Ukunakekela izingulube zengane ezibuthakathaka
Ngokuvamile kwenzeka ukuthi ingane eyodwa noma amaningi azalwa emancane futhi abuthakathaka kunamanye. Kumalitha amaningi, umehluko wesisindo nobukhulu bamawundlu ubonakala ikakhulukazi. Lo mehluko ungenxa yokuma kwe-fetus eyayikuyo esibelethweni, nalapho amanani ahlukene ezakhi kanye nomoya-mpilo kwakuncike kuwo.
Amawundlu “abaneshwa,” ngokomfanekiso, ayebulawa indlala esibelethweni, ngakho ayengakwazi ukuzuza isisindo esilingana nesamanye ama-littermate andawo yawo yayingcono. Lezi zingane zingase ziphile futhi ziphile kahle futhi zizokwazi ukuncintisana nabafowabo nodadewabo ukuze zithole imibele kamama futhi ngaleyo ndlela ziphile, nakuba ukukhula kwazo kuzoncipha ngandlela-thile. Kodwa njalo nje – ikakhulukazi kumawundlu amawundlu amahlanu noma ngaphezulu – amazinyane anjalo angafa ngemva kwezinsuku ezimbalwa ngenxa yokungakwazi ukuncelisa unina.
Ngokuvamile kwenzeka ukuthi ingane eyodwa noma amaningi azalwa emancane futhi abuthakathaka kunamanye. Kumalitha amaningi, umehluko wesisindo nobukhulu bamawundlu ubonakala ikakhulukazi. Lo mehluko ungenxa yokuma kwe-fetus eyayikuyo esibelethweni, nalapho amanani ahlukene ezakhi kanye nomoya-mpilo kwakuncike kuwo.
Amawundlu “abaneshwa,” ngokomfanekiso, ayebulawa indlala esibelethweni, ngakho ayengakwazi ukuzuza isisindo esilingana nesamanye ama-littermate andawo yawo yayingcono. Lezi zingane zingase ziphile futhi ziphile kahle futhi zizokwazi ukuncintisana nabafowabo nodadewabo ukuze zithole imibele kamama futhi ngaleyo ndlela ziphile, nakuba ukukhula kwazo kuzoncipha ngandlela-thile. Kodwa njalo nje – ikakhulukazi kumawundlu amawundlu amahlanu noma ngaphezulu – amazinyane anjalo angafa ngemva kwezinsuku ezimbalwa ngenxa yokungakwazi ukuncelisa unina.
Uma yonke inzalo izalwe ibuthakathaka, lokhu kungaba ngenxa yezizathu ezilandelayo:
- amawundlu amaningi (ayisikhombisa noma ngaphezulu),
- ukukhula ngaphambi kwesikhathi kwamawundlu (azalwa ngaphambi kwezinsuku ezingama-64),
- insikazi yayihlushwa isifo esithile, njengokungondleki kahle noma i-scurvy (ukuntuleka kukavithamini C).
Amazinyane engulube angakabi yisikhathi angabonakala ngezinzipho ezimhlophe ezithambile kanye nejazi elimpofu. Ebusika, izingulube ezisanda kuzalwa ezinempilo zingase zife uma umama engazihlanzi futhi aziphakele ngokushesha ngemva kokuzalwa, njengoba maduzane azoqala ukuhlushwa amakhaza futhi angase abulawe umkhuhlane noma inyumoniya.
Ngezikhathi ezithile, izingane ezizalwa ngesisindo esivamile futhi zibukeka ziphilile zingase ziqale ukuncipha futhi zibe buthaka ngemva kwezinsuku ezimbalwa. Isizathu singase silele ohlotsheni oluthile lokungajwayelekile kokuzalwa noma ku-reflex yokuncela engathuthukile. Esimweni sokugcina, iwundlu lingafa uma ungasebenzisi ukudla okwenziwayo.
