Ingabe kuyiqiniso ukuthi izinja aziyiboni imibala?

Izinja zibona ngamiphi imibala izwe elizizungezile? Sekuyisikhathi eside kukholakala ukuthi bangabona kumnyama nokumhlophe kuphela, kodwa isayensi ifakazele ukuthi akunjalo. Kodwa imiphi imibala engabonwa izilwane ezifuywayo, mingaki imibala ezingayibona, futhi kungani zingaboni ngendlela esibona ngayo? Qhubeka ufunde ukuze ufunde konke mayelana nombono wezinja nokuthi ziwubona kanjani umhlaba.

Izinja aziyiboni imibala?

Nakuba inkolelo-mbono eyayivame kakhulu esikhathini esidlule yokuthi izinja zibona yonke into emnyama nokumhlophe iye yafakazelwa ukuthi ingamanga, iqiniso liwukuthi zibona cishe ngemibala ehlukahlukene efana neyabantu abanobumpumputhe bombala obomvu-luhlaza, ngokusho kwe-American Kennel Club. (AKS). Uma amehlo abantu abanombono ovamile equkethe izinhlobo ezintathu zezamukeli zombala ezibizwa ngokuthi izigaxa ezibona yonke i-spectrum yokukhanya okubonakalayo, khona-ke abantu abanombala obomvu-oluhlaza abayizimpumputhe banezinhlobo ezimbili kuphela zamakhoni, okubenza bangakwazi ukubona imibala ebomvu neluhlaza. .

Kunezinhlobo ezimbili kuphela zama-cones ku-retina yeso lenja. Lokhu kusho ukuthi izinja azikwazi ukubona kuphela imibala ebomvu neluhlaza, kodwa futhi i-shades equkethe noma yimiphi yale mibala, njenge-pink, purple and orange. Izinja nazo azikwazi ukubona izinguquko ezicashile ekugqameni noma ethoni yombala. Okusho ukuthi, babona okuhlukile kunomuntu.

Yimiphi imibala engabonwa yizinja?

Izinja ziyakwazi ukuhlukanisa imibala ephuzi, eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka, nensundu, kanye nezinhlobonhlobo ezimpunga, ezimnyama nezimhlophe. Lokhu kusho ukuthi uma inja yakho inethoyizi elibomvu, izobonakala insundu, kuyilapho ithoyizi eliwolintshi, eliyingxube yokubomvu nokuphuzi, lizovela ngokuphuzi okunsundu. Kusho futhi ukuthi uma ufuna ukubandakanya ngokugcwele izinzwa zesilwane sakho esifuywayo ngenkathi udlala, kufanele ukhethe amathoyizi aluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka noma aphuzi ukuze agqame ngokumelene nemithunzi efiphele ensundu nempunga emkhakheni wokubona wenja yakho. Lokhu kuchaza ukuthi kungani izilwane zithanda amabhola ethenisi aphuzi kakhulu.

Ithiyori yokubona okumnyama nokumhlophe

Uma izinja zikwazi ukubona imibala ethile, uvelaphi umqondo wokuthi zibona omnyama nomhlophe kuphela? Ukusebenza okunjalo, kubika i-AKC, kungashiwo kumsunguli weVeki Yezinja Kazwelonke u-Will Judy, owabhala encwadini yokuqeqesha yango-1937 ukuthi kungenzeka ukuthi izinja zingabona kuphela imithunzi emnyama nempunga. Ngawo-1960, ososayensi baqhubekisela phambili le nganekwane ngokuthatha ngokungalungile ukuthi izilwane ezifuywayo zaziwukuphela kwezilwane ezazikwazi ukuhlukanisa imibala. Umbono ofanayo wombono wezinja waqhubeka kwaze kwaba muva nje, kwaze kwaba ngo-2013, abacwaningi baseRussia bangabaza "ubumpumputhe bombala" bezilwane. Ngemva kwalokho, bafakazela ukuthi izinja ziyakwazi ukubona futhi zihlukanise phakathi kokuphuzi nokuluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka, ngokusho kweSmithsonian Institution.

