I-Grasshopper hamster, eyaziwa nangokuthi i-scorpion

Kubantu abaningi, i-hamster iyisidalwa esingenangozi futhi esihle esingalimaza sona kuphela. Kodwa-ke, emazweni aseningizimu-ntshonalanga ye-United States, nasezifundeni ezingomakhelwane zaseMexico, kuhlala uhlobo oluyingqayizivele lwale gundane - i-hamster yentethe evamile, eyaziwa nangokuthi i-scorpion hamster.

I-rodent ihluke ezihlotsheni zayo ngokuthi iyisilwane futhi iyakwazi, ngaphandle kokulimala, ukubekezelela imiphumela yomunye wobuthi obunamandla kakhulu emhlabeni - ushevu we-American tree scorpion, okuluma kwayo kuyabulala ngisho nakubantu.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, i-hamster ayesabi nakancane ubuhlungu, ukuguqulwa komzimba okuyingqayizivele kwelinye lamaprotheni kumvumela ukuthi avele avimbe ubuhlungu uma kunesidingo futhi asebenzise ubuthi obunamandla kakhulu be-scorpion njengomjovo we-adrenaline. Ku-hamster yentethe, ubuthi bukafezela bunomphumela ovuselelayo, njengenkomishi ye-espresso ephekwe kahle.

Izici

I-Grasshopper hamster uhlobo lwamagundane omndeni ongaphansi we-hamster. Ubude bomzimba wayo abudluli ku-8-14 cm, okuyi-1/4 ubude bomsila. Isisindo futhi sincane - kuphela 50 - 70 g. Uma kuqhathaniswa negundane elivamile, i-hamster inkulu futhi inomsila omfushane. Ijazi libomvu-ophuzi, futhi ichopho lomsila limhlophe, ezidlalweni zalo zangaphambili kuneminwe emi-4 kuphela, nasemilenzeni yangemuva 5.

Endle, kuye ngendawo yokuhlala, izinhlobo ezi-3 kuphela zaleli gundane ezitholakalayo:

1. INingizimu (Onychomys arenicola);
2. Enyakatho (Onychomys leucogaster);
3. I-hamster ka-Mirsna (Onychomys arenicola).

Ukuphila

I-hamster yentethe iyisilwane esizingelayo esikhetha ukudla hhayi izinambuzane kuphela, kodwa nezidalwa ezifanayo. Lolu hlobo lwegundane lubonakala ngokudla abantu, kodwa kuphela uma kungekho okunye ukudla okusele endaweni.

Lo mbulali ongenamizwa udla kakhulu ebusuku futhi udla izintethe, amagundane, amagundane kanye nama-scorpion arthropods anobuthi.

I-rodent encane e-nimble iphakeme kunezakwabo ezinamandla nezikhudlwana. Imvamisa izibonelo ezinkulu zamagundane asendle namagundane avamile asensimini aba isisulu se-hamster yentethe. Igama lakhe lesibili walithola ngokunembile ngenxa yokuthi, ngokungafani nazo zonke ezinye izidalwa ezihlala endaweni yakhe, uyakwazi ukulwa ngisho nomphikisi owesabekayo noyingozi njengofezela wesihlahla, ubuthi bakhe obungenabungozi ku-hamster.

Ngesikhathi esifanayo, empini enzima, i-hamster ithola ama-punctures amaningi aqinile futhi ilume kusuka ku-arthropod, kodwa ngesikhathi esifanayo ibekezelela noma yikuphi ubuhlungu. Ama-scorpion hamster ayedwa, awazingeli eqenjini futhi ezimweni ezingavamile kuphela angakwazi ukuhlangana ukuze azingele iqembu elikhulu lama-scorpions, noma ngesikhathi sokukhwelana ukukhetha umlingani.

Ukukhiqiza

Isikhathi sokuzalanisa kwamagundane entethe siqondana nesikhathi sokuzala kwawo wonke amagundane asendaweni yawo. Ngokungafani nabantu nezinye izilwane ezincelisayo, ukusondelana ngokobulili kuma-hamster akunikezi noma iyiphi intokozo futhi kuwumsebenzi wokuzala.

Ngokuvamile kukhona ama-cubs angu-3 kuya kwangu-6-8 kudoti, okuthi ezinsukwini zokuqala zokuphila asengozini ikakhulukazi ezinsongweni zangaphandle futhi adinga usizo lwabazali nokudla okuvamile.

Ama-hamster asanda kuzalwa asebenza ngokushesha ekuthunjweni futhi athole ukuthi angahlasela kanjani isisulu ngaphandle kwesiqondiso sabazali - umuzwa wabo wemvelo uthuthuke kakhulu.

Isikhathi sokuvuthwa sithatha amasonto angu-3-6, ngemva kwalokho ama-hamster azimele futhi awabadingi abazali.

