Ukungezwani komzimba ezinjeni: okufanele ukwenze, ukwelashwa, izimpawu, izithombe

Kungani futhi kanjani i-allergies ezinjeni

Ngemuva kokuthi i-allergen ingena emzimbeni wesilwane, ekuphenduleni, isimiso somzimba sokuzivikela sikhiqiza amaprotheni - ama-antibodies akwazi ukwakha izinkimbinkimbi ezithile zokuzivikela. Ukungena isikhathi eside noma okuphindaphindiwe kwe-allergen kuholela ekusebenzeni kwe-complex, okubangela ukukhululwa kwabaxhumanisi abavuthayo egazini - impendulo yokuvuvukala iqala. Ngaphandle kokubonakaliswa kwangaphandle, izinguquko ezimbi nazo zenzeka ngaphakathi komzimba: ukuvuthwa kwemithambo yegazi kuyanda, izindonga zabo zonakalisiwe, ukwakheka kwezicubu zesilwane kuyashintsha (okubangela izifo ezizimele), njalonjalo.

Kungani kwakheka ukwanda komzimba wenja ku-allergen akwaziwa. Kodwa-ke, kucatshangwa ukuthi isisekelo siwukwephulwa kwesimiso somzimba sokuzivikela. Lokhu kungabangelwa izici ezilandelayo:

• ufuzo;
• izimo ezicindezelayo isikhathi eside;
• ukuba khona kwama-pathologies angapheli;
• izici zomuntu ngamunye zesimiso sezinzwa, amazinga e-hormonal;
• ukuhlasela kwe-helminthic.

Izimpawu Ezivamile Zokusabela Ezinjeni Ezinjeni

I-allergies ibonakala kanjani ezinjeni? Kuya ohlotsheni lwe-allergen. Umzimba ungaphendula ngezinqubo zokuvuvukala kulwelwesi lwamafinyila, umgudu wokuphefumula, izicubu zemisipha, isikhumba, izitho zokugaya ukudla, njalonjalo. Kodwa-ke, kunezimpawu ezijwayelekile okufanele uzinake:

• isikhumba esomile, esithambile;
• ukubonakala kwamabala anempandla, amabala anempandla;
• ukuphuma emakhaleni;
• ukuvuvukala kwe-conjunctiva;
• ukulunywa njalo;
• ukwanda kwe-lacrimation;
• ukubomvu kwendawo yangaphakathi yezindlebe;
• ukwanda komswakama emakhwapheni;
• izinkinga zokugaya ukudla, ukuphazamiseka kwepheshana lesisu;
• ukuphefumula, ukuphefumula kanzima;
• izinguquko ku-psyche (ukucasuka, ulaka).

Qaphela: uma ukusabela ku-allergen kunobudlova kakhulu, inja ingase ithuthukise i-edema kaQuincke. Uma umlomo wesilwane "uvuvukale", ukuphefumula kuphazamiseka, amehlo avuvukele, kufanele ufune usizo ngokushesha kudokotela wezilwane.

Njengoba izimpawu ze-allergies zifana nezifo eziningi, ukuxilongwa okunembile kungenziwa kuphela ngemva kokuhlolwa okuphelele kwenja.

Diagnostics

Lapho kuhlolwa i-allergies ezinjeni, uchwepheshe uzonikeza ukuhlolwa okuphelele. Kungenzeka ukukhipha ezinye izifo ngosizo lokuhlolwa kwegazi, umchamo, indle yezikelemu, ukukhuhla isikhumba, nezinye izindlela eziningi. Ubunzima bokubona i-allergen ekhona eqinisweni lokuthi izimpawu zezimo zifana kakhulu. Kulokhu, kusetshenziswa indlela yokukhishwa, okungukuthi, i-allergener engenzeka ihlolwe ngokulandelana. Into yokuqala abayinaka ukudla kanye nezinambuzane ezinamagciwane.

Ukuze kutholwe ukungezwani nokudla, isilwane sinikezwa ukudla okukhethekile kokuxilonga. Isilwane esifuywayo sizodinga ukudla uhlobo oluthile lokudla isikhathi esingangezinyanga ezimbili, okuhlanganisa/kungabandakanyi ukudla okuhlukahlukene okunamaprotheni. Umnikazi unesibopho sokurekhoda ubukhona noma ukungabi khona kwezinguquko kumephu yamaprotheni. Uma i-allergen yokudla itholakala, ikhishwa unomphela ekudleni. Le ndlela iyona kuphela eyenza kube nokwenzeka ukuhlonza umkhiqizo ongezwani nenja.

