I-Catfish synodontis: izici zezinhlobo, imithetho yesondlo nezinye izici + isithombe

Umlando omfushane we-Syndontis Soma

I-Synodontis catfish iyinhlanzi yamanzi ahlanzekile evela emndenini we-cirrus catfish. Igama lesiLatini lalolu hlobo yi-Synodontis. Le catfish ivela ezindaweni ezimaphakathi ne-Afrika.

Ama-Synodontis athandwa kakhulu phakathi kwama-aquarists ngenxa yokubukeka kwawo okungavamile kanye nesimo sengqondo.

Izinhlanzi zase-Afrika zihlala ziphapheme ebusuku futhi zicashe emini. Indawo yokuhlala – iLake Tanganyika kanye noMfula iCongo. Bakhetha amaxhaphozi athule. Abamele lolu hlobo beza eYurophu maphakathi nekhulu lama-20. Kulula ukuzigcina futhi zingaphila iminyaka eyi-XNUMX. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kukholakala ukuthi ama-synodonts anikezwe "uhlamvu". Ngenxa yalezi zizathu, i-catfish yalolu hlobo yasheshe yathandwa phakathi kwama-aquarist emhlabeni jikelele. Wonke umuntu angakhetha i-synodontis yosayizi oyifunayo nombala oyifunayo. Lolu hlobo lunezinhlobo eziningi ezingaphansi. Ngamunye wabo unamagama amaningana.

Incazelo yokubukeka

Umzimba we-Synodontis unwetshiwe, uminyene ubheke emsileni. Ijika le-dorsal likhulu kune-ventral curve. Isikhumba siqinile futhi simbozwe amafinyila ayingxenye ye-catfish. Ikhanda likhulu linomlomo obanzi. Udebe olungezansi luvame ukugqama kakhulu kunolungenhla. Amehlo atholakala emaceleni. Ezinye izinhlobo zinamehlo amakhulu (isibonelo, i-cuckoo catfish). Kunamapheya amaningana entshebe eduze komlomo. Ngosizo lwabo, i-catfish izwa indawo ezungezile ebusuku. Bamsiza ukuthi ahambe ebumnyameni.

I-Synodontis idinga amadevu ukuze iqondiswe esikhaleni ebusuku

Umbala womzimba ungahluka ukusuka kophuzi ngokuphaphathekile ukuya kompunga-nsusundu. Amachashazi atholakala kuwo wonke umzimba (usayizi - ukusuka ku-punctate kuya kweziyindilinga ezinkulu). I-dorsal fin inesimo sikanxantathu, imisebe ihlukile, i-prickly. Amaphiko e-pectoral amide (akuvumela ukuthi ubhukude ngokushesha). Imisebe emide ibonakala ngokucacile emsileni owenziwe ngemfoloko.

Umuntu ngamunye we-subspecies ngayinye unomehluko wabo wocansi. Isibonelo, i-shifter yesifazane inamabala amakhulu kuneyeduna. Eyeduna incane kuneyensikazi. I-cuckoo yesilisa ibonakala kalula ngephiko layo eliphezulu le-dorsal. Umzimba weduna uyakhanya futhi mncane. Insikazi ye-synodontis eveziwe inkulu kuneyeduna. Isisu sayo siyindilinga, futhi ikhanda layo libanzi.

izinhlobonhlobo

Phakathi kwenani elikhulu lezinhlobo ze-synodontis, izinhlobo eziningana zithole ukuthandwa okukhulu (lokhu ikakhulukazi ngenxa yezici ezikhanyayo zangaphandle):

• i-eupterus eveziwe (Synodontis eupterus);
• shifter (Synodontis nigriventris);
• кукушка (Synodontis multipunctatus);
• synodontis petricola (Synodontis petricola);
• synodontis amehlo abanzi (Hemisynodontis membranaceus).

Ithebula lokuqhathanisa: izinhlobo ze-synodontis

Igalari yezithombe: izinhlobo ezidume kakhulu

Isici esiyingqayizivele se-catfish eshintshashintshayo ukuthi ibhukuda ngesisu phezulu

Isici se-catfish enamadevu abanzi emadevuni aminyene, "anama-web".

Isici esihlukile se-petricola catfish yikhanda elinwetshiwe ekhaleni, liphansi ukusuka phezulu.

