I-Enteritis ezinjeni

Izinhlobo ze-enteritis

Izinhlobo eziyinhloko: i-catarrhal, i-hemorrhagic. Ingatheleleka noma ingatheleleki. Ingozi enkulu empilweni yesilwane esifuywayo yi-viral enteritis.

Izinkinga ze-enteritis

imvelo ethathelwanayo:

• I-Parvovirus enteritis. I-Parvovirus, ingena emzimbeni, iqala ukwanda ngokushesha okukhulu. Lesi sifo sizibonakalisa ngezindlela ezintathu - amathumbu, inhliziyo kanye nengxubevange, evame ukwenzeka ngesivinini sombani, ngokujulile, kancane kancane njalo. Ngenkambo esheshayo yombani yohlobo lwamathumbu emathunjini emidlwaneni eneminyaka eyisithupha kuya kweyishumi ubudala, ukuwohloka kubonakala, khona-ke ukufa kwenzeka ngemva kwamahora ambalwa. Isikhathi ekufukameleni of the acute intestinal ifomu lesi sifo izinsuku ezinhlanu kuya kweziyisithupha. Izimpawu zokuqala ziyi-anorexia, bese kuvela ukuhlanza kwamafinyila futhi amahora angama-6-24 ngemuva kokuqala kokuhlanza - isifo sohudo. Indle inombala ophuzi-mpunga noma ompunga-oluhlaza, oluhlaza okotshani, onsomi, oxutshwe negazi namafinyila, unamanzi, unephunga elibukhali le-fetid. Izinga lokushisa lomzimba wezilwane ezigulayo likhuphukela ku-39,5-41 °. Izilwane zilahlekelwa isisindo ngokushesha, isikhumba siba somile, ijazi lifiphele, ulwelwesi lwamafinyila olubonakalayo lulahlekelwa ukucwebezela, lubukeke lubomvu noma lune-anemic. Esimweni esibi kakhulu sesifo, ukufa kungenzeka ngosuku olulodwa kuya kwezimbili. Uhlobo lwenhliziyo lwalesi sifo luvame kakhulu emidlwaneni ephakathi kweminyaka eyinyanga eyodwa nezinyanga ezimbili. Qaphela ukuhluleka kwenhliziyo nge-pulse evame futhi ebuthakathaka, i-pulmonary edema. Lesi sifo siqhubeka ngesivinini sombani, ngomphumela obulalayo ofinyelela ku-80%. Ngendlela yamathumbu yalesi sifo, ukufa emidlwaneni kufika ku-50%, ezinjeni ezindala - kufika ku-10%.

• ICoronavirus enteritis. ICoronavirus inomphumela obuthakathaka futhi ayithinti imisipha yenhliziyo. Kodwa-ke, kulokhu, ngaphandle kokwelashwa okufika ngesikhathi futhi okufanele, isilwane sizofa. Ibonakala ngokuvuvukala kwe-hemorrhagic ye-gastrointestinal tract, ukuphelelwa amandla kwamanzi kanye nokukhathala okuvamile komzimba. Indle iyacasula, iphuzi-orange, inamanzi, futhi ingase ibe namafinyila negazi.

• hemorrhagic enteritis. Izimbangela eziqondile zalesi syndrome azikanqunywa, ngokusho kwenkolelo-mbono eyodwa, lesi sifo siwuhlobo lwamathumbu e-1 hypersensitivity ukusabela ku-toxins yebhaktheriya noma amabhaktheriya ngokwawo, ngokusho komunye umbono, i-lesion ye-gastrointestinal tract iqala ukuphendula ekukhiqizeni ubuthi. nge-E. coli noma i-Clostridium bacteria spp. Kungakhathaliseki ukuthi iyini imbangela, ku-canine hemorrhagic gastroenteritis, kukhona ukwanda okukhulu kwe-vascular and mucosal permeability, okuholela ekulahlekelweni ngokushesha kwegazi, amaprotheni, noketshezi ku-lumen ye-gastrointestinal tract. Ukuthuthukiswa kwalesi sifo kubonakala nge-hyperacute noma i-acute iqala, isilwane ngokuvamile sifika ekwamukelweni esimweni sokucindezeleka okukhulu ngisho nokushaqeka. Isikhalazo esiyinhloko lapho uthintana nomtholampilo wezilwane ngokuvamile uhudo lwe-hemorrhagic, lesi sifo ezimweni eziningi sihambisana nokuhlanza.

