Izimuncagazi zangaphandle zamakati nezinja

Izinhlobo zama-parasites kanye nokulimala okuvela kuzo

Imikhaza ye-Ixodid

Imikhaza ehlala otshanini emapaki, ezimfundeni, ngisho nasedolobheni, futhi ilinde kudlule umuntu noma isilwane. Bangakwazi ukuthwala i-piroplasmosis, i-ehrlichiosis, i-anaplasmosis, i-borreliosis, nezinye izifo. Funda isihloko mayelana nemikhaza.

I-Demodex

Izibungu ezibangela i-Demodicosis zohlobo lwe-Demodex – D. Canic ezinjeni, D. Cati kanye no-D. gatoi – emakati. Imvamisa, inamba encane yalezi zibungu eziqondene nezinhlobo ezithile zihlala ezinhlamvini zezinwele futhi azilimazi. Kodwa-ke, ngaphansi kwezimo ezithile, izibungu ziqala ukwanda ngokweqile, okubangela ukulunywa okungabekezeleleki, ukulimala kwesikhumba, ukunwaya, i-alopecia kanye nokuthuthukiswa kwezifo zesibili. Lesi sifo asidingi ukwelashwa okuthuthukisiwe efomini lentsha emidlwaneni, kodwa kudinga ukunakwa okwengeziwe ngendlela ejwayelekile, lapho cishe yonke indawo yesikhumba yonakaliswa. I-Demodicosis ayivamile emakatini futhi ivame ukuhlotshaniswa nesimo sokuzivikela komzimba.   

Izimbuzane zendlebe

Izibungu ezincane kakhulu I-Otodectes cynotis, ebangela i-otodectosis yangaphandle. Njengomphumela womsebenzi wemikhaza ezindlebeni, ama-microtraumas, ukucasuka, ukuvuvukala nokuluma okukhulu kwenzeka. Isilwane sicindezelekile futhi sinovalo, sinwaya izindlebe, ngokuvamile ikhanda liphendukela ohlangothini oluthintekile, banikine amakhanda abo. Ngokuvamile, ngokulunywa okukhulu, isilwane ngokwaso silimaza kakhulu i-auricle nesikhumba esizungezile, futhi ukutheleleka kwesibili kungajoyina. Ngomonakalo omkhulu, ngisho nokufa kungenzeka.

Utwayi Imikhaza

Izibungu zotwayi zohlobo lwe-Notoedres cati fam. I-Sarcoptidae iphila futhi izalana ebugqileni be-epidermis. I-Notoedrosis yisifo esithathelwana kakhulu phakathi kwamakati nonogwaja, izinja zingangenwa igciwane, kodwa kancane kancane, imikhaza ihlala ikakhulukazi ekhanda, ngesifo esinamandla ihamba entanyeni, esifubeni nasezidlalweni. Imikhaza yohlobo lwe-Sarcoptes edla izinhlayiya zesikhumba esifile, i-lymph, ne-serous exudate ingase itheleleke ezinjeni. Zombili izinhlobo zezibungu zidla izimbobo esikhumbeni, zibangele ukulunywa okungabekezeleleki, ukulimala okukhulu esikhumbeni ngokubandakanyeka kwe-microflora yesibili. Isikhumba siyaqina, sopha, kamuva simbozwe ama-crusts, ngemuva kwamasonto angaba ngu-3 ukulunywa kukhula kakhulu, isikhumba se-edema esishubile simbozwa imifantu ejulile, i-conjunctivitis ibonakala, isilwane sibuthakathaka futhi silahlekelwa isisindo. Ezinjeni, i-anorexia ibonakala, futhi emakati, isifiso sokudla singaphikelela. Ngaphandle kokwelashwa ezinyangeni ezi-2 isilwane siyafa.