Amaphiko kanye nomsila we-catfish yeveyili zinde, zifana nesitimela

Isici se-cuckoo catfish emehlweni amakhulu kanye nomngcele omhlophe ohlangothini olulodwa ku-dorsal fin

Izici zokunakekelwa nokunakekelwa

I-Synodontis catfish ayinakuzithoba ekunakekeleni, kodwa ithanda ukuzinza. I-Soma idinga indawo ethokomele nendawo yomuntu siqu. Kufanele azizwe njengomnikazi we-aquarium. I-synodont eyodwa encane izokwenza kahle ethangini elingu-20 cm. Kodwa uma inhlanzi enomlomo obanzi, ingakhula ibe ngamasentimitha angama-25 (noma ngaphezulu). Ngakho-ke, umuntu omkhulu udinga i-aquarium enamandla amalitha angama-200. Ama-aquarists amaningi agcwalisa izinhlanzi ezintsha kuqala emanzini amancane, futhi njengoba abantu bekhula, bathatha isitsha esinamandla.

Enye yezidingo eziphoqelekile zokuhlela i-aquarium ukuba khona kwendawo yokukhosela. Uma une-catfish kuphela, akudingekile ukuhlanganisa yonke i-bottom nge-snags nama-grottoes. I-catfish enesizotha futhi eqinile izosebenzisa into eyodwa kuphela. Uma ususa indawo yokukhosela ayijwayele, uzokwenqaba ngokuziqhenya okunye. Ezimweni ezinjalo, inhlanzi ecasukile ingathatha indawo ekhoneni le-aquarium noma, isibonelo, ngaphansi kwesihlungi. Ngakho-ke, kufanele kube nezindawo zokukhosela eziningi ku-aquarium njengoba kunezibonelo ze-synodontis kuyo.

I-Syndontis catfish idinga indawo yokukhosela

Kudingeka indawo yokukhosela ukuze i-catfish ikwazi ukucasha kuyo emini. Futhi ku-aquarium kufanele kube izitshalo (anubias, cryptocoryne noma echinodorus). I-algae ye-Broadleaf izohlinzeka ngomthunzi okhululekile (njengendawo yokukhosela). Ama-Changer ikakhulukazi athanda ukufihla ngaphansi kwamaqabunga anjalo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ungatshala i-Java moss ku-aquarium. Kunoma yikuphi, izitshalo kufanele zilungiswe ngokuphepha. Uma i-algae ekhethiwe ingenayo isistimu yezimpande eqinile, izimbiza ezikhethekile zingafakwa.

Inhlabathi kumele iphephe (isihlabathi somfula, amatshe amancane, amatshe agxotshiwe, njll.). Ubukhulu benhlabathi obufanele bungamasentimitha angu-7. Iqiniso liwukuthi i-catfish ihamba phansi ifuna ukudla, izwa umhlabathi ngamadevu awo. Kwezinye izinhlobo ze-Syndontis, izimpondo zincane futhi zintekenteke. Uma kukhona amatshe amabi, abukhali ku-aquarium, i-catfish ingalimaza isitho sayo esiyinhloko sokuhogela. Ngaphezu kwalokho, amanye ama-catfish athanda “ukucwila” emhlabathini ngamakhala azo.

Ingelosi yenkanyezi i-catfish synodontis kaningi kunabanye "ihlohla" ikhala layo esihlabathini (iyihogele, ibhuquza esihlabathini ngombhobho waso)

Imingcele yamanzi, ukukhanyisa nezinye izici

I-synodontis organism ijwayele ibhalansi ye-pH engathathi hlangothi. Amanzi kufanele afudumele (24-28 ° C) futhi aqine. Uma amanzi ethambile kakhulu, ungasebenzisa ama-coral chips ukwandisa ubulukhuni. Kuyadingeka ukugcwalisa amanzi nge-oxygen nesihlungi. I-Catfish iphila impilo ephansi kakhulu, ngakho ukunqwabelana kodoti wemvelo phansi kungaba nomthelela omubi empilweni yabo. Ngakho-ke, kuyadingeka ukuphonsa inhlabathi (ukuhlanza ngethuluzi elikhethekile) bese ubuyisela amanzi okungenani kanye ngesonto (15-20%).