• I-Canine distemper virus. Ngokuya ngobunzima bezimpawu zomtholampilo, amaphaphu, amathumbu, uvalo, isikhumba, izinhlobo ezixubile nezikhipha isisu zesifo ziyahlukaniswa. Lesi sifo sihambisana nomkhuhlane, ukuvuvukala kolwelwesi lwamafinyila lwamehlo, izitho zokuphefumula kanye nomgudu wamathumbu, izinguquko eziwohlokayo esibindini, izinso, ubuchopho nomgogodla. Ifomu elifana ne-Enteritis - emathunjini (amathumbu) - libonakaliswa izilonda ezinzima zesistimu yokugaya ukudla, kuhlanganise ne-gastroenteritis eyingozi, futhi ihambisana nokwenqaba kokudla, ukuhlanza, kanye nokuqunjelwa kanye nesifo sohudo, okuholela ekuphelelweni kwamanzi kanye nokukhathala okusheshayo kwezilwane. I-fecal mass iqukethe amafinyila, ngokuvamile anengxube yegazi.

• I-Rotavirus. Ngokuvamile, ukutheleleka kwe-rotavirus kuwuhlobo lokutheleleka kwamathumbu. Ngenxa yalesi sizathu, ekusebenzeni kwezilwane, isifo esithathelwanayo esibangelwa amagciwane omndeni we-rotavirus sibizwa nangokuthi "amathumbu", "umkhuhlane wesisu". Isigaba sokuqala ukukhuphuka okubukhali kwezinga lokushisa, imfiva, ukugodola, izimpawu ezithambile ze-gastroenteritis. Isilwane esifuywayo senqaba ukudla, ukudla okuyintandokazi. Emini, kuyaphawulwa isifo sohudo, ukugabha njalo, nesicanucanu. Ubuningi be-fecal buthola iphunga elimnandi, umbala ophuzi-ophuzi. Kukhona amafinyila amaningi endle, amahlule egazi ayenzeka. Ukuphalaza, isifo sohudo kuholela ekubeni buthaka, ukuphelelwa amanzi emzimbeni (ukuphelelwa amanzi) okukhulu komzimba. Ukuphelelwa amanzi emzimbeni kungabangela ukushaqeka okukhulu enjeni, kubangele ukufa. Ukufa kwemidlwane emincane ngesikhathi sokutheleleka kwe-rotavirus kwenzeka ngosuku lwesibili noma lwesithathu kusukela ngesikhathi sokutheleleka.

Imvelo engatheleleki:

• I-Parasitic, ebangelwa i-helminths noma i-protozoa.
• VZK. I-Complex yezifo zamathumbu ezivuthayo.
• Izifo zezitho zangaphakathi, isibonelo, i-pancreatitis.
• Ubuthi.
• Umzimba wangaphandle.
• Ukudla okungekuhle nokungondleki kahle (isibonelo, okusalile).
• Izimila kupheshana emathunjini. 

Izimpawu ezihlukahlukene zingase zivele: isifo sohudo, kuhlanganise namafinyila negazi, ukuhlanza, ukucindezeleka, ubuthakathaka, ukungakuthandi ukudla noma ukwenqaba ukudla, ukoma okukhulu, ukuduma kwesisu, i-flatulence.

Izindlela zokudlulisa

I-enteritis engatheleleki iyingozi kuphela enjeni egulayo, kwabanye ayitheleleki. Isimo sihlukile ngezinhlobo ezithathelwanayo ze-enteritis. Indlela eyinhloko yokutheleleka nge-fecal-oral. Okusho ukuthi, igciwane lingena endaweni enendle, bese lingena emgudwini wokugaya wenye inja ngokudla, amanzi, noma ngokukhotha. Imidlwane ihlaselwa kakhulu yilesi sifo, kodwa izinja ezindala ezingagonyiwe nazo zingagula kakhulu, zize zibulale.

Izimpawu

Kunzima, futhi ngokuvamile akunakwenzeka, ukuhlukanisa ngezimpawu ukuthi yiluphi uhlobo lwe-enteritis oluhlangatshezwana nalo. Ukugeleza kungase kufane kakhulu. Izimpawu eziyinhloko ze-enteritis nezimpawu ezihambisana nazo zingaba:

• Uhudo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kungase kuhluke kakhulu: ngokungcola, igazi, i-mucus, iphunga elimnandi, i-shades ehlukahlukene.
• Ukuvota.
• Ukushisa uma kwenzeka ukutheleleka.
• Ukuncipha kwesifiso sokudla noma ukwenqaba ngokuphelele ukuphakela.
• Imikhuba emibi.
• Ukuphelelwa amanzi emzimbeni ngokushesha ngenxa yokuhlanza, isifo sohudo, nomkhuhlane.

Uma ubona lezi zimpawu enjeni yakho, thintana nodokotela wakho wezilwane ngokushesha!