Kunemibono eyahlukene mayelana nokuthi ingane ebuthakathaka kufanele ihlengwe yini. Uma elele ngohlangothi futhi engakwazi ukuphakama ezinyaweni zakhe, noma elele ngesisu futhi engakwazi ukuphakamisa ikhanda lakhe, akusizi ngalutho ukuhlenga ingulube enjalo, njengoba isivele ifa. Kodwa ingane encane evevezelayo kodwa ebukeka iphilile ingasindiswa. Ingane emanzi futhi ebandayo idinga ukomiswa futhi ifudumale ngaphambi kokuba ikhululwe kwezinye izingulube, noma kunjalo, kungakhathaliseki ukuthi kwenzekani, kuhlale kunethuba lokuthi izobamba inyumoniya ngenxa ye-hypothermia futhi ife.
Uma yonke inzalo izalwe ibuthakathaka, lokhu kungaba ngenxa yezizathu ezilandelayo:
- amawundlu amaningi (ayisikhombisa noma ngaphezulu),
- ukukhula ngaphambi kwesikhathi kwamawundlu (azalwa ngaphambi kwezinsuku ezingama-64),
- insikazi yayihlushwa isifo esithile, njengokungondleki kahle noma i-scurvy (ukuntuleka kukavithamini C).
Amazinyane engulube angakabi yisikhathi angabonakala ngezinzipho ezimhlophe ezithambile kanye nejazi elimpofu. Ebusika, izingulube ezisanda kuzalwa ezinempilo zingase zife uma umama engazihlanzi futhi aziphakele ngokushesha ngemva kokuzalwa, njengoba maduzane azoqala ukuhlushwa amakhaza futhi angase abulawe umkhuhlane noma inyumoniya.
Ngezikhathi ezithile, izingane ezizalwa ngesisindo esivamile futhi zibukeka ziphilile zingase ziqale ukuncipha futhi zibe buthaka ngemva kwezinsuku ezimbalwa. Isizathu singase silele ohlotsheni oluthile lokungajwayelekile kokuzalwa noma ku-reflex yokuncela engathuthukile. Esimweni sokugcina, iwundlu lingafa uma ungasebenzisi ukudla okwenziwayo.
Kunemibono eyahlukene mayelana nokuthi ingane ebuthakathaka kufanele ihlengwe yini. Uma elele ngohlangothi futhi engakwazi ukuphakama ezinyaweni zakhe, noma elele ngesisu futhi engakwazi ukuphakamisa ikhanda lakhe, akusizi ngalutho ukuhlenga ingulube enjalo, njengoba isivele ifa. Kodwa ingane encane evevezelayo kodwa ebukeka iphilile ingasindiswa. Ingane emanzi futhi ebandayo idinga ukomiswa futhi ifudumale ngaphambi kokuba ikhululwe kwezinye izingulube, noma kunjalo, kungakhathaliseki ukuthi kwenzekani, kuhlale kunethuba lokuthi izobamba inyumoniya ngenxa ye-hypothermia futhi ife.
Okuqukethwe
Izindlela zokusindisa izingulube zezingane ezibuthakathaka
Indlela 1: Umama wokutholwa
Lena indlela elula yokondla izinyane elibuthaka noma intandane. Uma i-gilt ene-brood enkulu ibekwe eduze kwe-gilt ene-brood encane, lezi zinsikazi ezimbili zivame ukwabelana ngamaphuphu, ngaleyo ndlela zinikeze udoti omkhulu ithuba. Le ndlela ingasebenza futhi uma umama eshona eshiya izingane ezisanda kuzalwa. Iningi labesifazane lamukela izintandane futhi lizinakekele, ngakho-ke uma ngesizathu esithile omunye wama-gilt enqaba ukuthatha amawundlu, thola enye futhi ubeke amawundlu kuyo.