Bahlala emanzini aqinile, konke kubonakala kujwayelekile, izinga lokushisa lingaba ngu-26 degrees. Bathanda ukumba emhlabathini, abakhubeki izitshalo nezinye izinhlanzi (ngaphandle kwe-fry, uma bezibamba, bazozishwabadela). Ama-cichlid ami awawathinti ikakhulukazi, yimigqa emnyama kuphela exoshwa esidlekeni sawo ngesikhathi sokuzala. Lapho behlanganyela izindawo zokukhosela, omunye waba mkhulu, bagijimisana ukuze amanzi aphalaze, futhi manje umuntu usenezibazi zempi futhi awekho amadevu.

Umbusi we-synodontis

Kuyadingeka ukukhanyisa i-aquarium, kepha izibani ezisindayo ziyazikhethela. Ukukhanya kuzoba usizo ezitshalweni, futhi i-catfish ayinandaba nayo. Uma ufake idivayisi yokukhanyisa, khona-ke ingasetshenziswa kuze kube yilapho ikhiqiza. Ngokufika kwezilwane ezisencane, i-aquarium kuzodingeka ibe mnyama.

Ividiyo: i-golden synodontis ihlola indawo

Imithetho yokudla

I-catfish yase-Afrika cishe i-omnivorous, kodwa ekuseni izibonakalisa njengezilwane ezidla ezinye. Lezi zinhlanzi zingaphakelwa ukudla okuphilayo, njengezikelemu zegazi. Abanye abakwenqabi ukudla okomile uma kuqukethe amaprotheni. Bathanda ukudla okunenhliziyo nokuminyene (abazideleli izinhlanzi ezincane). Amanye ama-aquarists ondla izilwane ezifuywayo nge-shrimp noma inyama ye-sprat. Kodwa uma lokhu kwenziwa kaningi, khona-ke i-catfish izojwayela ukudla kwenyama, okuzothi ngokuhamba kwesikhathi "ifundise" inyamazane eyingozi kuyo.

Ebusuku, izakhamuzi zase-aquarium ezinama-mustachio zisesha phansi zifuna ukudla futhi zingagwinya ngokungaqondile, isibonelo, ama-guppies noma i-zebrafish. Ngakho-ke, uma uthambisa i-catfish ngenyama, kungcono ebusuku. Ngokuvamile, i-Syndontis iyakhethwa. Uma ukudla okuwa phezulu kubonakala kubo kumnandi kunalokhu kuphansi, bayakudla. Ngokuvamile, lokhu kudla okulandelayo kusetshenziselwa ukuphakela izinhlanzi ezingaphansi:

• AL Motyl;
• I-Tetra TabiMin ne-Tetra PlekoMin;
• Sera Viformo;
• I-Sera Premium Spirulina Tabs njll.

Ividiyo: ama-synodontis amabili abelana ngethebhulethi yokuphakelayo

Ingabe i-synodontis ingadla iminenke nezitshalo

Ungakwazi ukuthuntubeza umuzwa wemvelo wokuzingela ku-catfish kuphela ngokujwayela ukudla kwemifino. Izinhlanzi ezingezansi zinganikezwa ukudla okukhethekile kwemifino noma ukudla okuvamile okuluhlaza (amaqabunga e-dandelion, isipinashi, ukhukhamba, i-zucchini, njll.). Ngaphezu kwalokho, i-catfish ngeke inqabe i-oatmeal. Kodwa kufanele ziqale zithelwe ngamanzi abilayo, kungenjalo zizoba nzima kakhulu.

Ungazama ukufiphaza imvelo edlayo ye-Synodontis ngokumnika ukudla kwezitshalo.

I-catfish ngeke ibulawe indlala, ngisho noma ingaphakelwa usuku noma ezimbili. Kodwa uma udla ngokweqile, futhi ngisho nokudla okuvela ezilwaneni, izinhlanzi zingagula, njengoba i-catfish ijwayele ukukhuluphala.

Uma umnikazi we-aquarium engeyena umlandeli "womhlatshelo", awukwazi ukondla i-catfish ngeminenke ngamabomu. Ngezinye izikhathi ama-synodontis adla iminenke, kodwa lokhu akubangelwa ulaka noma ukulimaza. Ukuthi nje uma i-catfish iphuma, isibonelo, ebusuku iyofuna ukudla, kodwa ingakutholi ukudla phansi, khona-ke umnenke ungase ubonakale ufana nenyama ekhangayo kuye. Ngisho ne-cuckoo catfish, ngokwemvelo edla iminenke kuphela, ingase ingayithinti i-aquarium uma ithola enye inketho yokudla.