Ukuze uthole ukungezwani komzimba namazeze, hlola ngephepha elimhlophe elifakwe emanzini. Izinambuzane zishiya emzimbeni wesilwane “imfucumfucu” yokugaya kwazo ngendlela yamabala amnyama. Eqabungeni elimanzi, la mabala afiphala ngamachashaza abomvu.

Uma kunesidingo, ukuhlolwa kokuxilonga kungenziwa.

• Ukuhlolwa kwe-Intradermal. Inja ijova ngaphansi kwesikhumba ngenani elincane le-allergen, bese kuhlaziywa impendulo yokuzivikela komzimba.
• Ukuhlolwa kwegazi ukuze kutholakale amasosha omzimba. Lokhu kwenziwa ngokungeza inani elincane legazi kulokho okusolakala ukuthi akunalutho.

Ukuxilongwa kwaselabhorethri kusetshenziswa njalo. Lokhu kungenxa yezindleko eziphakeme zokuhlaziya okunjalo, ukulinda isikhathi eside kwemiphumela, kanye nokuntula kwabo ukwethembeka.

Izinhlobo zokungezwani komzimba nezinja

Njengabantu, izinja zihlushwa izinhlobo ezahlukene zokungezwani komzimba.

• I-atopic. Ngenxa yezici zofuzo. Ingathuthuka kunoma yikuphi okucasulayo (uthuli, i-poplar fluff, isikhunta), ngakho-ke kungase kube nzima ukuthola i-allergen.
• Okokuphefumula. Kuvela uma inja ihogela igciwane lesandulela ngculazi. Izimpawu ezijwayelekile yizinkinga zokuphefumula.
• I-Autoimmune. I-allergies kumaseli akho.
• Oxhumana naye. Kubangelwa ukuthintana okuqondile komzimba wenja nezinto ezingezwani nomzimba.

Esimweni ngasinye, isihluthulelo sokwelashwa okuphumelelayo kuyoba ukukhishwa okuphelele kwe-allergen.

ukungezwani kokudla

I-allergies yokudla ikhula ezinjeni ngokuyinhloko njengempendulo kumaprotheni, ngakho noma yikuphi ukudla okuqukethe le ngxenye kungabangela. Ngokuvamile, izinto ezingezwani komzimba ziyimikhiqizo yenyama, amaprotheni eqanda lezinkukhu, okusanhlamvu kanye nemifino (ukolweni, soy). Izithasiselo zokwenziwa eziqukethwe kukho kokubili ukudla kwezilwane kanye nemikhiqizo evamile zingaholela ekungezwani komzimba nezinto ezithile: ama-flavour, amadayi, ama-preservatives.

Kunombono wokuthi phakathi kwabangane abanemilenze emine ukungezwani okuvame kakhulu yinkukhu. Eqinisweni, lolu hlobo lokungezwani komzimba aluvamile kakhulu kunezinye. Ngisho nenyama yengulube noma imikhiqizo yesoya ibangela ukusabela okunodlame kakhulu kumasosha omzimba.

Izimpawu zokungezwani nokudla zingafaka:

• ukulunywa kwesikhumba, ukuqubuka;
• ukulahlekelwa izinwele zendawo;
• ukuphuma kwamafinyila emehlweni;
• ukuphazamiseka kokugaya ukudla;
• ukulunywa kanye / noma ukuphuma ezindlebeni, ukuvuvukala kwama-auricles nabanye.

Ukwelashwa kwe-allergies ekudleni kuhlanganisa ukukhomba i-allergen, ukuyiqeda, nokuqeda izimpawu ngemithi.

ukungezwani namazeze

Ukungezwani nokulunywa kwamazeze nakho kusekelwe ekuphenduleni komzimba kumaprotheni angaphandle. Ngesikhathi sokulimala esikhumbeni, isinambuzane sifaka imfihlo ekhethekile ezicutshini zesilwane, eziqukethe ama-enzyme nezinto ezihlukahlukene ezisebenzayo. Ezinye izinja zibekezelela ukulunywa kaningi, futhi ezizwelayo ikakhulukazi zingasabela kumazeze ngisho noma isinambuzane sivela ebunyeni.

