I-dolphin aquarium fish: incazelo, ukugcinwa nokutshala

Ihlengethwa eliluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka livame ukutshalwa ezindaweni ezihlala emanzini. Le nhlanzi ithole ukuthandwa ngenxa yokubukeka kwayo okuthakazelisayo nohlamvu olubambayo. Ngokokuqala ngqa, ulwazi mayelana nehlengethwa le-aquarium lavela ngo-1902, futhi ngemva kwengxenye yekhulu leminyaka, ama-subspecies asakazwa eYurophu.

Izici zamahlengethwa e-aquarium

Izwe lamahlengethwa aluhlaza yi-Afrika, okuyiLake Malawi. Abantu abangaba ngu-25 cm ngosayizi batholakala lapha. Izinhlanzi zase-Aquarium zikhula ngokwesilinganiso kufika ku-10-20 cm. Kuyaziwa ukuthi ubukhulu bawo buthonywa ubukhulu be-aquarium.

Lolu hlobo lwama-cichlid lwalubizwa ngokuthi "dolphin" ngenxa yokufana kwalo. I-Fry icishe ihluke, kodwa kancane kancane ebunzini lezinhlanzi kwakhiwa i-fat pad encaneokwenza ibukeke njengehlengethwa.

Ngokuvamile, lokhu kuyindalo ekhangayo. Yena umzimba ompunga-oluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka nge-sheen esiliva, futhi ezinhlangothini ungabona imigqa namachashazi ambalwa amnyama. Ezinhlanzini ezindala, umthunzi ulula, futhi izindawo ezishiwo zivame ukunyamalala. Ngaphambi nje kwemidlalo yokukhwelana, umzimba weduna uba luhlaza okwesibhakabhaka okumnyama. Imigqa eminingana emisha ivela lapha, futhi isiphongo sithola umbala ophuzi.

Emahlengeni aluhlaza ikhanda elikhulu namehlo anyakazayo. I-dorsal fin iqala eduze kwekhanda futhi igcine phansi komsila. Amaphiko atholakala esiswini nasesifubeni mafushane kabuhlungu, kanti iphiko le-caudal liboshwe. Umzimba wehlengethwa eliluhlaza ucindezelwe futhi unwetshiwe.

Kuyaphawuleka ukuthi ngesikhathi sokungqubuzana, umbala wezinhlanzi uyashintsha. Igcwala kakhulu, futhi amaphiko acishe abe mnyama.

Abesilisa bakhudlwana. Amaphiko awo omsila umbala oluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka, nesiphongo siphenduka sibephuzi ngenxa yobudala. Emzimbeni weduna, imigqa eqondile engu-4-8 ibonakala emaceleni. Isici sezinsikazi ukuba khona kwamachashazi abomvu ku-caudal fin.

Isikhathi sokuphila sama-cichlids anjalo yiminyaka eyi-10-15.

Ukugcina izinhlanzi

I-aquarium evulekile enamandla amalitha angama-200 ilungele ukukhulisa amahlengethwa aluhlaza. Ukuze inhlanzi zizwe kahle, kuyadingeka ukuhlinzeka ngemibandela elandelayo:

• ukukhanya okukhanyayo;
• izinga lokushisa kwamanzi ngaphakathi kwe-23-29º C;
• ukushintsha ingxenye yesithathu yamanzi kanye ngesonto;
• ukungena komoya;
• i-asidi ezingeni lika-7-9.

Ukuze uthole inhlalakahle yama-cichlids, kuyadingeka ukulungisa izindawo zokukhosela eziningi ku-aquarium. Kungaba njalo ama-grottoes, amatshe, imigede kanye nezinhlobonhlobo ezihlukahlukene.

Ku-aquarium eyodwa ungagcini izinhlanzi ezingaphezu kwe-12 kanyekanye. Eqenjini elinjalo, bazobukeka bekhanga kakhulu, futhi ngesikhathi esifanayo bazoba nendawo eyanele. Iningi leqembu ngabesifazane.

Iphansi le-aquarium kufanele lifafazwe ngenhlabathi enesihlabathi noma amatshe amancane. Futhi izitshalo eziqinile ezidingekayo ngesistimu yezimpande ethuthukisiwe. Kungaba i-Vallisneria, i-Anubias noma i-Cryptocoryne.

Ama-ferns amaningana kufanele aqiniswe ematsheni, futhi kunconywa ukuthi asetshenziswe njengengubo eyengeziwe yokugqoka phezulu amaqabunga e-limnophila. Ukuvuselela indawo yokuhlala yemvelo yezinhlanzi, i-aquarium ihlotshiswe ngokukhululeka kwamadwala kanye nezakhiwo zamatshe.

Ukudla okuhlukahlukene kulungele ukuphakela amahlengethwa aluhlaza. izinga eliphezulu lokudla okuphilayo. Kungcono ukusebenzisa ukudla okunokuqukethwe okuphezulu kwamaprotheni:

1. Izikelemu zomhlaba.
2. Shrimp fresh noma eqandisiwe.
3. Isikelemu segazi.
4. Izingcezu zesibindi senyama yenkomo noma inhliziyo.

I-Dandelion, ulethisi, kanye nenettle nesipinashi zisetshenziswa njengokudla kwezitshalo.

Ukukhiqiza

Ukuzalanisa ihlengethwa eliluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka ku-aquarium, udinga ukwenza isiqiniseko sokuthi izinhlanzi zinempilo ngempela. Kufanele futhi unake ukudla. Kunconywa ukushintshanisa izinhlobo ezimbalwa zokudla futhi usebenzise ama-oligochaetes aphezulu.