Amaza

Amazeze angama-95% ahlala endaweni ezungezile futhi angama-5% kuphela esilwaneni. Lezi zinambuzane zingaluma amakati, izinja nabantu. Lapho elunywe, bangathelela isilwane esifuywayo ngezifo ezithathelwanayo. Uma izeze ligwinywe ngephutha, isilwane esifuywayo singathola i-tapeworm - i-Dipylidium. Futhi, izilwane eziningi zivame ukuba ne-flea allergic dermatitis, eyenzeka ngenxa yokusabela komzimba kumathe e-flea. Ezilwaneni ezifuywayo ezindala, ezibuthakathaka, emidlwaneni nasemazinyaneni, ukuhlasela kwezeze okuyingozi kuyingozi ngengozi yokuthuthukisa i-anemia futhi kwezinye izimo ngisho nokufa.

Izintwala nezintwala

Izintwala zidla igazi ne-lymph, izintwala zidla izinhlayiya zesikhumba, i-fluff, imfihlo yezindlala ze-sebaceous. Izintwala zinomzimba omude, ikhanda elincane elincane, zihamba kancane. Ukutheleleka kwenzeka ngokuthintana eduze nesilwane esinegciwane. Isilwane siyaluma, siba novalo, izinga lejazi liwohloka, i-dandruff kanye nama-crusts avela, i-allergic dermatitis, enenani elikhulu lezinambuzane kwababuthakathaka, abagulayo, asebekhulile nabancane, i-anemia ingase ikhule. Abadla i-Vlas banekhanda elikhudlwana kanye nezingxenye zomlomo eziququdayo, abaliphuzi igazi. Lapho zitheleleka, i-alopecia ibonakala, ukuwohloka okujwayelekile kwejazi, i-dandruff, ukulunywa, i-dermatitis, amathe kanye nemfihlo kubangela ukungezwani komzimba. Abadla ama-Vlas bakhetha indawo engu-uXNUMXbuXNUMXb yomsila nekhanda njengendawo yabo yokuhlala esilwaneni. Bangabasokhaya abamaphakathi be-tapeworm Dipylidium. Amakati maningi amathuba okuthi atholakale enezintwala (ngokuvamile kanye nezinye izinhlobo zezimuncagazi).

Omiyane, izimpukane

Lezi zinambuzane azihlali zibulala isilwane. Omiyane bangathelela isilwane esifuywayo ngezikelemu zenhliziyo - i-dirofilaria. Akuzona zonke izinhlobo zezimpukane ezikwazi ukuluma. Kodwa lezo zimpukane ezingakwazi, isibonelo, ama-horseflies nama-zhigalki, zilume amakati nezinja ngezindlebe nekhala. Ngenxa yalokho, amanxeba avela, isikhumba siyavuvukala, silume, futhi i- ichor iyakhululwa, eheha izimpukane nakakhulu. Zingathwala izifo eziyingozi njenge- tularemia, i-anthrax, futhi ngezinye izikhathi zizalele amaqanda esikhumbeni nasenxebeni, lapho izibungu zikhula khona.

Izimpawu ze-infestation kanye nokuxilongwa 

Izimpawu zokuba khona kwama-parasites angaphandle esilwaneni zingahluka. Eziyinhloko zihlanganisa:

• Ukuluma. Isilwane sinwaya futhi siququde izingxenye ezithile zomzimba. Ngezinye izikhathi ukulunywa kunamandla kangangokuthi isilwane esifuywayo silimaza kakhulu isikhumba, futhi singahlaliseki futhi sibe nolaka.
• Ukulahlekelwa izinwele, umbala obomvu. Uboya bungase buwe ezindaweni ezincane, futhi bungase buthinte cishe wonke ubuso bomzimba.
• Ukulimala kwesikhumba: ukuxebuka, inkwethu, ububomvu, ukuqubuka, amabhamuza kanye noqweqwe.

