Amaqiniso ayi-10 athakazelisayo mayelana nama-dinosaurs - imidondoshiya engasekho eyayihlala emhlabeni wethu

Ama-Dinosaurs ayizilwane ezihuquzelayo ezingasekho ezazikhona emhlabeni cishe eminyakeni eyizigidi ezingama-65 edlule. Leli gama lamenyezelwa okokuqala ngo-1842. Washiwo isazi sezinto eziphilayo saseNgilandi okuthiwa uRichard. Wazichaza kanje izinsalela zokuqala zamathambo, ezazihlaba umxhwele ngobukhulu bazo.

Leli gama lihunyushwe lisuselwa esiGrekini ngokuthi “esabekayo futhi esabekayo“. Kuyaphawuleka ukuthi usosayensi wanikeza igama elinjalo ukuze abonise ubukhulu nobukhulu balezi zilwane ezihuquzelayo ezimangalisayo.

Amathambo amakhulu atholakale kusukela ezikhathini zasendulo. Izinsalela zokuqala zatholakala ngo-1796 eNgilandi. Kodwa ngisho namanje, abantu baqhubeka beqhuba izifundo ezihlukahlukene futhi bathola ubufakazi obengeziwe bokuthi izidalwa ezimangalisayo ezinjalo zaziphila emhlabeni wethu eminyakeni eminingi edlule.

Kulesi sihloko, sizobheka amaqiniso ayi-10 athakazelisayo mayelana nama-dinosaurs.

10 Okukhulu kunayo yonke i-seismosaurus

I-Seismosaurus ithathwa njenge-dinosaur enkulu kunazo zonke eyayihlala eMhlabeni.. Phakathi nocwaningo, izimbambo zakhe zatholakala, kanye ne-femur nama-vertebrae amaningana. Incazelo yahlanganiswa okokuqala ngo-1991.

Ingxenye yamathambo e-dinosaur atholwe eNew Mexico. Ekuqaleni, omunye wososayensi walinganisela ubude bawo ngamamitha angu-50 futhi isisindo sawo singamathani angaba ngu-110. Kodwa uma sicabangela ukwakhiwa kabusha kwesimanje, kuba ngamamitha angu-33 kuphela.

Imilenze yangaphambili yayimafishane kancane kunezitho zangemuva. Bamsiza ukubamba umzimba wakhe omkhulu. Umsila wawunomumo ongajwayelekile, wayekwazi ukuwulawula kalula. Intamo ende, ngokokucatshangwa, yayisebenza ukuqinisekisa ukuthi idayinaso yayingakwazi ukungena emahlathini futhi izitholele amahlamvu ayo. Njengoba, ngenxa yobukhulu bayo obukhulu, kwakungenakwenzeka ukuya lapho.

USeisamozar wayehlala emathafeni noma emaxhaphozini. Izingane zazama ukuhlala emihlambini emincane, kodwa abantu abadala babengaba bodwa. Kodwa ngisho namanje, amaqiniso amaningi ahlala ephikisana.

9. Elisinda kakhulu i-titanosaurus

I-dinosaur enzima kakhulu okwamanje ibonwa njenge-titanosaur. Lesi ngesinye sezilwane ezidla uhlaza ezazihlala e-Asia, e-Afrika, naseYurophu ngisho naseNingizimu Melika.

Yafinyelela ubude obungaba ngu-40 m. Bafunda ngaye ngo-1871, lapho bethola i-femur yakhe enkulu. Ososayensi isikhathi eside bebengaqondi ukuthi hlobo luni lwesibankwa esisho ngalo. Kodwa kamuva, kwatholakala amanye ama-vertebrae ambalwa, ngosizo lawo akwazi ukufinyelela esiphethweni sokuthi uhlobo olusha lwe-biological of dinosaur lwalutholwe.