Izimpawu ze-flea allergy zingabandakanya:

• i-hyperemia ye-epidermis;
• ukunwaya ngenxa yokulunywa njalo;
• ama-rashes endaweni ye-groin;
• utwayi.

Ngokuhlola kwangaphandle inja, umnikazi angase angaboni amazeze. Ukuze kuthuthukiswe ukungezwani komzimba, kwanele ukuthi inambuzane ilume, emva kwalokho i-flea ingashiya umzimba wesilwane.

Ukwelashwa kuleli cala kuqukethe ukubhujiswa kwezinambuzane ezimunca igazi (uma zingekho, khona-ke ukwelashwa kokuvimbela kwenziwa) kanye nokuqedwa kwezimpawu ngezidakamizwa.

Ukungezwani nemithi

Akuvamile ukuthi inja ibe nokusabela okweqile emithini. Izifo ezivame kakhulu yizi:

• ama-antibacterial agents;
• imigomo;
• amalungiselelo amavithamini.

Ukungezwani nezidakamizwa kungase kungabonakali ngokushesha. Lolu hlobo lwempendulo yokuzivikela komzimba, ezimweni eziningi, luzibonakalisa njengoba into iqoqa emzimbeni wenja.

Qaphela: naphezu kokukhula kancane kancane kokungezwani komzimba (okwenzeka kaningi), ezinye izilwane ezifuywayo zingase zithole impendulo ebukhali ngendlela ye-edema yomoya, ukuqunjelwa, ukushaqeka kwe-anaphylactic. Ngakho-ke, lapho uthatha umuthi okokuqala, udinga ukuqapha ngokucophelela isimo sesilwane.

Phakathi kwezimpawu zokungezwani nezidakamizwa kungaphawulwa: ukuqubuka, ukuphazamiseka kwamathumbu, ukuphazamiseka emsebenzini wenhliziyo. Ukwelashwa kuhlanganisa ukuyeka ngokushesha izidakamizwa kanye nokwelashwa okubonakalayo. Ezimweni ezimbi kakhulu, isidingo esiphuthumayo sokuxhumana nomtholampilo wezilwane.

Ukungezwani nemikhiqizo yenhlanzeko namakhemikhali asendlini

Izinja ziyazwela ezingxenyeni zamakhemikhali asekhaya kanye nemikhiqizo yenhlanzeko. Lolu hlobo lwe-allergies lungazibonakalisa ngemuva kokwelashwa okuqondile kwesilwane (isibonelo, ukugeza nge-shampoo engalungile), kanye nomphumela wokugeza izingubo zokulala, ukusebenzisa izithasiselo zokuhlanza lapho ugeza phansi, njalonjalo.

Ukubonakaliswa kwalolu hlobo lwempendulo yokuzivikela komzimba kungaba:

• izinkinga zezinwele;
• i-dermatitis kanye ne-dermatoses;
• ukusikwa;
• ukuphuma emakhaleni;
• ukuvuvukala kwe-conjunctiva, ukubomvu kwezitho zombono;
• ukuthimula nabanye.

Ukuthola i-allergen kuleli cala kunzima. Njengoba kusolwa ukungezwani komzimba nokudla namazeze ngokuyinhloko, kuzothatha cishe izinyanga ezimbili ukuqeda lezi zifo. Ngalesi sikhathi, izimpawu zokungezwani nenhlanzeko kanye nama-detergents zingase zibe zimbi kakhulu. Uma i-ejenti yangaphandle itholwa, ikhishwa ngokuphelele empilweni yenja futhi ukwelashwa okufanele kwezimpawu kuyenziwa.

Ezinye izinhlobo zokungezwani komzimba

Izinja zingaba nezinhlobonhlobo eziningi zokungezwani komzimba nezinto ezithile. Ngakho-ke, umzimba wesilwane ungaphendula ngendlela engafanele ku:

• uphaphe;
• helminths;
• ukutheleleka kwe-fungal, amagciwane;
• tshala impova noma izitshalo zasendlini;
• ezinye izilwane ezifuywayo (izinyoni, amakati);
• izindwangu zemvelo noma, ngokuphambene, zokwenziwa.