Ukuxilongwa kulula uma kuziwa emikhaza ye-ixodid, i-myiasis, noma uma amazeze amadala etholakala esilwaneni. Uma kungenjalo, ukuxilonga okwengeziwe kuyadingeka. Ukuze ungafaki ukuhlasela kwamazeze, kusetshenziswa “ukuhlola okumanzi” okulula: ukame uboya phezu kwephepha elimanzi lephepha elimhlophe. Ngomphumela omuhle, okusanhlamvu okuncane okumnyama kuzohlala kuwo, okuthi, lapho kukhuhla, kushiye umbala obomvu-obomvu - lezi ziyimfucumfucu, igazi eligayiwe. Ukuze uthole izimbuzane ezincane, kuzodingeka wenze isikhumba esijulile nesingaphezulu noma uswayiphe endlebeni ukuze uhlolwe ngaphansi kwesibonakhulu. Futhi, le ndlela isetshenziselwa ukuqapha ukusebenza kokwelashwa.

Izindlela zokulawula nokuvimbela

Ukuzivikela okungcono kakhulu ukuvimbela. Ukuze uvikele izilwane ezifuywayo kuma-parasites angaphandle, udinga ukukhumbula imithetho eyisisekelo:

• Udinga ukuvikela zonke izilwane endlini ngesikhathi esisodwa.
• Ungakhohlwa mayelana nokujwayelekile, funda imiyalelo yezidakamizwa, echaza ubude besenzo.
• Ezinsukwini ezimbili noma ezintathu ngaphambi nangemva kokwelashwa ngamaconsi nezifutho, akunconywa ukugeza isilwane.
• Hlola isilwane ngezikhathi ezithile, kungakhathaliseki ukuthi hlobo luni lokwelashwa.

Amalungiselelo okwelashwa kwezilwane akhona ngezindlela eziningana: amaphilisi, amaconsi, isifutho, ikhola.

• Izibhebhe zezinja

Bravecto, Simparica, Frontline Nexgard. Amaphilisi asiza ukuvikela isilwane kumazeze, imikhaza ye-ixodid namademodex. Isebenza ngempumelelo ekwelapheni i-demodicosis. Ilungele abanikazi bezinja eziningana, abukho ubungozi bobuthi lapho bakhothana, kanye nabanikazi bezinja abavame ukugeza futhi baye ehlathini nasensimini. Akusebenzi kumakati.

• amaconsi

Uhlobo oluvame kakhulu lwemithi yezeze kanye nemikhaza. Zisetshenziswa esikhumbeni lapho zibuna, ubude besikhathi yizinyanga eziyi-1,5-2. Kudingekile ukuthi unake inqwaba yemiphumela yamaconsi: isibonelo, kukhona labo abaphikisana namazeze, imikhaza kanye ne-helminths (Umhloli, i-Prazicide Complex), labo abaphikisana namazeze nemikhaza (Amabha, i-Praktik, i-BlohNet, i-Rolf Iklabhu, i-Frontline Combo, i-Bravecto Spot-on), izele kuphela (Inzuzo yamakati), nesixosha omiyane (Advantix). Amaconsi avela ku-otodectosis aconselwa ezindlebeni ngokwemiyalelo. 

• Amahlumela

Zisetshenziswa esikhumbeni naseboya, evame ukusetshenziswa kakhulu njengosizo lokuhamba emahlathini kanye nokwelapha ama-ovaroli e-anti-mite.

• Amakholomu

Amakholomu womabili asekelwe kumafutha abalulekile - axoshayo, futhi asekelwe kumakhemikhali. Isikhathi sokuqinisekisa, kuye ngohlobo, sisuka ku-1 siye ku-8, ngisho nezinyanga eziyi-12. I-Foresto ne-Protecto inokusebenza okude kakhulu. Ikhola kufanele ilingane kahle nesikhumba sesilwane.

• Shampoos

Ama-Shampoos anomsebenzi ophansi wokuzivikela, kodwa kakade usizo ngama-parasites akhona. Ijazi limanziswa ngamanzi, i-shampoo isetshenziswa, futhi udinga ukulinda imizuzu embalwa, bese ugeza.