Ukuba nolaka kuyisici sofuzo, sijwayelekile kubantu abakhuliswe abazali ababili. Amazinyane anjalo maningi amathuba okuthi ahlasele amanye amagundane futhi azingele ngobudlova kunoma iyiphi enye inyamazane kunamawundlu akhuliswe ngumama yedwa.

Kancane kancane, lapho ikhula, intsha inakekela indawo yayo yokuhlala. Kodwa-ke, ama-scorpion hamster awazimbi izidleke zawo nhlobo, kodwa azisusa kwamanye amagundane, ngokuvamile azibulala noma azixoshe uma ekwazi ukuphunyuka.

Hewula ebusuku

Ukukhala kwe-hamster kuyinto emangalisayo ngempela ethathwe kukhamera yevidiyo.

Intethe ikhala enyangeni ekhazimulayo njengempisi, ebukeka ithusa kakhulu, kodwa uma ungayibheki ngesikhathi esifanayo, ungase ucabange ukuthi leli iculo nje lenyoni ethile yasebusuku.

Baphakamisa amakhanda abo kancane, bemi phezulu endaweni evulekile, bavule kancane imilomo yabo futhi bakhiphe i-high-frequency squeak isikhathi esifushane kakhulu - imizuzwana engu-1 - 3 kuphela.

Ukukhala okunjalo kuyindlela yokuxhumana kanye nokubiza amagama phakathi kwemindeni ehlukene endaweni.

Izimfihlo Zokumelana Nobuthi

I-Grasshopper hamster yaba into yocwaningo olunzulu ososayensi baseMelika ngo-2013. Umlobi wocwaningo, u-Ashley Rove, wenza uchungechunge lwezivivinyo ezithakazelisayo, ngemva kwalokho kwatholakala izakhiwo ezintsha, ezazingaziwa ngaphambili kanye nezici zale rodent eyingqayizivele.

Ngaphansi kwezimo zaselabhorethri, ama-hamster okuhlola ajovwe ngethamo elibulalayo lobuthi bukafezela besihlahla segundane. Ukuze kube msulwa kokuhlolwa, ubuthi babuye bethulwa kumagundane aselabhorethri ajwayelekile.

Ngemva kwemizuzu engu-5-7, wonke amagundane aselabhorethri afa, futhi amagundane entethe, ngemva kwesikhathi esifushane sokululama nokukhotha amanxeba atholwe kumjovo, ayegcwele amandla futhi awazange azwe noma yikuphi ukungakhululeki nobuhlungu.

Esigabeni esilandelayo socwaningo, amagundane anikezwa umthamo we-formalin, ushevu obuqine kakhulu. Amagundane avamile acishe aqala ukushwaqa ngenxa yobuhlungu, futhi ama-hamster awazange acwayize iso.

Ososayensi baba nesithakazelo - ingabe lezi hamster zimelana nabo bonke ubuthi? Kwaqhutshekwa nokucwaninga, futhi ngemva kochungechunge lokuhlola nokucwaninga kokusebenza komzimba walezi zidalwa, ezinye izici ezithile zamagundane zembulwa.

Ubuthi obungene emzimbeni we-hamster abuhlanganisi negazi, kodwa cishe ngokushesha bungena eziteshini ze-sodium zamangqamuzana ezinzwa, lapho busakazeka kuwo wonke umzimba futhi buthumele izimpawu ebuchosheni mayelana nokuzwa ubuhlungu obunamandla.

Ubuhlungu obutholwa amagundane bunamandla kangangokuthi umzila okhethekile uvimbela ukugeleza kwe-sodium emzimbeni, ngaleyo ndlela uphendule ubuthi obunamandla kakhulu bube isibulali-zinhlungu.

Ukuchayeka njalo koshevu kuholela eqinisweni lokuthi kukhona ukuguqulwa okuzinzile kwephrotheni ye-membrane okubhekele ukudluliselwa kwemizwa yobuhlungu ebuchosheni. Ngakho-ke, ubuthi buguqulwa bube yi-tonic evuselelayo emthanjeni.

Ukubonakaliswa okunjalo komzimba kuyafana nezimpawu zokungabi nazwela kokuzalwa (i-anhidrosis), okwenzeka ezimweni ezingavamile kubantu futhi kuwuhlobo lokuguqulwa kofuzo.

Ultimate Predator

Ngakho-ke, i-hamster yentethe ayiyena nje umbulali wesigaba sokuqala kanye nomzingeli wasebusuku, ongenandaba nhlobo nobuthi futhi okwazi ukubekezelela umonakalo omkhulu ngaphandle kokuzwa ubuhlungu obunzima, kodwa futhi isilwane esihlakaniphe kakhulu esiphinde sikhiqize kahle. Amakhono okusinda kanye nemizwelo yokuzingela kusivumela ukuba simcabange njengesilwane esizingelayo, esingenakulinganiswa esigabeni saso.