Ukuze ngaso sonke isikhathi bakwazi ukuphendukela ekushintsheni ingulube efile ngomama wokutholwa, abanye abafuyi bezingulube bashada namaduna amaningana nezinsikazi ngesikhathi esisodwa, ngoba kulokhu amazinyane azozalwa cishe ngesikhathi esifanayo, futhi omama bazozalwa. bakwazi ukukhulisa izintandane ndawonye uma kushona oyedwa kwabesifazane .
Indlela 2: Ukondla okwenziwayo ##
Ngaphambi kokuba uqale ukuphakela okwenziwayo, kufanele wamukele iqiniso lokuthi lona umsebenzi we-titanic, futhi mancane amathuba okuthi uphume unqobile kule mpi. Ukwazi lokhu, kuzoba lula kuwe uma ingane ifa ngokuzumayo, naphezu kwemizamo yakho emihle. Ungalokothi uzisole ngokufa kwengulube: ukondla okwenziwayo kuwumsebenzi onzima, futhi umphumela awuxhomekile kuwe kuphela nemizamo yakho, kodwa futhi nakubungqabavu nesibindi sewundlu.
Uma iwundlu lincane, lincane futhi libuthakathaka, mancane amathuba okuba liphile. Izingulube ezinkulu ngezinye izikhathi ziyakwazi ukuphila ngaphandle kosizo lwanoma ubani, kodwa ezimweni eziningi, amawundlu ashiywe ngaphandle komama angaphansi kwamasonto amabili adinga ukunakekelwa nokunakwa okwengeziwe.
Indlela 1: Umama wokutholwa
Lena indlela elula yokondla izinyane elibuthaka noma intandane. Uma i-gilt ene-brood enkulu ibekwe eduze kwe-gilt ene-brood encane, lezi zinsikazi ezimbili zivame ukwabelana ngamaphuphu, ngaleyo ndlela zinikeze udoti omkhulu ithuba. Le ndlela ingasebenza futhi uma umama eshona eshiya izingane ezisanda kuzalwa. Iningi labesifazane lamukela izintandane futhi lizinakekele, ngakho-ke uma ngesizathu esithile omunye wama-gilt enqaba ukuthatha amawundlu, thola enye futhi ubeke amawundlu kuyo.
Ukuze ngaso sonke isikhathi bakwazi ukuphendukela ekushintsheni ingulube efile ngomama wokutholwa, abanye abafuyi bezingulube bashada namaduna amaningana nezinsikazi ngesikhathi esisodwa, ngoba kulokhu amazinyane azozalwa cishe ngesikhathi esifanayo, futhi omama bazozalwa. bakwazi ukukhulisa izintandane ndawonye uma kushona oyedwa kwabesifazane .
Indlela 2: Ukondla okwenziwayo ##
Ngaphambi kokuba uqale ukuphakela okwenziwayo, kufanele wamukele iqiniso lokuthi lona umsebenzi we-titanic, futhi mancane amathuba okuthi uphume unqobile kule mpi. Ukwazi lokhu, kuzoba lula kuwe uma ingane ifa ngokuzumayo, naphezu kwemizamo yakho emihle. Ungalokothi uzisole ngokufa kwengulube: ukondla okwenziwayo kuwumsebenzi onzima, futhi umphumela awuxhomekile kuwe kuphela nemizamo yakho, kodwa futhi nakubungqabavu nesibindi sewundlu.
Uma iwundlu lincane, lincane futhi libuthakathaka, mancane amathuba okuba liphile. Izingulube ezinkulu ngezinye izikhathi ziyakwazi ukuphila ngaphandle kosizo lwanoma ubani, kodwa ezimweni eziningi, amawundlu ashiywe ngaphandle komama angaphansi kwamasonto amabili adinga ukunakekelwa nokunakwa okwengeziwe.
Ngiyaqiniseka ukuthi ziningi izindlela zokuphakela okwenziwa, kanye nemibono eminingi ngale ndaba. Indlela echazwe ngezansi ingenye engiyisebenzisayo futhi ngiyincoma kwabanye njengoba ivame ukuphumelela.
