi ubonakale ikakhulukazi. Iba njenge-papilloma. Inqubo yokugcwala kwesinambuzane ingahlala amahora angama-2-3.

Indlela yokukhipha umkhaza ekati

Uma ulunywe umkhaza, kuhle ngaso sonke isikhathi ukuya kudokotela. Ezikhungweni zezokwelapha, imikhaza isuswa ngamadivaysi akhethekile. Njengoba izindlela zokususa imikhaza azihlukani kakhulu phakathi kwabantu nezilwane, lezo mishini zingathengwa ezitolo zezimpahla zemidlalo nasezitolo zezilwane.

Endabeni yokususwa kokuqala kwe-parasite ekhaya, odokotela bazohlola ukususwa ngokuphelele komkhaza bese bethumela umzimba womukha elabhorethri ukuze uhlolwe.

Le nqubo kumele yenziwe kumagilavu ​​enjoloba – isifo esisemzimbeni wesinambuzane singangena kalula esikhumbeni siye kumuntu. Ukusebenza kwasekhaya ukuze kukhishwe umkhaza kwenziwa ngezandla ezivikelwe (amagilavu ​​​​enjoloba, uboya bekotini), njengoba ukutheleleka okuvela kumkhaza kungangena esikhumbeni. Wonke umuntu owawasusa kubantu uyazi ukuthi uwukhipha kanjani umkhaza ekatini. Ekhaya uzodinga:

• udlawana;
• uboya bekotini;
• izibulala-magciwane.

Umsebenzi wokususa

Amafutha kabhekilanga, uphalafini, uphethiloli, i-petroleum jelly, utshwala busebenza njengezithukuthezi ku-parasite futhi buyishukumise ukuthi ingenise amathe amaningi anamagciwane e-pathogenic esilondeni. Uma singafuni ukulimaza ikati, ngeke sisebenzise amakhambi angenhla esilondeni ngomkhaza.

Kumele ngikucabangisise ukulungiswa kwezilwane ukususwa okuzolile kwe-bloodsucker emunca. Ngokuvamile bacela izihlobo noma abangani ukuthi babambe ikati. Uma indawo yokuluma ivumela, ungakwazi ukusonga isilwane sakho ngethawula.

Khona-ke, ngama-tweezers, cindezela ngobumnene indawo ku-tick eduze kwekhanda ngangokunokwenzeka futhi donsa ngaphandle kokunyakaza okungazelelwe, izungeza kancane eksisi yayo. Amathuba okuhlukaniswa kwekhanda emzimbeni womkhaza ekati ahlala ekhona, ngakho-ke uma lokhu kwenzeka, khona-ke ingxenye esele enxebeni ingasuswa ngokuhlukile ngama-tweezers.

Uma izinhlayiya ze-parasite zihlala enxebeni, lokhu akubangeli ingozi empilweni yesilwane. Amasosha omzimba wekati azophoqelela into yangaphandle, enze i-foci encane yokuvuvukala ezungezile.

Silapha isilonda kusukela ekulunyweni ngeswabhu kakotini ngesinye sezibulali magciwane:

1. Iodine.
2. Zelenko.
3. Utshwala.
4. Ukugcoba ngama-antibiotics.

Susa amagilavu ​​enjoloba bese ugeza izandla. Ungakhohlwa ukukhuluma ngothando nekati noma ikati. Ukuze isilwane sehlise umoya, udinga ukumnika ukudla, umnike ukunambitheka okuthandayo. Ukuze uthole i-prophylaxis emtholampilo wezilwane, ngemva kokukhipha umkhaza, ikati lingathola umjovo we-immunoglobulin ngemali engabizi kakhulu.

Ukuphulukiswa okuphelele kwesilonda sokulunywa ekati noma ekatini kungalindelwa emavikini ama-2. Ngezinye izikhathi i-bald patch noma isibazi sihlala kule ndawo, esingabangelwa amathe e-pathogenic. Uma ukuvuvukala kubonakala endaweni yesilonda, khona-ke kuzosiza ukukhulula ukucasuka. i-hydrocortisone spray.

Akuwona wonke ama-arthropods abathwali bezifo, kodwa phakathi nenyanga ngemva kokulunywa, kufanele uqaphe ngokucophelela isimo sekati. Ngalesi sikhathi sokufukamela, ezifweni ezingathwalwa imikhaza, kufanele kukhulunywe nodokotela uma kuvela izimpawu zokugula esilwaneni.

Ezinye izinhlobo zezimuncagazi ezilwaneni

Uma ikati noma ikati lihlala lihlanganisa isikhumba eduze nezindlebe kanye nenani eleqile lesibabule namachashazi amnyama avela kuma-auricles, khona-ke lokhu izimpawu ze-parasite yendlebe. Uma ukwelashwa kungaqalwa ngokushesha, lesi zinambuzane ezincane zingaholela ekulahlekelweni kwezindlebe esilwaneni. Ukuhlolwa ngudokotela wezilwane kuyadingeka.

Ukuluma okukhulu, ukuvuvukala kwesikhumba, ukulahlekelwa izinwele ekati kubangelwa i-microscopic utwayi izibunguehlala ebusweni bonke besikhumba. Ukuvakashela ikati nomnikazi emtholampilo wezilwane ukuze kuxilongwe futhi anikeze ukwelashwa akunakugwenywa.

Lezo zinambuzane ezihlala ezitshalweni zingabangela ukukhubazeka kwekati okubangelwa ubuthi obuvela ematheni okubulala izinzwa. Ngakho-ke, ngaphezu kokusetshenziswa kwemishini ekhethekile yesimanje, kuyadingeka njalo ngemva kokuhamba hlola ikati futhi ususe izihambeli ezingamenyiwe emgwaqeni.