Kuzothatha isikhathi esingaphezu kwenyanga eyodwa ukuhlonza i-allergen enjalo. Ezimweni eziningi, isilwane sihlupheka impilo yakhe yonke, ngoba akunakwenzeka ukucacisa i-agent causative ye-pathology.

Ingozi ye-allergies ezinjeni

Uma i-allergen ingabonakali futhi iqedwa, inja izobhekana nezimpawu njalo, okuholela ekuphazamisekeni okukhulu ekusebenzeni kwazo zonke izinhlelo zezitho. Ukuntuleka kokwelashwa kusongela izifo ezifana nalezi:

• i-dermatosis engapheli;
• ukungalingani kwe-hormonal;
• ukuphambuka kwengqondo;
• i-edema yamaphaphu, ukuboshwa kokuphefumula;
• i-conjunctivitis engapheli;
• i-pathology yenhliziyo;
• impandla;
• ukushaqeka kwe-anaphylactic.

Njengoba umzimba ubuthakathaka, ukutheleleka kwesibili ngendlela yamagciwane, isikhunta, amagciwane ajoyina. Ezimweni ezimbi kakhulu, i-pathology iholela ekufeni kwesilwane.

Indlela Yokwelapha I-Allergies Ezinjeni

Indlela yokukhulula i-allergies ezinjeni, kanjani futhi kanjani ukwelapha izimpawu zayo? Kuncike ezicini ezihlukahlukene: ubunzima benkambo yesifo, ukuba khona noma ukungabikho kokutheleleka kwesibili, isimo sesilwane (umdlwane osanda kuzalwa, ukukhulelwa, ukuguga), nabanye. Ukwelashwa kufanele kuphelele futhi kufake imisebenzi efana nale:

• ukuhlonza nokuqedwa kwe-allergen;
• ukudla kwe-hypoallergenic;
• imithi yokukhulula izimpawu.

Kudingekile ukwethula imingcele ekudleni hhayi nje ukubona ukungezwani kokudla, kodwa futhi nezinye izinhlobo zokusabela komzimba.

Uma isilwane sinokungasebenzi kahle kwezinhlayiya ze-lacrimal, ukuvuvukala kwe-conjunctiva, ukukhishwa kwe-purulent emehlweni, ukubeka amaconsi afanelekile, amafutha okugcoba nokugeza. Uma kwenzeka izilonda zesikhumba, ukulahlekelwa izinwele, i-antiseptic yangaphandle, i-antipruritic, ama-ejenti wokuphulukisa aboniswa, futhi uma kwenzeka ukutheleleka kwesibili, kuboniswa amafutha e-antibacterial kanye namalungiselelo okusetshenziswa kwangaphakathi. Ezinye izimpawu ziphathwa ngendlela efanayo. Uma isilwane siqala ukuvuvukala kolwelwesi lwamafinyila lomlomo namehlo, inja iqala ukuminyanisa, khona-ke udinga ukubiza udokotela wezilwane ngokushesha noma uhambise isilwane emtholampilo oseduze.

Imuphi umuthi wokungezwani komzimba ongawunikeza inja

Okufanele unikeze inja ye-allergies - udokotela wezilwane uyanquma, futhi ukhetha umthamo wemithi kanye nobude besikhathi sokwelashwa. Ukukhethwa kwama-antihistamine kubanzi impela, kanti ezimweni eziningi okuthandwayo kunikezwa izidakamizwa ezithako zazo ezisebenzayo zinciphisa ukuzwela kwezicubu kubalamuli abavuvukalayo. Izidakamizwa ezinjalo zinciphisa isimo sokulunywa, ziqede ukuvuvukala, zinciphise ukuqina kodonga lwe-vascular kanye nama-spasms.

Uhlu lwemithi yokungezwani nomzimba.

Ngaphezu kwama-antihistamines, ukwelashwa okuyinkimbinkimbi kokungezwani komzimba kuhlanganisa izidakamizwa ezilungisa umsebenzi wesimiso somzimba sokuzivikela ezifweni (Imunofan, Gamavit), kanye ne-corticosteroids yokusetshenziswa kwangaphandle nangaphakathi (Prednisolone, Dexamethasone).