Abacwaningi benze ucwaningo ukuze babone ukuthi izinja zingakwazi yini ukuhlukanisa phakathi kwale mibala emibili noma amazinga okukhanya ahlukile. Yayinalokhu okulandelayo: amaphepha amane - aphuzi ngokukhanyayo, aphuzi ngokumnyama, aluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka ngokukhanyayo kanye noluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka okumnyama - ayenamathiselwe emabhokisini okudla, futhi ebhokisini elinephepha eliphuzi elimnyama kwakukhona ucezu lwenyama. Lapho izinja sezifundile ukuhlobanisa iphepha eliphuzi elimnyama nokwelapha kwazo, ososayensi banamathisela kuphela iphepha eliluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka elimnyama neliphuzi ngokukhanyayo emabhokisini, basikisela ukuthi uma izinja zizama ukuvula ibhokisi ngephepha eliluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka, kungaba ukuthi zazihlobanisa. umbala omnyama nokudla. umthunzi, hhayi umbala. Kodwa izifundo eziningi zahamba zaqonda ngqo ephepheni eliphuzi, okubonisa ukuthi zazifunde ukuhlobanisa umbala nokudla, hhayi ukukhanya.

Ukungabikho kwama-color receptors akuyona ukuphela kwento ehlukanisa umbono wenja nowomuntu. Izilwane ezifuywayo zinombono omfushane kakhulu, umbono wazo ulinganiselwa cishe -2,0 - -2,5, ngokusho kweBusiness Insider. Lokhu kusho ukuthi uma inja ibheka into eqhele ngamamitha ayisithupha, kubonakala sengathi iqhele ngamamitha angu-22,3.

Futhi nakuba ungase ucabange ukuthi inja yakho ayinamehlo ampofu, i-AKC iphawula ukuthi akukhona nje kuphela ukuthi izilwane zinensimu yombono ebanzi kunabantu ngenxa yamehlo azo abanzi, futhi zibona ukunyakaza okusheshayo kangcono, okuzivumela ukuba zibone kalula- inyamazane ehambayo.

Ezinye izinzwa zenja yakho

Kodwa ungajahi ukucasuka ngokuthi inja yakho ibona umhlaba ngemibala ethulisiwe: lokho entula khona embonweni, ikwenza ngaphezu kwezinye izinzwa zayo. Okokuqala, ngokusho kwe-DogHealth.com, izinja zingakwazi ukuzwa uhla olubanzi kakhulu lwamafrikhwensi kunabantu, okuhlanganisa nemisindo ephakeme kakhulu kangangokuthi izindlebe zomuntu azikwazi ukuyithatha.

Kodwa ukuzwa kwenja kungokwesibili kuphela ekuhlakanipheni ngemva nomuzwa wokuhogela. Ukuzwa iphunga lezinja okungenani okungenani izikhathi ezingu-10 (uma kungenjalo) ezinamandla kunabantu, ngokusho kwe-NOVA PBS. Ikhala lenja liqukethe ama-olfactory receptors afinyelela ezigidini ezingu-000, kuyilapho abantu benezigidi ezingaba yisithupha kuphela.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, ingxenye yobuchopho besilwane ebhekene nokuhlaziya iphunga inkulu ngokuphindwe kamashumi amane kuneyomuntu. Konke lokhu kusho ukuthi inja yakho “ingabona” izithombe ngekhala layo ezikhanya kakhulu kunalokho esingakucabanga. Lokho elikuntulayo ekungaboni kahle nasekungabonini kahle kombala, likwenza ngaphezu kolwazi olutholakala emahokweni kuphela.

Bona ukuthi inja yakho ibona ini

Nakuba singenayo indlela yokuhogela inja yakhe, namuhla ungathola umbono wokuthi umhlaba wayo unjani ngohlelo lokusebenza oluku-inthanethi. Uhlelo lokusebenza lwe-Dog Vision likuvumela ukuthi ulayishe isithombe futhi, ngemva kokulungisa imibala nokugxila, ubone ukuthi sizobheka kanjani isilwane sakho. Leli ithuluzi eliwusizo kulabo bantu abake bacabanga ukuthi babukeka kanjani emehlweni enja yabo noma ukuthi izinja zibona kanjani umhlaba jikelele.

Ngokuzayo uma ubheka emehlweni omdlwane wakho abonisayo, ungadikibali ngokuthi awukuboni ngokucacile njengoba umbona. Iphunga lakho elikhethekile litshela inja yakho okungaphezu kokubukeka nje, futhi izobona iphunga lakho noma yikuphi, kungakhathaliseki ukuthi iyakubona noma cha.