Ngo-1877, omunye wososayensi wanquma ukubiza lolu hlobo lwe-dinosaur - titanosaurus. Kwakuyisilwane esihuquzelayo sokuqala esatholakala kuyo yonke i-Southern Hemisphere. Ukutholakala okunjalo cishe ngokushesha kwenza isimangaliso esikhulu, njengoba ngisho nesayensi yangaphambili yayingazi ngobukhona babo.

8. Okuncane kakhulu yi-compsognathus

I-Compsognathus ithathwa njenge-dinosaur encane kunazo zonke.. Ngokokuqala ngqa, izinsalela zakhe zatholakala endaweni yaseJalimane, kanye naseBavaria. Ihluke kwezinye izitho zenzwa kanye nemilenze esheshayo. Kuyaphawuleka ukuthi wayenamazinyo 68 abukhali, kodwa kancane agobile.

Izinsalela zaqala ukutholakala ngo-1850. Ngobude, zafinyelela kumasentimitha angu-60 kuphela, kodwa abanye abantu abakhulu - 140. Isisindo saso sincane - cishe amakhilogremu angu-2,5.

Ososayensi bathole ukuthi lolu hlobo oluthile lwalunemilenze emibili, kodwa lwalunemilenze yangemuva emide nomsila. Kuyaphawuleka ukuthi ngokuvamile i-compsognathus yawela kumanoveli amaningi adumile namafilimu.

7. Isihlobo esiseduze yingwenya

Ababaningi abantu abazi ukuthi isihlobo esiseduze sama-dinosaurs ingwenya.. Ziphinde zibe seqenjini lezilwane ezihuquzelayo. Baqala ukubonakala ngesikhathi seCretaceous. Njengamanje, okungenani kunezinhlobo ezingu-15 zezingwenya ezaziwayo. Zinomzimba ofana nesibankwa esikhulu, kanye nomlomo oyisicaba. Bangababhukudi abasezingeni eliphezulu futhi bangahamba ngokushesha emhlabathini.

Ungahlangana ezindaweni eziphansi ezishisayo. Manje seziyaziwa nangokuthi zihlasela abantu futhi zibhekwa njengengozi kubantu.

6. Kwakukhona izinhlobo ezingaphezu kuka-1 zama-dinosaurs emhlabeni.

Ososayensi bathole ukuthi kunezinhlobo ezingaphezu kwe-1 zama-dinosaurs ngaphambilini ezazikhona eMhlabeni. Bahlukaniswa ngokucacile ngama-oda we-2 - ama-ornithischians kanye nezibankwa. Zazihlukene futhi ngobukhulu bazo, ubude nesisindo.

Kuye kwasikiselwa ukuthi abantu bokuqala babehlala eduze kwama-dinosaurs. Njengoba kunemidwebo eminingi eyatholwa ngesikhathi kumbiwa. Ochwepheshe baphinde bathola imilobo yezinyawo zama-dinosaurs. Abalingisi babo banikelwe eminyuziyamu.

Ama-Dinosaurs ayekhona eminyakeni engaphezu kwezigidi ezingu-65 edlule. Kungani bafa, akekho ongasho ngokuqinisekile. Abaningi bacabanga ukuthi ngenxa yokuwa kochungechunge lwama-asteroids eMhlabeni, futhi imibono enjalo nayo ibhekwa ukuthi izinguquko ezimila zenzeka, okwaholela ekuqothulweni, isibonelo, izinhlobo ze-dinosaur ezidliwayo.

5. Izinyoni zavela kuma-theropod dinosaurs

Ababaningi abantu abazi ukuthi izinyoni zavela kuma-theropod dinosaurs.. Ngokokuqala ngqa umbono onjalo wafundwa usosayensi uThomas ngekhulu le-19. Eqinisweni, kuze kube yi-70 yekhulu leminyaka elidlule, kwakuyiyona eyinhloko.