Ukuhambisana nezinye izinhlanzi

Umbandela oyinhloko ekukhethweni komakhelwane be-catfish ubukhulu (udinga ukuhlanganisa i-catfish ukudoba usayizi ofanayo). Elinye iphuzu elibalulekile umsebenzi wezinhlanzi. Ngokwesibonelo, inhlanzi ehamba kancane ingase ihlale ilambile ngenxa ye-catfish. I-Synodontis ihambisana kahle nama-cichlids kanye ne-koi. Izimo zokugcina izinhlanzi ziyefana, futhi omakhelwane bayalingana. Ukungqubuzana phakathi kwama-synodontis nama-cichlids kungavela ezinsukwini zokuqala zokwethulwa, lapho abesilisa bezama ukukhombisa ukubusa kwabo.

U-Koi wenza omakhelwane abalungile be-synodontis

Ukuhambisana kwe-Intraspecific kungenxa yamandla nobudala bomuntu ngamunye. Ngakho-ke, i-catfish endala nenkulu ingakwazi "ukuxosha" inhlanzi encane encane endaweni yokukhosela ukuze ithathe le ndawo ngokwayo. Abantu abanamandla baphinde baphile ezindaweni ezibuthakathaka ezindaweni ezivulekile ze-aquarium.

U-Dalmatian wami uneminyaka engu-12 ephila, akakaze aphinde abuyele, into nje ukuthi udle i-ampoule, awukwazi ukumuphuca lokho. Zonke ezinye izinhlanzi azinakwa, njengoba zinjalo. Ebusuku, “indiza” izungeza i-aquarium, iphephezela phezulu “ushaka” wayo ongemuva. Ngoba isimo esingenamusa salaba bafana sisabuzwa, banomusa futhi bahlakaniphile.

Umnikazi we-synodontis yabantu abadala

Ukuziphatha komphakathi kanye nesimilo

EJapane, kunenganekwane mayelana nesakhiwo somhlaba. Ngokusho kwakhe, umhlaba uhlezi ngemuva kwe-Namazu catfish (Namazu catfish). Enye inhlanzi enama-mustachioed igadwe unkulunkulu othile. Lapho unkulunkulu ephazamisekile, i-catfish iyavuka futhi itshikize umsila. Kusukela kulokhu, ama-tsunami nokuzamazama komhlaba kwenzeka emhlabeni. Ngenxa yale nganekwane, amaJapane anenhlonipho ekhethekile nge-catfish - inhlanzi engcwele.

I-Catfish ibizwa ngokuthi i-catfish hhayi nje ngenxa yamadevu nomsila. Kukholakala ukuthi lezi zinhlanzi zinikezwe ubuhlakani futhi ziyakwazi ukubona umnikazi wazo. Futhi i-Syndontis nayo ihlukile. Isibonelo, uma i-shapeshifter ihlala ku-aquarium encane evundlile, ungayishaya. Udinga ukuya ethangini emini, hambisa kahle ishidi lekhava bese ushaya i-catfish esiswini. Ngeke avuke ngokushesha, ngakho umnikazi uzoba nesikhathi sokujabulela isikhathi.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, abanye abanikazi balezi zinhlanzi ezingaphansi bazibamba ngezandla. Ngempela, lapho idoba ngenetha, i- catfish iphumela ngaphandle amaphiko ayo futhi ilengise umsila wayo, futhi lokhu kungaholela ekulimaleni. Abanikazi be-synodontis "tame" bakholelwa ukuthi inhlanzi iyakwazi ukubona umuntu, ikakhulukazi ngemva kweminyaka eminingana yokuhlala ndawonye.

Ukuhlolwa okuyisisekelo kuqinisekisa lokhu: ungabona ukuthi inhlanzi ikubuka kanjani futhi ilinde ukudla. Ezinsukwini ezimbalwa ngaphambi kokuhlolwa, unganikeza ukudla kwakho kwe-catfish okuthandayo. Ngosuku “X” udinga ukuya ku-aquarium futhi ulethe isandla sakho phezu kwamanzi, okucatshangwa ukuthi unokudla. Isilwane esifuywayo esinamabala sizobheka ngqo emehlweni omuntu, sihlale sisezingeni elifanayo.

