Kungani kufanele inja idlale?

 Izinja ikakhulukazi zithanda ukudlala, futhi udinga ukudlala nazo, umsebenzi oyinhloko kulokhu ukukhetha imidlalo efanele. Kungani kufanele inja idlale? Ukuze uphendule lo mbuzo, okokuqala udinga ukuthola ukuthi yiziphi imidlalo ezidlalwa yizinja. Kunezinhlobo ezi-2 eziyinhloko zemidlalo: imidlalo nabantu bezizwe kanye nemidlalo nomuntu.

Imidlalo nezinye izinja

Ngikholelwa ukuthi ukudlala nabanye abantu bezizwe kuyadingeka uma umdlwane ukhula, ngoba, njengomuntu, udinga ukujwayelana nabameleli bezinhlobo zakhe, uqonde ukuthi kunezinja ezahlukene, ukuthi i-Russian Borzoi, Bulldog ne-Newfoundland nezinja. Ngokuvamile, umdlwane ubonakala kalula njengezinja zezizwe zakubo ezibukeka ngendlela efanayo neyakhe. Isibonelo, i-Airedale yami yafika kimi ezinyangeni ezingu-2,5, futhi ngemva kwalokho ngabona i-Airedale Terrier yokuqala ezinyangeni ezingu-6. Wambona phakathi kwazo zonke ezinye izinhlobo embukisweni futhi wajabula kakhulu! Okusho ukuthi, uma sikhuluma ngama-terriers, cishe azothola ngokushesha futhi kalula ukuxhumana namanye ama-terriers noma ama-schnauzers afana nawo (nezinja ezinentshebe zefomethi yesikwele). 

 Kodwa, njengoba nje umuntu waseYurophu omncane emangala lapho ebona umJapane noma owokuzalwa e-Afrika, kanjalo nenja engazange ixhumane ne-brachycephals (izinhlobo ezinekhala eliphendukile kanye nomlomo oyisicaba) ebuntwaneni bayobhekana nobunzima ekukhulumeni nabo. ubudala. Ikakhulukazi uma kucatshangelwa imininingwane yalezi zinja: ngenxa yamafinyila ayisicaba ekushiseni noma lapho ejabule kakhulu, ayaququda futhi acwebe. Futhi enye inja ingase inqume ukuthi lokhu kugquma kuwukubhodla. Futhi yini okufanele uyenze uma begxumela kuwe ngokugquma? Yebo, vikela noma uhlasele! Ngokuvamile, abanikazi bezinja ze-brachycephalic bakhononda ngokuthi ezinye izinja zihlasela izilwane ezifuywayo zisuka nje lapho zisondela, nakuba empilweni evamile nakwezinye izinja "abahlaseli" baziphatha ngokuzolile futhi abahlukumezi ngisho nokudlala - ngokuvamile incazelo yalokhu kuziphatha okusebenzayo ilele. ebusweni futhi itholakala eqinisweni lokuthi inja yezinkampani zangaphandle yayingazazi izici zokuxhumana ne-brachycephals. Ngakho-ke, ngingancoma kokubili abanikazi be-brachycephals ukunikeza isilwane sabo ithuba lokuxhumana nezinye izinja ku-puppyhood, futhi abanikazi bezinye izinja ukwethula abangane babo abanemilenze emine ezihlotsheni ezinjalo "ezingavamile". Okufanayo kusebenza kubameleli bezinhlobo ezimnyama noma ezi-shaggy, izinhlobo zomdabu (isibonelo, ama-huskies, ama-basenjis, ama-malamutes) noma abamele "izinhlobo ezigoqiwe": ezimnyama, ezi-shaggy noma "izinja ezigoqiwe" kunzima kakhulu ukufunda ezinye izinja, izinhlobo zomdabu. ngokuvamile abanamawala futhi baqondile ekuvezeni izimo zabo zengqondo nemizwelo. Kodwa ukufunda ukufunda ulimi lomzimba lwalezi zinhlobo nakho kungenzeka. Futhi kulula ukukwenza ngobumnene futhi kancane kancane, ngesikhathi esihle kakhulu salokhu empilweni yenja - isikhathi sokuhlalisana, esiqedwa ezinyangeni ezingu-4-6. 

Imidlalo enezinja nayo iyadingeka ukuze umdlwane ufunde imithetho yokuziphatha kwezihlobo, izivumelwano zokuziphatha: indlela yokubiza umdlalo ngendlela efanele noma ukubalekela ukungqubuzana, ukuthi ukulunywa komdlalo kufanele kube namandla kangakanani, indlela yokuqonda enye inja ( ufuna ukudlala noma uhlose ukuhlasela).