Diagnostics

Indlela eyodwa yokuxilonga uma kwenzeka i-enteritis ayanele. Indlela yokwenza izobe iphelele. Asikukhuthazi ukuzama ukuzelapha ekhaya. Ungakwazi ukulinda ubuningi ngethemba lokuthi "izodlula ngokwayo" uma inja inesitulo esingenalutho ngaphandle kwegazi izikhathi ezingu-1-2 futhi isimo sihlolwe njengenhla esanelisayo. Uma kungenjalo, ukuhlolwa kukadokotela kuyadingeka. Tshela udokotela yonke imininingwane yokuphila kwenja, ukuqala kwezimpawu, kungakhathaliseki ukuthi uzame ukuzelapha, kungakhathaliseki ukuthi inja isanda kuthatha izinto ezisolisayo emgwaqweni, lokho ekudlayo nokuthi iyiphi indlela yokuphila eholayo. Udokotela uzohlinzeka ngohlelo lwezinyathelo zokuxilonga ezizosiza ekuxilongeni nasekutholeni imbangela:

• Ukuhlolwa kwe-Express ye-parvovirus enteritis.
• Ukuxilongwa kwe-PCR ukuze kungafaki i-coronovirus, i-parvovirus kanye nesifo.
• Ukuhlolwa kwegazi lomtholampilo.
• Ukuhlolwa kwegazi kwe-biochemical ukukhipha ama-pathologies ezitho zangaphakathi.
• I-ultrasound yesisu. Ngokulungiselela kahle, ungakwazi ukubona ngeso lengqondo izindonga kanye ne-lumen ye-gastrointestinal tract. Ngaphambi kwe-ultrasound, ukudla okuzila ukudla kwamahora ayishumi nambili kanye nokunikeza izidakamizwa ezinciphisa ukwakheka kwegesi kuyadingeka.
• I-X-ray. Ngezinye izikhathi kuyadingeka njengendlela yokuxilongwa okwengeziwe.
• Ukuhlaziywa kwe-fecal ukuze kutholakale i-protozoa ne-helminths.

Ukwelashwa

Akukho ukwelashwa okuqondile kwe-antiviral. Futhi, uma imbangela ye-enteritis ingatholakali, ukwelashwa kunqunyelwe ukuqeda izimpawu isilwane esinazo. Ukubuyiselwa kwamanzi kanye nebhalansi ye-electrolyte ngokubeka i-catheter ye-venous kanye ne-droppers. Ukuphathwa kwezidakamizwa ze-antiemetic ngomjovo. Ama-antibiotic asetshenziselwa ukucindezela i-microflora yesibili. Izidakamizwa zinqunyelwe ukunciphisa ukushuba kokubonakaliswa kwezimpawu. Lezi zidakamizwa zihlanganisa ama-sedative, ama-painkillers, ama-antispasmodics. Ngama-helminthiases nama-protozooses, amaphilisi asetshenziswa, isenzo saso esibhubhisa ama-parasites. Uma ukwelashwa kwe-parvovirus enteritis ezinjeni kuphumelela, isilwane kufanele sibe nesithakazelo empilweni kanye nesifiso sokudla. Amanzi anganikezwa izilwane. Lokhu kuzosusa zonke izinto ezinobuthi emzimbeni. Ungakwazi ukondla isilwane amahora angu-12 kuphela ngemva kokuvela kwesifiso sokudla. Kungcono ukusebenzisa ukudla okugayeka kalula, ukudla kwezifo zepheshana lesisu - okokuqala ngendlela ethambile. 

Izinkinga ezibangelwa yi-enteritis

I-causative agent ye-parvovirus enteritis ingaholela ekufeni kwenja, ikakhulukazi imidlwane emincane engagonyiwe esanda kulunyulwa kunina. Ukufa kungafinyelela ku-90%. Inkinga ingaba yi-myocarditis - ukuvuvukala kwemisipha yenhliziyo, futhi ngokuvamile kuba khona nokufa okungazelelwe kwemidlwane. Ngenxa yokulimala kwezindonga zamathumbu isikhathi eside, ukudla kungamuncwa kakhulu, ukuzivikela okuphelele kuncipha.

isibikezelo

I-prognosis ye-enteritis ethathelwanayo iqaphile kubantu abampofu. Nge-non-infectous, kuye ngokuthi imbangela, ngokuxhumana okufika ngesikhathi nomtholampilo wezilwane, umphumela omuhle wesifo.

Prevention

Ukuvimbela i-gastroenteritis kutholakala ngokugcina izilwane zisesimweni esihle, ukuzivocavoca okwanele, ukudla okulinganiselayo. Ukugoma kuyimpoqo kusukela emavikini angu-8 ubudala, uma kwenzeka ingozi enkulu yokutheleleka, imidlwane igonywa kusukela emavikini angu-4. Izinja ezindala kufanele zigonywe njalo ngonyaka. I-Parvovirus iphikelela emvelweni isikhathi esingangonyaka, ngakho-ke ngalesi sikhathi, uma unomdlwane ofile noma inja enegciwane, akukhuthazwa ukuba nezinja unyaka. Ingozi yokutheleleka enjeni egonyiwe izoba ncane kakhulu futhi izobekezelela lesi sifo kalula, kodwa asikukhuthazi ukuthatha izingozi. Lahla izinto zasendlini noma uzihlanze.