Izithako ezisebenzayo kuma-insecticides

• I-Diazinon idala izibungu nezinambuzane ukuthi zibe nokukhubazeka kwemisipha, ukukhubazeka nokufa. Ifakwe egazini ngesikhumba, uma kwenzeka i-overdose kanye ne-hypersensitivity kumuthi, ingabangela ubuthi nokucasuka kwesikhumba.
• I-Propoxur yenza izibungu nezinambuzane zibe nokukhubazeka kokusebenza kwemoto, ukukhubazeka nokufa. Empeleni ayimuncwe esikhunjeni, inobuthi obuncane kune-diazinon.
• I-Amitraz - ibangela ukucasuka ngokweqile, ukukhubazeka nokufa emikhazeni, inezindawo zokuxosha, iphoqa izinambuzane ukuba zishiye umzimba wesilwane. Ayisebenzi kumazeze.
• I-Permethrin, i-deltamethrin, i-flumethrin, i-cyfluthrin - ibangela ukukhubazeka nokufa kwemikhaza nezinambuzane. Kukhona izinto zokuxosha. Asakazeka ngongqimba lwamafutha esikhumbeni futhi anqwabelane ezindlala ze-sebaceous, ngaphandle kokungena egazini. Kungaba yingozi kumakati.
• I-Fipronil, i-piriprol - ibangela ukucasuka ngokweqile nokufa emikhazeni. Ine-anti-mite esebenza kahle kakhulu, kodwa ayinawo umphumela wokuxosha.
• I-Fluralaner, i-sarolaner, i-afoxolaner - isetshenziselwa amaphilisi, idonswa emgudwini wamathumbu, ifinyelele ukujikeleza kwesistimu. Kubangelwa imikhaza namazeze abangela umsebenzi ongalawuleki we-neuromuscular, ukukhubazeka nokufa. Lezi zinto ziyisenzo samathumbu kuphela, zenza ngemva kokuba i-parasite iqale ukuphuza igazi esilwaneni. Ungasebenzisi amakati, izilwane ezingaphansi kuka-1,5 kg. futhi ngaphansi kwamasonto angu-8 ubudala.
• I-Imidacloprid - ivimba ukudluliswa kwezimpawu zemizwa kumazeze, ayithinti imikhaza. Inqwabelana ezinhlamvini zezinwele, iphephile ezifuyweni.
• I-Selamectin - ivimbela ukudluliswa kwezimpawu zezinzwa ezinambuzaneni, isebenza kumazeze, izindlebe kanye nezibungu ze-sarcoptic, futhi isebenza kuma-helminths i-Toxocara ne-hookworm. Isetshenziselwa ukuvimbela i-dirofilariasis.
• Ivermectin, i-moxidectin - yenza ama-subcutaneous mites nezinye izinhlobo ze-helminths. Izinja ezilusayo (ama-collies, ama-shelties, ama-bobtails, ama-Aussies, ama-kelpies, abelusi baseJalimane, abelusi abamhlophe baseSwitzerland, ama-border collies, ama-bearded collies kanye nama-mestizos awo) anokuguqulwa kofuzo lwe-MDR1, okuholela ekungabekezelelani kwaleli qembu lezinto. kube okubulalayo .
• I-Methoprene, i-juvemon, i-novaluron, i-pyriproxyfen yi-hormone yentsha ephazamisa ukuthuthukiswa okuvamile kwezibungu ze-parasite. Ayisebenzi kumakhizane. Ngokuvamile zisetshenziswa ngokuhlanganyela nezinye izidakamizwa.

Ezimweni eziningi, awukwazi ukuzelapha, ikakhulukazi uma ungenwe ama-subcutaneous nezibungu zendlebe. Ukwelashwa okunqunywe udokotela wezilwane kuyadingeka. Lapho ucubungula futhi welapha isilwane esesivele sitheleleke ngama-parasite, akusiyo isilwane esicutshungulwayo kuphela, kodwa nendawo/igumbi. Ukuze wenze lokhu, yonke imifantu, ifenisha, amabhodi e-skirting, amakhaphethi ahlanzwa kuqala. Khona-ke udinga ukwelapha ngama-insecticides akhethekile: i-Bolfo, i-Parastop, i-Delcid, i-Entomosan.