Kwenzeka ukuthi inja eyodwa indizela phezulu ukuze idlale, kanti eyesibili ayikuqondi lokhu futhi igijimela kungxabano. Noma ngokuphambene nalokho - inja igijima ngenjongo ecacile "yokubamba", futhi isisulu esingaba khona siyajabula: "O, kuhle, asidlale!"

Okufanele ngikwenze?

Uma sifuna ukukhulisa inja umhlaba wayo ozosizungeza, futhi sizoba isikhungo se-Universe sesilwane esifuywayo, ngokwemvelo, kufanele sigcine incazelo yegolide. Akudingekile ukuthi ume endaweni eyodwa ubuke ukuthi izinja ziqala zidlala kanjani, bese zimba imigodi ndawonye, ​​​​zixabane, zixoshe abadlula ngendlela, zikhiphe ikhekhe ezandleni zengane - akuyona inketho enhle kakhulu. . Ngincoma ukuthi abafundi bami, ikakhulukazi ngesikhathi sokuhlalisana nokuvuthwa komdlwane (kusukela ezinyangeni ezingu-4 kuya kwezingu-7), bahlangane njalo nezinja ezahlukene, kodwa isipiliyoni kufanele ngaso sonke isikhathi sibe sekhwalithi ephezulu futhi enhle. Lokhu akusho ukuthi konke ukuhamba kuhlanganisa ukuxhumana nemidlalo nabanye abantu bezizwe, ngaphandle kwalokho: sebenzisa imizuzu engu-10 embuthanweni wabathandi bezinja - lokhu kuzonikeza inja ithuba lokudlala nokulahlekelwa umusi. Bese thatha isilwane sakho, thatha uhambo, nisebenze eminye imizuzu engu-20-30, nijabule ndawonye ukuze uchazele inja ukuthi kumnandi nawe futhi: nakuba ungakwazi ukugijima ngokushesha njenge-spaniel yomakhelwane, ungaba kalula. phrezenta ngezwi lakho noma dlala ukudonsa, jabula ngebhola, dlala imidlalo yosesho, dlala imidlalo yobuqili noma yokulalela. Bese ubuyela ezinjeni futhi imizuzu eyi-10. Lesi yisigqi esihle. Okokuqala, sinikeza inja ithuba lokuhlangana nabantu, futhi lokhu kubaluleke kakhulu, ngoba labo ababencishwe ukuxhumana nabanye abantu bezizwe ngesikhathi sokuhlalisana bavame ukubhekana nezinhlobo ezimbili zezinkinga zokuziphatha njengoba bekhula:

1. Ukwesaba ezinye izinja
2. Ulaka olubhekiswe kwezinye izinja (ngaphezu kwalokho, ku-90% yamacala, ukuhlukunyezwa kwenzeka lapho inja yesaba, noma lapho inokuhlangenwe nakho okungalungile kokukhulumisana).

 Okwesibili, inja siyifundisa ukuthi noma idlala umnikazi wayo useduze, ayibuke. Kamuva, lapho umdlwane wethu usezingeni eliphezulu kakhulu lokuqeqeshwa futhi ulungele ukusebenza phambi kwezinja, ngincoma kakhulu ukuza ukugijima ukuze ngisebenze lapho futhi ngivumele inja iphume ukuze idlale futhi njengesikhuthazo. 

Kaningi abantu bavame ukuba “nezinja eziphelelwe”. Ngokwesibonelo, uma isilwane esifuywayo sicekela phansi ifulethi, sizama ukusilayisha ngokoqobo. Kodwa ngesikhathi esifanayo, ngisho noma inja ikhathele ukuhamba, iyaqhubeka nokuthwala indlu. Kungani? Ngoba, okokuqala, ukusebenza kwengqondo nomzimba kuyizinto ezihlukene (ngendlela, bewazi ukuthi imizuzu engu-15 yokusebenza kwengqondo ilingana namahora angu-1,5 wokuqeqeshwa okugcwele ngokomzimba?), Futhi okwesibili, uma inja yethu igijima njalo. ibhola noma induku, i-hormone yokucindezeleka ingena egazini (injabulo evela emdlalweni ojabulisayo ibuye ibe nokucindezeleka, okuhle, kodwa ukucindezeleka) - i-cortisol. Ikhishwa egazini phakathi nesilinganiso samahora angu-72. Futhi uma ngenjabulo sidlala ngenduku noma ngebhola nenja nsuku zonke ihora, asivumeli i-cortisol ukuba iphume - okungukuthi, inja ihlale ijabule ngokweqile, izinga lokucindezeleka liyakhula, inja iba novalo futhi ... khumbula, sathi inja ekhathele ingase iqhubeke "ibulala" indlu? Manje sekucacile ukuthi kungani? 