Ekhemisi noma esitolo, ungathenga impushana yokudla kwezingane emabhokisini. Udinga ukuthengela izingane ezincane ukudla, okungukuthi eyodwa esekelwe kummbila noma irayisi, enokunambitheka kwezithelo noma ngaphandle kwayo. Khetha eyodwa eyanele ukuhlanjululwa ngamanzi, njengoba iqukethe ubisi, izingxenye zigaywa kalula futhi zingaphansi kwamanye amazwe esiswini.
Yenza iphalishi elincane futhi uphakele imidlwane ngesirinji engu-2cc. Qala ngesirinji eyodwa futhi uphakele njalo ngemizuzu eyi-15 kuze kube yilapho inkonyane lenqaba ukudla. Ngale ndlela, ungaqonda ukuthi ingulube idinga ukugcwala ngokuphelele kangakanani. Ungakwazi futhi ukuzilungiselela ukudla kwakho: ilayisi elincanyana noma iphalishi lommbila elinejusi elincane le-blackcurrant. Nokho, okuhlangenwe nakho kwami kubonise ukuthi ubisi kanye nezinhlamvu zezingane ezinamavithamini angeziwe zinempilo kakhulu futhi kulula ukuzisebenzisa.
Ngemuva kwezinsuku ezimbalwa, engeza i-puree yesithelo ekudleni kwakho - kungaba okwenziwe ekhaya noma i-puree yengane ezitsheni zengilazi. Khumbula ukunikeza amanzi amaningi noma isiphuzo sesithelo esivela esirinjini njengoba ingane yakho ifuna. Ungalokothi uzame ukuphoqa okuthile emlonyeni wengulube, njengoba kunengozi yokudla okungena emgudwini wokuphefumula.
Nazi izinzuzo zale ndlela engenhla:
Nakuba ukuncelisa ubisi kuphela kudinga ukudla okuningi kwasemini newashi njengoba kugaywa ngokushesha, iphalishi lingaphakelwa izikhathi ezi-4-5 ngosuku njengoba linomsoco. Ukuphakela ebusuku kuyakhethwa.
Ubisi lwengulube yaseGuinea luhlukile ekubunjweni kolunye ubisi lwezilwane, ngakho-ke ubisi lwenkomo alufaneleki kakhulu esiswini sezingulube noma kunjalo.
Lapho ukondla iphalishi, amathuba okuthi ingene emgudwini wokuphefumula we-cub futhi, ngenxa yalokho, ukuqala kwe-pneumonia kuyancipha.
Amathumbu ezingane athuthuke kahle kusukela ekuzalweni futhi akwazi ukumunca okungaphezu nje kobisi.
Ukudla kwezingane kucebile ngovithamini C, obalulekile ezinganeni. Okunye ukudla noma ubisi kungase kungabi novithamini C nhlobo.
Ngemuva kokuncelisa, sula umlomo wengulube ngethishu. Futhi sula i-anus, njengoba ukuncelisa kuvuselela ukuchama kanye nendle.
Njengoba kushiwo ngenhla, ukuncelisa okwenziwa ngumsebenzi onzima, futhi amawundlu amaningi awasakwazi ukuphila. Esinye sezizathu kungaba ukuthi inkonyane lalibuthaka kakhulu futhi ukunceliswa ubisi lwebhodlela kwaqala sekwephuze kakhulu. Ukuhogela ubisi futhi kubangele inyumoniya nokuqunjelwa kungenye imbangela evamile yokufa. Ekugcineni, imidlwane ingafa ngenxa yokutheleleka, njengoba kungekho ukudla ngaphandle kobisi lwezingulube zezinsikazi oluqukethe amasosha omzimba athile ngokumelene namabhaktheriya ayingozi.
