I-Glaucoma emakati: izimpawu nokwelashwa

I-glaucoma emakati yisifo samehlo esibonakala ngokunyuka kweso noma, njengoba kubizwa nangokuthi, ingcindezi ye-intraocular. I-glaucoma ingabangela ubuhlungu futhi ingabangela ubumpumputhe. Ukwanda kwengcindezi ye-intraocular kubangela ukwehla kokuphuma kwamahlaya aqueous, uketshezi olucacile olujikeleza phakathi kwe-cornea nomfundi.

Ukucindezela kwe-intraocular evamile emakati kuvamise ukuba ngu-10 kuya ku-20 mmHg. Art. Ukucindezela kungase kuncike esikhathini sosuku, izinga lokuvusa noma ukukhathazeka kwekati nokuma kwalo. Umfutho we-intraocular ungaphezu kuka-25 mm Hg. Art. noma umehluko omkhulu wengcindezi phakathi kwamehlo amabili, ngokuvamile ngaphezu kuka-7-8 mm Hg. Art. , kuthathwa njengokuphambuka kokujwayelekile.

I-glaucoma iyivelakancane emakatini uma iqhathaniswa nezinja, kodwa ukwanda kwangempela kwalesi sifo kuphakeme ngoba izimo eziningi zingase zingabonakali ngenxa yezimpawu zomtholampilo ezicashile.

Izimbangela ze-Glaucoma Emakatini

Izimbangela ze-glaucoma emakati zingahlukaniswa ngezigaba ezimbili eziyinhloko:

• i-glaucoma yokuqala. Ukwehluleka kweso ukukhipha uketshezi.
• i-glaucoma yesibili. Isifo esiyinhloko esivimbela ukuphuma okujwayelekile koketshezi esweni.

I-glaucoma eyinhloko

I-glaucoma eyinhloko ijwayele ufuzo noma ihlobene nohlobo. Kuyivelakancane emakati. Ezinye izinhlobo, ezifana namakati aseBurmese, Persian kanye ne-Siamese, athambekele kakhulu ku-glaucoma eyinhloko kunezinye. Izimpawu zokuqala zivame ukuvela esweni elilodwa. Kodwa uma i-glaucoma iqala kwelinye lamehlo, maningi amathuba okuthi nelinye ekugcineni lithinteke.

I-glaucoma yesibili

I-glaucoma yesibili ivame kakhulu emakati. Iqala ngokumelene nesizinda sesinye isifo, futhi lapha ukuxilongwa kubaluleke kakhulu. Uma imbangela eyisisekelo isitholakele, udokotela wezilwane uzokwazi ukuncoma ukwelashwa futhi abikezele inkambo yesifo.

Izifo ezinkulu ezibangela i-glaucoma emakati

Izifo ezivame kakhulu eziholela ku-glaucoma emakati zihlanganisa:

• I-Neoplasia, noma ukukhula okungavamile kwezicubu. I-intraocular neoplasia, ngokuvamile eyingozi, iyimbangela ehamba phambili ye-glaucoma emakati. I-melanoma kanye ne-lymphoma yizo zomdlavuza ezivame kakhulu ezithinta amehlo.
• Ngaphambili uveitis. Lokhu ukuvuvukala kwengaphambili leso futhi kuyimbangela eyinhloko ye-glaucoma emakati.
• I-intraocular hemorrhage noma ukopha ngaphakathi kweso. Ngokuvamile kwenzeka ngenxa yomfutho wegazi ophakeme noma ukulimala.

Izimpawu ze-glaucoma emakati

Izimpawu zomtholampilo ze-glaucoma emakati ngokuvamile zicashile futhi kunzima kubanikazi bamakati ukuzibona. Nokho, eziyinhloko yilezi:

• ukuncinza kwamehlo;
• ukuphuma emehlweni;
• abafundi abanwetshiwe;
• imithambo yegazi emhlophe yeso;
• amehlo aguqubele noma aluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka;
• ukulahlekelwa umbono.

Ezigabeni zakamuva zesifo, i-eyeball iyanda futhi ibukeka iqhuma, ubumpumputhe buba khona. Amakati asabela ekuphatheni kabi okubangelwa i-glaucoma ngezindlela ezihlukahlukene, kodwa ezimweni eziningi azibonisi izimpawu ezisobala zobuhlungu obukhulu. Nokho, lesi simo sibuhlungu kakhulu. Ngeshwa, ukubekezela kwezilwane ezifuywayo kuholela eqinisweni lokuthi amakati amaningi atholakala ezigabeni zakamuva, lapho esevele engaboni.

I-Glaucoma emakati: ukwelashwa

Uma umnikazi ecabanga ukuthi ikati line-glaucoma, lokhu kuyisimo esiphuthumayo. Ikati kufanele liyiswe kudokotela wezilwane ngokushesha ukuze kuncishiswe ingozi yokulimala okwengeziwe esweni. Odokotela bezilwane baxilonga i-glaucoma emakatini ngezimpawu zomtholampilo nangokukala ingcindezi ye-intraocular. Ngalezi zinhloso, udokotela wezilwane angasebenzisa amadivaysi ahlukahlukene.

Ezimweni eziningi ze-glaucoma, uma ikati selilahlekelwe umbono walo, akusakwazi ukulibuyisela. Izilwane ezine-primary glaucoma zizolahlekelwa ukubona kancane kancane ngisho noma zelashwa. Emakati ane-glaucoma yesibili, ukubikezelwa kuncike kwisifo esibangela i-glaucoma kanye nokuphendula kwesifo esiyisisekelo kanye ne-glaucoma ekwelapheni.

Indlela yokwelapha i-glaucoma emakati, uchwepheshe uzokutshela. Kunemithi esiza ukwehlisa umfutho we-intraocular futhi yelaphe lesi simo. Imithi yokusetshenziswa kwe-topical kufanele isetshenziswe ngokuhlelekile, izikhathi eziningana ngosuku. Ukwenza lokhu ngezinye izikhathi kunzima, kodwa ngokuvamile umsebenzi uyenzeka. Udokotela wezilwane uzokusiza ukuthi uqhamuke namaqhinga azokwenza impilo ibe lula kuwo wonke umuntu.

Kwezinye izimo, amaconsi e-glaucoma emakati awanele, futhi uchwepheshe angase atuse ukuhlinzwa ukuze asuse iso. Emakatini anobumpumputhe obuhlala njalo noma umdlavuza njengembangela eyinhloko ye-glaucoma, ukususwa kweso ngokuvamile kuyindlela yokwelapha efanelekile kakhulu. 

Ukwenza isinqumo sokukhipha iso lesilwane sakho kungase kucindezele, kodwa kubalulekile ukukhumbula ukuthi i-glaucoma yisimo esibuhlungu kakhulu. Amakati abekezelela ukuhlinzwa kokususwa kwamehlo kahle ngoba kuvumela ukuba asuse umthombo wokungakhululeki. Ngalesi sikhathi, isilwane ngokuvamile sesivele sijwayele ukulahlekelwa umbono esweni elithintekile. Ngisho namakati angaboni emehlweni womabili angajwayela indlela entsha yokuphila futhi azizwe ejabule ngemva kokuhlinzwa.

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