Ngendlela, ukuphuma njalo kwenja kune-hitch eyodwa - ukukhuthazela nakho kuyaqeqesha! Futhi uma kuleli sonto sidinga ukuphonsa i-wand ihora ukuze inja "iphelelwe amandla", khona-ke ngesonto elizayo sizobe sesivele siphonsa ihora elingu-1 nemizuzu engu-15 - njalonjalo.

 Kuhle ukuthi sikhulisa umsubathi oqinile, kodwa lo msubathi onokukhuthazela okwengeziwe uzoshaya ifulethi. Ngincoma kakhulu ukufundisa izinja ezinjalo ukuba ziphumule ukuze zikwazi ukuphefumula - ngokoqobo nangokomfanekiso. simnika ithuba lokuxhumana nezinja ngobuningi obanele - ngezinyanga ezingu-9 (futhi kaningi ngaphambili) umdlwane uqala ukukhetha umnikazi kunezinye izinja. Ucikwa wukudlala nabantu bezizwe, uyaqonda ukuthi kuyathakazelisa kakhulu futhi kumnandi kakhulu kumnikazi. Singakhuphuka, sibingelele izinja, isilwane sethu sizokwenza imibuthano embalwa, sigijimele kumnikazi, sihlale phansi bese sithi: "Hhayi-ke, manje masenze okuthile!" Kuhle kakhulu! Yilokhu ebesikudinga. Sondla onogwaja ababili ngesanqante esisodwa: asizange sinqande inja yokuxhumana nezihlobo, futhi sathola isilwane esifuywayo esithanda ukudlala nomnikazi kakhulu futhi ngokuqaphela sikhetha ukuxhumana naye. 

 Kukhona oyedwa "kodwa". Abasubathi bavame ukukhawulela ukuxhumana kwezinja ngohlobo lwabo. Lokhu kunengqondo, ngoba uma inja yethu iqonda ukuthi ithola isikhuthazo ezandleni zomnikazi kuphela, futhi ingayazi injabulo yokudlala nezihlobo, ayibheki. Kodwa ngokwami, ngicabanga ukuthi uma sithatha inja, kufanele siyinikeze ithuba lokusebenzisa zonke izinkululeko ezi-5 - lesi yisisekelo, ngaphandle kwalokho ngeke kube khona inkhulumomphendvulwano egcwele inhlonipho nesilwane sethu. Futhi kufanele sinikeze isilwane inkululeko yokwenza uhlobo lokuziphatha okujwayelekile, kulokhu, ithuba lokuxhumana okuhle nezinhlobo zabo. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, uma sikhuluma ngabasubathi, ngokuvamile banezinja eziningana emndenini wabo ngesikhathi esisodwa, ngakho-ke asikwazi ukukhuluma ngokuntula kwangempela komphakathi. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, njengasendaweni yomuntu, ingane ehlala emndenini omkhulu, yiqiniso, ifunda ukuxhumana nabafowabo nodadewabo, kodwa kuhle uma enethuba lokufunda indlela yokuxhumana nezingane ezahlukene: ubuqili, ezinesizotha, eziyisicefe, ezinesibindi, ezinonya, ezithembekile, ezimbi, njll. Lezi zonke izifundo, futhi izifundo ziwusizo kakhulu. Nokho, uma sikhuluma abasubathi, konke kunengqondo. Kulula kakhulu ukuthuthukisa inja ekulaleleni okuphelele kwezemidlalo lapho ingazi ukuthi ungabheka ukuzijabulisa "eceleni." Ngokwemvelo, uma sichazela inja ukuthi ezinye izinja zijabulisa futhi zinelungelo lokudlala nazo, ngakho-ke, cishe, kuzodingeka sisebenze okwengeziwe ekhonweni lokugxila endaweni enezisusa ezinamandla, okungukuthi, lapho ezinye izinja ziyagijima. Kodwa ngicabanga ukuthi umdlalo ulifanele ikhandlela. Ngicabanga ukuthi kuntofontofo kakhulu ukuba nenja ongakwazi ukuhamba nayo lapho ungenawo amandla noma umoya wokuzivocavoca, futhi akudingeki ugijime yonke inja imayela ngenxa yokwesaba ukuthi inja yethu ingase iqale. ukulwa.