Okubalulekile: ngisho noma inja iphathwa ekhaya, udokotela wezilwane kufanele anikeze izidakamizwa ngemva kokuxilonga nokungabandakanyi ezinye izifo. Uma kungenjalo, ukucindezelwa kokuzivikela komzimba kanye nokuthuthukiswa kwezimo ezisongela ukuphila kungenzeka.

Okufanele uphakele inja ngesikhathi sokwelashwa kokungezwani komzimba

Ngokungezwani komzimba kwanoma yiluphi uhlobo, isilwane sidinga ukwenza ukudla okukhethekile. Kuyo udinga ukukhipha yonke imikhiqizo umzimba oyibekezelela kanzima kakhulu:

• inkukhu, ingulube nenyama yenkomo;
• imikhiqizo kakolweni;
• imikhiqizo esekelwe imvubelo;
• inhlanzi;
• iqanda elimhlophe;
• imikhiqizo enezithako zesoya.

Kudingekile ukondla isilwane esifuywayo ikakhulukazi ngokudla kwemvelo okungaqukethe izinto zombala kanye nezinto ezilondolozayo, ama-flavorings. Izithasiselo ezinjalo ziphinde ziphazamise amasosha omzimba kanye nezinqubo ze-metabolic. Ukudla okungabangeli ukungezwani komzimba: i-turkey, unogwaja nenyama yewundlu, i-buckwheat, irayisi elinsundu.

Abanikazi bezinja abajwayele ukudla okuthengiswayo kudingeka babuyekeze ngokucophelela ukwakheka kokudla. Namuhla, kunezinhlobo ezikhethekile zokudla ze-hypoallergenic ezithengiswayo ezingenazo izithako zokwenziwa, ezihlanganiswe ne-omega-3 fatty acids, ama-antioxidant compounds nezinye izingxenye ezizuzisayo. Phakathi kwazo kukhona:

• Hills Prescription Diet Canine Allergen-Free;
• Iwundlu le-Akana&Okanagan Apple;
• I-Bosch Sensitive Lamb & Rice.

Usizo ngokushaqeka kwe-anaphylactic ezinjeni

Isimo sokushaqeka kwe-anaphylactic singenzeka ngokuzumayo ngenxa yokusabela okubukhali komzimba wesilwane ekulunyweni kwezinambuzane, ukungenisa noma umjovo wemithi, ukugoma. Ibonakala ngezimpawu ezilandelayo:

• ukuvuvukala kwamafinyila, amehlo, umlomo, ikhala, izindlebe;
• ukuqubuka nokubomvu, ukuvuvukala endaweni yomjovo;
• ukuhlanza reflex;
• isimo esijabulile, esiphenduka sibe umuntu ocindezelwe;
• ukuphazamiseka kwesigqi senhliziyo;
• isimo sokuquleka.

Uma lezi zimpawu zenzeka, isilwane kufanele siyiswe kudokotela wezilwane ngokushesha. Isilwane singafa phakathi nehora elilandelayo!

Okokuqala, uchwepheshe uzoletha umjovo we-intramuscular antihistamine, isibonelo, i-diphenhydramine. Ukugcina umsebenzi wenhliziyo, ukujova kwe-cordiamine noma umjovo we-sulfocamphocaine ngaphansi kwesikhumba kuyadingeka. Ngaphezu kwalokho, udokotela wezilwane uzophatha ingxube kavithamini C kanye ne-glucose ngomthambo, nge-intramuscularly ne-agent immunomodulatory (isibonelo, i-immunofan), futhi ngaphansi kwesikhumba nesidakamizwa se-steroid. Izenzo ezengeziwe zizoncika esimweni senja.

Izinja zizwela kakhulu ezintweni ezingezwani nazo. Ukungenzeki kokuzimisela okuthembekile kwe-antigen ngezindlela zaselabhorethri kwenza isimo sibe nzima nakakhulu. Umnikazi uzodinga ukugcina isineke esikhulu, abonise ukunakekelwa okuphezulu nokunaka ukuze abone i-allergen futhi asindise isilwane ekuhluphekeni.