Ividiyo: I-Syndontis ibone umnikazi

Izici zokuzalanisa nokuzalanisa

I-Synodontis inzima ukuzalanisa ekhaya. Abantu abasezitolo ze-aquarium bangeniswa kwamanye amazwe. Kunzima kakhulu ukuzalanisa izinhlobo ze-hybrid ezingavamile (izinhlanzi ezinhle kakhulu futhi zokuhlobisa, kunzima nakakhulu). Ukuzalanisa izinhlanzi, abafuyi benza imijovo yamahomoni. Okuhlukile kulo mthetho yi-cuckoo synodontis. Lezi zinhlanzi zisebenzisa i-nest parasitism. Ngesikhathi sokuzala, ezinsikazi “ziphonsa” amaqanda azo kuma-cichlid. Labo-ke bathwala inzalo ye-catfish emlonyeni wabo. Uma konke kuhamba kahle kumnikazi we-cuckoo, i-fry echanyuselwa kufanele itshalwe kabusha ngokushesha. Ngemva kwezinsuku ezimbalwa, zingaphakelwa izibungu ze-Artemia.

I-cuckoo synodontis yensikazi iphonsa amaqanda ayo kwezinye izinhlanzi, njengoba inyoni ye-cuckoo ibeka amaqanda ayo ezidlekeni zabanye abantu

Ubunzima obukhulu ekuzaleni ukuthi cishe akunakwenzeka ukwenza indawo ye-aquarium ibukeke njengemvelo. Ama-aquarists anolwazi oluthe xaxa athambise futhi ashise amanzi ukuze alingise isizini ye-monsoon. Setha futhi "izicupho" ze-caviar. Isitsha esimbozwe ngenetha sifakwa ku-aquarium engenalutho (amanzi kuphela). Indawo yokukhosela engenaphansi ibekwe ekugcineni. I-catfish yesifazane icasha kule ndawo yokukhosela bese izalela amaqanda, awela ngokushesha esitsheni esimbozwe ngenetha. Ngemva kokuzala, abadala bayatshalwa. Amanethi angasuswa ukuze okuthosiwe okuchanyuselwe kuphume esitsheni.

Izifo ze-Synodontis kanye Nezindlela Zokwelapha

Njenganoma iyiphi enye izinhlanzi, i-catfish ingagula uma izimo eziyisisekelo zokuboshwa zephulwa. Isibonelo, uma i-catfish idliwe ngokweqile, izoba yisidudla. Ukuze abuyele kokujwayelekile, udinga ukuhlela ukudla kwe-catfish. Awukwazi ukubeka izinhlanzi esitelekeni sendlala, kodwa ungahlela izinsuku zokuzila (kanye ngesonto). Uma umzimba we-Synodontis usuphelile, kusho ukuthi ucindezelekile. Lesi simo singabangelwa noma yini, njengokugcwala ngokweqile kwe-aquarium. Lapho inkinga isilungisiwe, izinhlanzi zizobuyela esimweni esijwayelekile.

Uma inhlanzi engezansi ilala ngohlangothi futhi iphefumula kakhulu, kusho ukuthi ayinawo umoya-mpilo owanele. Kudingekile ukubheka i-aeration - ukugcwala komoya (i-aerator kungenzeka iphukile). Lapho okuqukethwe komoyampilo emanzini kuba okufanayo, i-catfish izolulama. Ungavumeli isilwane sakho silale phansi isikhathi eside. Kunamagciwane amaningi kanye namadiphozithi e-organic enhlabathini, ngenxa yalokhu, izinhlanzi zingase zibe nokubola kwe-fin. Isilonda esinjalo siphathwa nge-streptocide (ungenza ukugeza kwesigamu sehora). Uma wesaba ukulimaza isilwane sakho sasemanzini, ungathintana nodokotela wakho wezilwane.

Ama-Synodontis ama-catfish amahle futhi angenasizotha. Izinhlanzi ezinjalo ziyi-omnivorous, zinokuthula futhi zizolile. Ilungele ama-aquarists aqalayo, uma engazange ahlangane nezinhlanzi ezincane. I-Catfish ingadla izinhlanzi ezincane ngesikhathi sokuzingela ebusuku. I-catfish esele ngeke ilethe inkinga.