Inja imidlalo nabantu

Uma imidlalo enezinja ibalulekile, khona-ke imidlalo yenja nomuntu iyadingeka. Kusemdlalweni lapho sithuthukisa khona ukuthintana nomuntu, isifiso sokuxhumana, ugqozi, ukunakwa, ukushintshashintsha, ukusebenza ngezinqubo zokuvusa kanye nokuvimbela, futhi ngokujwayelekile singakha inqubo yokuqeqeshwa iyonke, kufaka phakathi intuthuko. wawo wonke amakhono adingekayo. Futhi inja kuleli cala ithanda ukudlala, ilinde le midlalo. Uyaqiniseka ukuthi uyadlala, kodwa empeleni usebenza ngokuzikhandla! Ngosizo lwemidlalo, ungalungisa ukuziphatha okuyinkinga, usebenze ezifundeni eziyisisekelo zenja. Uma inja inamahloni, inamahloni, ingenawo isinyathelo, ihlale ilinde amacebo kumnikazi, imidlalo ingamsiza ukuba anqobe amahloni, aphikelele futhi asebenze. Ungadlala ngezindlela ezahlukene. Njengamanje nginenja enokwesaba imisindo ephezulu emsebenzini wami, phakathi kokunye - futhi siyadlala: sifundisa ukuthi ingakwazi ukwenza imisindo esabekayo ngokwayo, futhi le misindo esabekayo iyavuzwa.

Lapho inja yazi okwengeziwe ngesakhiwo somhlaba, lapho iqonda ngokwengeziwe ngakho, yilapho ikwazi ngokwengeziwe ukuyilawula. Futhi lapho silawula umhlaba, siyawuyala, futhi uyayeka ukwesaba.

 Miningi imidlalo esingayidlala thina bantu nezinja. Kusukela eziqondisweni eziyinhloko ngingakhetha:

• imidlalo yokuthuthukisa ugqozi (isifiso sokusebenza nomuntu), 
• imidlalo yokuthuthukisa ukuzithiba (futhi leli yikhono lokuzigcina ezidladleni lapho ubona amadada ogwini noma ikati eligijima, lapho umntwana edla u-ayisikhilimu), 
• imidlalo yokuthuthukisa isinyathelo (yazi ukuthi ungazinikela kanjani, yazi ukuthi ungathukutheli, uma ungaphumeleli, ungayeki futhi uzame kaningi), 
• imidlalo yokubiza ephelele, 
• imidlalo engajwayelekile, 
• imidlalo yamahhala, 
• imidlalo esebenzisanayo yesithukuthezi, 
• sesha imidlalo, 
• imidlalo yokubumba (noma imidlalo yokuqagela), 
• imidlalo yokuthuthukiswa kwesimo somzimba, ibhalansi kanye nokutholwa kwempahla (proprioception umuzwa wesikhundla esihlobene sezingxenye zomzimba kanye nokunyakaza kwazo ezilwaneni nakubantu, ngamanye amazwi, umuzwa womzimba womuntu).

Iqiniso liwukuthi izinja eziningi aziqondi kahle ukuthi umzimba wazo uyini. Ngokwesibonelo, abanye abazi ukuthi banemilenze yangemuva. Bahamba phambili - bese kuba khona into ema ngemuva kwabo. Futhi abaqondi ngempela ukuthi isetshenziswa kanjani - kahle, ngaphandle kokunwaya ngemuva kwendlebe uma i-flea ilumile. Yingakho ngithanda ukwethula imidlalo ezindaweni zokulinganisa ukusuka ku-puppyhood, ukuya emuva, ezinhlangothini, ukusebenza ngemilenze yangemuva, ukuze ngichazele inja ukuthi "uyidrayivu yonke". Kwesinye isikhathi kuba yinhlekisa: Ngafundisa inja yami ukujikijela imilenze yayo yangemuva ezindaweni eziqondile lapho ime ngokusekelwa emilenzeni yayo yangaphambili. Kusukela ngaleso sikhathi, u-Elbrus waqala umkhuba wokugibela imoto hhayi njengezinja ezivamile, kodwa eshiya izidladla zakhe zangaphambili esihlalweni esingemuva, futhi ephonsa imilenze yakhe yangemuva phezulu. Futhi ngakho kuhamba - ikhanda phansi. Lokhu akuphephile, ngakho ngangihlale ngikulungisa, kodwa lokhu kusikisela ukuthi inja ilawula ngokuphelele umzimba wayo. Sizohlanganisa uhlobo ngalunye lwemidlalo nomuntu ngokuningiliziwe ezihlokweni ezilandelayo. Kodwa-ke, unethuba lokuthola izinzuzo zokudlala nezinja ngokwakho ngokuhambela isemina ethi "Games by the Rules".