Ukondla okwenziwayo kuzokwenza ukuthi ijazi libe libi kakhulu kunabanye abantwana, mhlawumbe ngenxa yokuthi ubisi lwezingulube ze-Guinea luqukethe ingxenye engaziwa efaka isandla ekuthuthukiseni izinwele. Kuphela lapho iwundlu liqala ukudla lodwa lapho kuzoqala ukukhula kwezinwele okujwayelekile. Ijazi lamawundlu asuthiswa ngokuzenzela alinakho ukucwebezela nokuqina kwalo okujwayelekile, lomile futhi liyahlaba. Izingulube ezinezinwele ezinde ngeke zikwazi ukubamba iqhaza emibukisweni. Futhi ngisho nasezingulubeni ezinezinwele ezimfishane, kufanele kuthathe cishe izinyanga ezimbili ngaphambi kokuba ijazi lazo libukeke lijwayelekile futhi linempilo futhi.
Kudingekile ukukhuthaza iwundlu ukuba liqale ukudla lodwa ngokushesha ngangokunokwenzeka. Ukuze kufezeke lokhu, nsuku zonke faka utshani nezinye izitshalo zengulube, kanye notshani obuseqophelweni eliphezulu, ukudla okomile namanzi kumphuzi. Amaphuphu amaningi alahlekelwa amandla awo emvelo kanye nomuzwa womoya ngenxa yokugcinwa yedwa, ngakho gcina ingulube enjalo nezinye izingulube. Insikazi noma iduna elikhulile lizoncelisa amawundlu, liwafudumale futhi liwakhulise ngayo yonke indlela, ngaleyo ndlela andise amathuba okusinda.
© Mette Lybek Ruelokke
Isihloko sokuqala sitholakala kokuthi http://www.oginet.com/Cavies/cvbabs.htm.
© Ukuhumusha ngu-Elena Lyubimtseva
Ngiyaqiniseka ukuthi ziningi izindlela zokuphakela okwenziwa, kanye nemibono eminingi ngale ndaba. Indlela echazwe ngezansi ingenye engiyisebenzisayo futhi ngiyincoma kwabanye njengoba ivame ukuphumelela.
Ekhemisi noma esitolo, ungathenga impushana yokudla kwezingane emabhokisini. Udinga ukuthengela izingane ezincane ukudla, okungukuthi eyodwa esekelwe kummbila noma irayisi, enokunambitheka kwezithelo noma ngaphandle kwayo. Khetha eyodwa eyanele ukuhlanjululwa ngamanzi, njengoba iqukethe ubisi, izingxenye zigaywa kalula futhi zingaphansi kwamanye amazwe esiswini.
Yenza iphalishi elincane futhi uphakele imidlwane ngesirinji engu-2cc. Qala ngesirinji eyodwa futhi uphakele njalo ngemizuzu eyi-15 kuze kube yilapho inkonyane lenqaba ukudla. Ngale ndlela, ungaqonda ukuthi ingulube idinga ukugcwala ngokuphelele kangakanani. Ungakwazi futhi ukuzilungiselela ukudla kwakho: ilayisi elincanyana noma iphalishi lommbila elinejusi elincane le-blackcurrant. Nokho, okuhlangenwe nakho kwami kubonise ukuthi ubisi kanye nezinhlamvu zezingane ezinamavithamini angeziwe zinempilo kakhulu futhi kulula ukuzisebenzisa.
Ngemuva kwezinsuku ezimbalwa, engeza i-puree yesithelo ekudleni kwakho - kungaba okwenziwe ekhaya noma i-puree yengane ezitsheni zengilazi. Khumbula ukunikeza amanzi amaningi noma isiphuzo sesithelo esivela esirinjini njengoba ingane yakho ifuna. Ungalokothi uzame ukuphoqa okuthile emlonyeni wengulube, njengoba kunengozi yokudla okungena emgudwini wokuphefumula.