Amaduna alungele isikhathi sokukhwelana ajabule. Ukuziphatha kwabo kuba nolaka, i-fat pad ithola i-tint ephuzi, futhi imigqa eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka eguquguqukayo ebonakalayo ibonakala emzimbeni. Kuyaqapheleka ukuthi ngokukhula, le pad yamafutha ebunzini iba nkulu. Ungakwazi ukunquma ukulungela kwabesifazane ukuzala ngokukhanyisa umzimba kanye ne-anal evuvukele.

Kukholakala ukuthi izinhlanzi zingazala kusukela ngonyaka owodwa nesigamu. Imvamisa, le nqubo yenzeka ngamabili ngokuhlukana nezinye izinhlanzi.

Ngobusuku bangaphambi kokuzala, eyeduna nensikazi bayajabula bese bethatha indawo yokuzalela. Khona-ke indawo ekhethiwe ihlanzwa ngokucophelela, emva kwalokho umdlalo wokukhwelana uqala. Ngakho, izinhlanzi zihlikihla amabunzi azo. Khona-ke izitho zabesifazane ngezingxenye ezincane emgodini olungiselelwe owesilisa, noma kunoma iyiphi indawo eyisicaba.

Eyeduna ivundisa amaqanda, emva kwalokho insikazi isifake emlonyeni. Kuleli qophelo, kuyadingeka ukugwema ukucindezeleka okuhlukahlukene, ngaphandle kwalokho inhlanzi izogwinya inzalo yayo. Yonke inqubo yokuzala ithatha cishe imizuzu engama-40-60. Ukukhiqiza okuphezulu kwehlengethwa eliluhlaza ngamaqanda angama-80-120.

Amahlengethwa aluhlaza azalela aze abe neminyaka eyi-8. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, ziyakwazi ukuzalanisa nezinye izinhlanzi, kuhlanganise ne-haplochromis ka-Livingston. Ama-hybrid atholakala anemigqa eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka kanye nemizimba empunga-nsundu.

Ukunakekela izingane

Njengomthetho, ukufakwa kwe-fry kuthatha izinsuku eziyi-15 kuye kwezingama-25. Sonke lesi sikhathi, amaqanda asemlonyeni wensikazi. Ngakho-ke, akadli ngalesi sikhathi. Ukukhulelwa nokuzalwa okulandelayo kokuthosa kwenzeka phakathi kwamasonto ama-3.

Kulesi sigaba, i-aquarist kufanele inakekele amanzi conditioning izihlungi ukusiza ukugcina ibhalansi yamakhemikhali efanele. Kufanele futhi unake ukudla okuhlukahlukene okujwayelekile kokuthosa. Ekuqaleni, unganikeza kuphela ama-Artemia crustaceans kanye nezithako ezifayo.

Ukudla kufanele kube wageza i-tubifex namavithamini I-A, E kanye ne-D. Nematodes, kanye nama-cyclops nezinye izilokazane, zilungele ukuphakela gazinga. Uma ukudla kungenakulinganisela, khona-ke izinhlanzi zizofa. Futhi, ukufa kwezingane kuchazwa ukwehla kwezinga lokushisa libe ngu-23º C nangaphansi.

Abaningi base-aquarists abanolwazi bakhetha ukwaba ukuthosa i-incubator ehlukileukugwema ukugwinywa owesifazane. Ngale njongo, kusetshenziswa i-aquarium engamalitha ayi-12-15, lapho amanzi ethelwa khona echibini elivamile futhi kunikezwa i-aeration. Izinga lokushisa kufanele libe ngu-27º C.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, amanzi kufanele engeza i-methylene eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka. Amaqanda asephenduke abamhlophe kumele akhishwe nge-pipette, uyabona, awasakwazi ukusebenza. I-Fry idluliselwa kubazali babo okungenani izinyanga ezi-3.

Nyanga zonke, amahlengethwa amancane aluhlaza akhula ngo-8-10 mm. Ngokulungiswa okufanele, ukuthomba kokuqala kwezinhlanzi kuyabonwa. Ngakho-ke, ukuzala kungenzeka lapho eneminyaka eyi-10.

Kuyaphawuleka ukuthi into enjalo ibhekwa njengengavamile, ngoba inzalo ibuthakathaka futhi icishe ife ngokuphelele. Ngenxa yalesi sizathu, kunconywa ukuzalanisa izinhlanzi okungenani ezineminyaka eyodwa nesigamu ubudala.

Ukuziphatha kwehlengethwa nokuhambisana nezinye izinhlanzi

Lezi zinhlobo ze-cichlids ziyizilwane ezifuywayo ezithakazelisayo nabazali abahle kakhulu. Bazothile futhi abanomsindo. Izinhlanzi zingadlala, zihamba ngokushesha kakhulu nangomusa. Amaduna azibonakalisa kwabesifazane ngokukhanya okuhle ngokusabalalisa amaphiko abo.

Kuyaphawuleka ukuthi ama-cichlids anamathele kumnikazi, okungukuthi, izinhlanzi zingambona. Ngakho-ke, lapho i-aquarist isondela ethangini, izilwane ezifuywayo ziyaphila.

amahlengethwa aluhlaza kubhekwa njengokunokuthula, ngakho-ke indawo yokugcina izilwane ilungele bona. Uma ufisa, ungakwazi ukuhlanganisa izinhlanzi namanye ama-cichlid angenalo ulaka, kuhlanganise ne-aulunocar. Umakhelwane one-labidochromis, i-catfish noma ama-barbs nawo avunyelwe.

Ukunakekela ama-cichlids kuwumsebenzi odla isikhathi, okuyinto kudinga amakhono athile nokunakwa okuningi. Uma ufunda zonke izici zokuqukethwe bese ukhetha ukudla okusezingeni eliphezulu, khona-ke amahlengethwa e-aquarium azojabulisa umnikazi wawo ngombono omuhle isikhathi eside.