Ososayensi baye bafakazela ukuthi inyoni yokuqala yayihlala emngceleni weJurassic neCretaceous. Kungaleso sikhathi lapho lokhu kwaholela abaningi embonweni wokuthi okhokho bezinyoni bancane kakhulu kunalokho okwakucatshangwa ngaphambili. Futhi, ososayensi abaningana bathole ukufana okuningi ekwakhekeni kwezidladla, umsila, nentamo.

4. Amathambo e-Dinosaur ayenziwe iphutha namathambo kadrako eShayina yasendulo

E-China yasendulo, abantu babephutha amathambo e-dinosaur ngamathambo kadrako isikhathi eside kakhulu.. Zisetshenziswa kakhulu yizo kwezokwelapha. Kusetshenziswe amathambo njengempushana ukuqeda ukulimala nobuthakathaka emathanjeni. Baphinde bapheka ama-broths kubo, njengoba bene-calcium eningi.

3. Ubuchopho be-dinosaur buqhathaniswa ne-walnut

Njengamanje, ama-dinosaurs amaningi ayaziwa, ayephawuleka ngobukhulu bawo obungavamile, isisindo kanye nendlela yokuphila. Indlela yokuphila yama-dinosaurs adla uhlaza yayilula kakhulu. Ukuba khona kwazo kuhloswe ngokuphelele ukuzitholela ukudla. Kodwa ngisho nasesithombeni esinjalo sokungenzi lutho, ubuchopho obuthuthukisiwe buyadingeka.

Futhi ukuze kubanjwe ezinye izilwane, kudingeka esethuthuke nakakhulu. Kodwa kuyaphawuleka lokho ngisho noma ubude be-dinosaur babungamamitha angu-9, futhi ukuphakama kwawo kwakungaba ngu-4, khona-ke ubuchopho bunesisindo esingamagremu angu-70 kuphela.. Okusho ukuthi, lobu bukhulu bobuchopho babuncane kakhulu kunobenja evamile. Leso isiphetho ososayensi abafinyelele kuso.

2. Amazinyo e-Tyrannosaurus rex ayengamasentimitha angu-15 ubude

I-Tyrannosaurus Rex yayibhekwa njengenye yezilwane eziyingozi kakhulu. Ngobude, yafinyelela cishe ngamamitha ayi-12, futhi inesisindo esingamathani ayi-8. Bavela eMhlabeni ngesikhathi seCretaceous. Isihloko sisho ukuthi “inkosi yomashiqela wezibankwa”. Kuyaphawuleka ukuthi isibankwa sasinamazinyo amakhulu ayengamasentimitha angu-15 ubude.

1. Izibankwakazi ezidla izitshalo zazidla cishe ithani lezitshalo ngosuku

Kwakukhona izibankwakazi ezimbalwa ezidla uhlaza. Amanye awo ayenesisindo esingamathani angama-50, yingakho kudingeka adle kakhulu. Ososayensi bakutholile lokho izinhlobo ezinjalo kwakudingeka zidle izitshalo ezingaphezu kwethani ngosuku, kanti ezinye ngisho nangaphezulu.

Labo ababebakhulu ngosayizi babedla iziqongo zezihlahla, futhi, ngokwesibonelo, i-diplodocus yayidla amadlelo, idla ama-fern kuphela nemisila yamahhashi.

Sekuyisikhathi eside ososayensi bezama ukuthola ukuthi ukudla kuhamba kanjani epheshaneni lesisu lama-dinosaurs adla uhlaza, bazama ukuhlola inani labo lokudla okunomsoco. Ngenxa yalokho, bafinyelela esiphethweni sokuthi ama-ferns ayengekho ngaphansi kwenani lokudla okunempilo, isibonelo, kuma-angiosperms.

Ngokwezilinganiso eziqinile, isibonelo, idayinaso enesisindo esingamathani angama-30 idinga cishe ama-110 kg amahlamvu ngosuku. Kodwa kuyaphawuleka ukuthi i-carbon dioxide, equkethwe emkhathini, nayo yaba nendima enkulu lapha. Nguye owathonya ukubaluleka komsoco wazo zonke izitshalo.