Nazi izinzuzo zale ndlela engenhla:
Nakuba ukuncelisa ubisi kuphela kudinga ukudla okuningi kwasemini newashi njengoba kugaywa ngokushesha, iphalishi lingaphakelwa izikhathi ezi-4-5 ngosuku njengoba linomsoco. Ukuphakela ebusuku kuyakhethwa.
Ubisi lwengulube yaseGuinea luhlukile ekubunjweni kolunye ubisi lwezilwane, ngakho-ke ubisi lwenkomo alufaneleki kakhulu esiswini sezingulube noma kunjalo.
Lapho ukondla iphalishi, amathuba okuthi ingene emgudwini wokuphefumula we-cub futhi, ngenxa yalokho, ukuqala kwe-pneumonia kuyancipha.
Amathumbu ezingane athuthuke kahle kusukela ekuzalweni futhi akwazi ukumunca okungaphezu nje kobisi.
Ukudla kwezingane kucebile ngovithamini C, obalulekile ezinganeni. Okunye ukudla noma ubisi kungase kungabi novithamini C nhlobo.
Ngemuva kokuncelisa, sula umlomo wengulube ngethishu. Futhi sula i-anus, njengoba ukuncelisa kuvuselela ukuchama kanye nendle.
Njengoba kushiwo ngenhla, ukuncelisa okwenziwa ngumsebenzi onzima, futhi amawundlu amaningi awasakwazi ukuphila. Esinye sezizathu kungaba ukuthi inkonyane lalibuthaka kakhulu futhi ukunceliswa ubisi lwebhodlela kwaqala sekwephuze kakhulu. Ukuhogela ubisi futhi kubangele inyumoniya nokuqunjelwa kungenye imbangela evamile yokufa. Ekugcineni, imidlwane ingafa ngenxa yokutheleleka, njengoba kungekho ukudla ngaphandle kobisi lwezingulube zezinsikazi oluqukethe amasosha omzimba athile ngokumelene namabhaktheriya ayingozi.
Ukondla okwenziwayo kuzokwenza ukuthi ijazi libe libi kakhulu kunabanye abantwana, mhlawumbe ngenxa yokuthi ubisi lwezingulube ze-Guinea luqukethe ingxenye engaziwa efaka isandla ekuthuthukiseni izinwele. Kuphela lapho iwundlu liqala ukudla lodwa lapho kuzoqala ukukhula kwezinwele okujwayelekile. Ijazi lamawundlu asuthiswa ngokuzenzela alinakho ukucwebezela nokuqina kwalo okujwayelekile, lomile futhi liyahlaba. Izingulube ezinezinwele ezinde ngeke zikwazi ukubamba iqhaza emibukisweni. Futhi ngisho nasezingulubeni ezinezinwele ezimfishane, kufanele kuthathe cishe izinyanga ezimbili ngaphambi kokuba ijazi lazo libukeke lijwayelekile futhi linempilo futhi.
Kudingekile ukukhuthaza iwundlu ukuba liqale ukudla lodwa ngokushesha ngangokunokwenzeka. Ukuze kufezeke lokhu, nsuku zonke faka utshani nezinye izitshalo zengulube, kanye notshani obuseqophelweni eliphezulu, ukudla okomile namanzi kumphuzi. Amaphuphu amaningi alahlekelwa amandla awo emvelo kanye nomuzwa womoya ngenxa yokugcinwa yedwa, ngakho gcina ingulube enjalo nezinye izingulube. Insikazi noma iduna elikhulile lizoncelisa amawundlu, liwafudumale futhi liwakhulise ngayo yonke indlela, ngaleyo ndlela andise amathuba okusinda.
© Mette Lybek Ruelokke
Isihloko sokuqala sitholakala kokuthi http://www.oginet.com/Cavies/cvbabs.htm.
© Ukuhumusha ngu-Elena Lyubimtseva
Kukhona Ongakuthanda
Yini ongayithengela i-gerbil?
Indlela yokwenza i-hammock yengulube ye-Guinea ngezandla zakho ekhaya (isithombe nevidiyo)
