Kungani izinja zibhuquza ezintweni ezinukayo?

Abanikazi bezinja abaningi bakhungathekile umkhuba wezilwane ezifuywayo wokugingqika ezintweni ezinukayo lapho behamba. Kungani izinja zikhangwa yiphunga elisinyanyisa kangaka?

Izinja zikhangwa indle yabanye abantu, nezinhlanzi ezibolile, ne-carrion, nokunye okuningi okungasibangela okungenani ukucasuka kokunengeka.

Ayikho impendulo eqondile embuzweni wokuthi kungani izinja zithanda ukucwila odaka olunuka kangaka. Nokho, ososayensi babeka phambili imibono eminingana.

Izinja zibhuquza ezintweni ezinukayo ukuze zifihle iphunga lazo ngenkathi zizingela.

Ngempela, izimpisi nazo ziyathanda ukuhlikihla iphunga eboyeni bazo elisigulisayo. Kodwa inguqulo yokuthi benza lokhu ukuze bakhohlise inyamazane futhi bazifihle iyangabazeka.

Ososayensi baseCanada benza ucwaningo. Banikeza amaqembu ezimpisi izinketho ezihlukene zazo zombili iphunga lemvelo nelokwenziwa, futhi bafunda okuthandwa yizilwane ezidla ezinye ezimpunga.

Ngokumangalisayo, indle yezilwane ezingase zibe khona (amahhashi noma izimvu) ayizange izithakazelise nhlobo izimpisi. Kanye nezinhlobo ezahlukene zokudla. Kodwa amaphunga okwenziwa (amafutha emoto, amakha, njll.) afika ekuthandeni kwawo.

Futhi-ke umbuzo uwukuthi: ungafihla kanjani ubukhona bakho ngosizo lwephunga elivele lingekho ezimweni zemvelo? Lokhu okungenani akunangqondo. Futhi izilwane ziyizidalwa ezinengqondo.

Okwesibili okukhanga kakhulu izimpisi kwakuyiphunga lendle yezilwane ezidla ezinye ezinkulu (ama-cougars namabhere), nawo angahambisani nenkolelo-mbono yokuqala.

U-Pat Goodmann, umcwaningi wokuziphatha kwempisi e-Indiana, wathola ukuthi izimpisi zithanda iphunga elimnandi lamanye ama-canids noma ama-felines. Izilwane ezidla ezinye lezi.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, izimpisi azivamile ukuqamekela ukuzingela, ngokuvamile ziphishekela inyamazane, futhi akunandaba ukuthi ziyabonakala yini. Ngakho-ke, inguqulo ye-disguise ayibukeki ihambisana kakhulu.

Izinja zibhuquza ezintweni ezinukayo ukuze zizenze omunye umuntu

Olunye uhlobo lososayensi lumi kanje. Lapho ama-canid ecwila endle yezinye izilwane ezidla ezinye (njengamabhere noma ama-cougars), azenza okuthile okuyingozi kakhulu.

UMax Allen, usosayensi eYunivesithi yaseWisconsin, wafunda izimpungushe ezimpunga. Futhi ngathola ukuthi lezi zilwane zivakashela njalo izindawo ezimakwe ama-cougars ukuze zihlikihle kumamaki. U-Allen uphakamise ukuthi lokhu kusiza izimpungushe zigweme ukuhlangana nezimpungushe. Bathi iphunga le-cougar linikeza impungushe ithuba lokucasha ku-coyote, eyayizohlasela impungushe, kodwa ngeke ikwazi ukuphishekela i-cougar.

Kodwa emva kwakho konke, izimpisi ziphumelele kakhulu futhi ziyizilwane ezinkulu, kungani kufanele zisebenzise iphunga labanye abantu?

Noma mhlawumbe izilwane zigudla iphunga lomunye umuntu ukuze zishiye ezazo?

Inguqulo kaMax Allen ayabelwe omunye usosayensi, uBriton Stephen Harris (University of Bristol). Uyaqiniseka ukuthi inhloso yesilwane akukhona ukuqoqa iphunga labanye abantu, kodwa ukusabalalisa ezabo. Futhi iphunga elingajwayelekile livele likhuthaze izinja ukuthi zihlikihle ezindaweni ezifanayo ukuze zishiye amamaki azo lapho.

Kodwa-ke, izinja, lapho ziginqika ku-"stinkers", azivamile ukukhawulelwa ekushiyeni iphunga lazo. Ziwa ukuze kunuke wonke umzimba! Ngakho le nguqulo nayo ayibukeki ikholisa ngokuphelele. Kunoma yikuphi, ayichazi wonke amacala.

Ukuginqika odaka olunukayo kuyindlela yokudlulisela ulwazi ezihlotsheni

Lena enye inguqulo. Ngokusho kwakhe, izimpisi, ngokwesibonelo, zibhuquza ezintweni ezinukayo ukuze zitshele izihlobo zazo ukuthi kade ziphi. Futhi u-Erich Klinghammer, umsunguli weWolf Park, usikisela ukuthi ukubhuquza ukungcola kuwumyalezo oya kwamanye amalungu ephakethe: “kuningi okumnandi!”

Isibonelo, ososayensi baye baqaphela ukuthi izimpisi, lapho zithole inyamazane enkulu, azigcini nje ngokuyidla, kodwa futhi zihlikihla, zigoqe, njll. Futhi, mhlawumbe, zikwenza kucace kubangane ukuthi lapho bevela khona, kukhona okuthile okuzuzayo. .

Izimpisi nazo ziyanyakaza endaweni efile - emva kwalokho, izihlobo zabo zibakhombisa izimpawu zokuzinaka.

Izimpisi zase-Ethiopia nazo zithanda ukuzigingqa phansi ngemva kokudla. Nokho, abakwenqabi ukusebenzisa indle yabantu “njengemimoya”.

Iphunga elinamandla - into efana "neyunifomu"

Kukhona enye inguqulo.

Ucwaningo lwezimpisi zaseCanada lubonise ukuthi lapho iphakethe lithola indawo enephunga elinamandla, umholi uhamba kuqala, bese abanye belandela. Njengokungathi umholi unquma ukuthi wonke amalungu ephakethe azonuka kanjani.

Ukuziphatha okufanayo akubonwa kuphela ezimpisini, kodwa futhi kuma-coyotes, kanye nezimpungushe.

Izinja zasendle ezinsikazi zigingqa phansi lapho izimpawu zabesilisa zisala khona uma zifuna ukuzihlanganisa nazo.

Futhi ngezinye izikhathi izinja zikhuhlana zodwa.

Yiziphi ezinye izinguqulo ezikhona?

Futhi lokhu akuwona wonke ama-hypotheses!

Udokotela wezilwane oziphatha kahle uStanley Koren ukholelwa ukuthi izinja zizama ukugqama ngokuziphatha okunjalo. Njengabantu abagqoke izingubo ezikhanyayo.

UMuriel Brasseur, umkhulumeli we-Animal Behavior Research Center e-Oxford, ukholelwa ukuthi ukucwila odongeni kwenza izinja zibe ne-dopamine esheshayo, “ihomoni yokwaneliseka.” Ngakho-ke akukona nje kuphela ukunanela kokuziphatha kokusinda, kodwa futhi ... kumnandi nje!

Kodwa-ke, abanikazi bezinja kulokhu akulula. Kodwa, njengoba siye sazithanda izinja, kumelwe siqhubeke sizithanda ngisho zingcolile. Futhi uyanuka. Geza uthande. Sinjalo isiphetho somnikazi wezinja.