Izibani ze-UV - konke mayelana nezimfudu kanye nezimfudu

Ulwazi olufushane olujwayelekile mayelana nezibani ze-ultraviolet

Isibani se-reptile ultraviolet yisibani esikhethekile esivumela ukumuncwa kwe-calcium emzimbeni wezimfudu, futhi siphinde sikhuthaze umsebenzi wabo. Ungathenga isibani esinjalo esitolo sezilwane noma u-ode ngeposi nge-inthanethi. Izindleko zezibani ze-ultraviolet zivela kuma-ruble angu-800 nangaphezulu (ngokwesilinganiso sama-ruble angu-1500-2500). Lesi sibani siyadingeka ukuze kugcinwe kahle i-turtle ekhaya, ngaphandle kwalo i-turtle izobe ingasebenzi kancane, idle kakhulu, igule, izoba nokuthambisa nokugoba kwegobolondo kanye nokuphuka kwamathambo e-paw.

Kuwo wonke amalambu e-UV asemakethe njengamanje, angcono kakhulu futhi athengeka kakhulu amalambu e-UVB e-Arcadia angu-10-14%. Kungcono ukusebenzisa izibani zokukhanyisa, khona-ke zisebenza kahle kakhulu. Amalambu ane-2-5% UVB (2.0, 5.0) akhiqiza i-UV encane futhi cishe ayinamsebenzi.

Isibani kufanele sikhanyise cishe amahora angu-12 ngosuku kusukela ekuseni kuze kube kusihlwa futhi ngesikhathi esifanayo nesibani sokushisa. Ezimfudumeni zasemanzini, isibani se-UV sitholakala ngaphezu kosebe, kanti ezimfudumeni zomhlaba, ngokuvamile sihambisana nobude bonke be-terrarium (ithubhu). Ukuphakama okulinganiselwe kuya phansi kwe-terrarium yi-20-25 cm. Kuyadingeka ukushintsha isibani esisha cishe isikhathi esingu-1 ngonyaka.

Yini isibani se-Ultra Violet (UV)?

Isibani se-UV esihuquzelayo yisibani esikhipha umfutho ophansi noma ophezulu esiklanyelwe ngokukhethekile ukukhanyisa izilwane endaweni ezungezile, ekhiqiza imisebe ye-ultraviolet ebangeni le-UVA (UVA) kanye ne-UVB (UVB) eliseduze nokukhanya kwelanga kwemvelo. Imisebe ye-Ultraviolet ezibanini ze-ultraviolet ivela ku-mercury vapor ngaphakathi kwesibani, lapho kukhishwa khona igesi. Le misebe ikuzo zonke izibani zokukhipha i-mercury, kodwa kuphela ezibanini "ze-ultraviolet" ziphuma ngenxa yokusetshenziswa kwengilazi ye-quartz. Iwindi lengilazi le-polycarbonate licishe livimbe ngokuphelele i-ultraviolet B spectrum, i-plexiglass - ngokuphelele noma ingxenye (kuye ngokuthi izithasiselo), ipulasitiki esobala (i-polypropylene) - ingxenye (ingxenye yesine ilahlekile), i-ventilation mesh - ingxenye, ngakho isibani se-ultraviolet kufanele silenga ngqo ngaphezu ufudu. I-reflector isetshenziselwa ukukhulisa imisebe yesibani se-UV. I-Spectrum B ultraviolet ikhiqiza uvithamini D3 (cholecalciferol) ezilwaneni ezihuquzelayo ebangeni elingama-290-320 nm ngenani eliphakeme lama-297.

Siyini isibani se-UV?

Amalambu e-UVB asiza ukumunca i-calcium etholwa izimfudu noma ngaphezu kwalokho ekudleni. Kuyadingeka ekuqinisweni nasekukhuleni kwamathambo namagobolondo, ngaphandle kwawo ama-rickets akhula kuma-turtles: amathambo namagobolondo athambile futhi athambile, yingakho izimfudu zivame ukuphuka imilenze, kanti igobolondo libuye ligobe kakhulu. I-calcium kanye nokukhanya kwe-ultraviolet kuyadingeka ikakhulukazi ezikhunjini ezincane nezikhulelwe. Emvelweni, izimfudu ezidla uhlaza cishe aziyitholi i-vitamin D3 ekudleni, futhi kuyadingeka ukuze kufakwe i-calcium (ushoki, i-limestone, amathambo amancane), ngakho-ke kukhiqizwa emzimbeni wezimfudu ze-herbivorous ngenxa yemisebe yelanga, okunikeza i-ultraviolet ye-spectra ehlukene. Ukunikeza izimfudu i-vitamin D3 njengengxenye yokugqoka okuphezulu akusizi - ayimuncwa. Kodwa izimfudu zasemanzini ezidla ezinye zinevithamini D3 ngaphakathi kwezilwane ezidlayo, ngakho-ke zingakwazi ukumunca i-vitamin D3 ekudleni ngaphandle kokukhanya kwe-ultraviolet, kodwa ukusetshenziswa kwayo kusafiseleka kubo. I-Ultraviolet A, etholakala nakumalambu e-UV ezilwane ezihuquzelayo, isiza izilwane ezihuquzelayo ukuthi zibone ukudla kanye nezinye kangcono, inomthelela omkhulu ekuziphatheni. Kodwa-ke, izibani zensimbi kuphela ze-halide ezingakhipha i-UVA ngamandla aseduze nokukhanya kwelanga kwemvelo.

Kungenzeka yini ukwenza ngaphandle kwesibani se-UV? Ukungabikho kwesibani se-UV kuthinta impilo yesilwane esihuquzelayo emasontweni ama-2 ngemva kokuphela kokukhipha imisebe, ikakhulukazi ezimfuduni ezidla uhlaza. Izimfudu ezidla inyama, lapho zondliwe ngokugcwele ngezinto ezihlukahlukene ezizingelayo, umphumela wokungabikho kwe-ultraviolet awumkhulu kangako, noma kunjalo, sincoma ukusebenzisa izibani ze-ultraviolet kuzo zonke izinhlobo zezimfudu.

Ungasithenga kuphi isibani se-UV? Izibani ze-UV zithengiswa ezitolo ezinkulu zezilwane ezinomnyango we-terrarium, noma ezitolo ezikhethekile zezilwane ze-terrarium. Futhi, izibani zinga-odwa ezitolo zezilwane eziku-inthanethi emadolobheni amakhulu ngokudiliva.

Ingabe amalambu e-ultraviolet ayingozi ezilwaneni ezihuquzelayo? I-ultraviolet ekhishwa amalambu akhethekile ezilwane ezihuquzelayo iphephile kubantu kanye nabahlali bazo be-terrarium *, inqobo nje uma ukufakwa nokusetshenziswa kwezibani ezinqunywe abakhiqizi kuyabonwa. Ulwazi olwengeziwe ngemithetho yokufaka izibani lungatholakala kulesi sihloko nasethebula elinamathiselwe.

Isibani se-UV kufanele sivutha isikhathi esingakanani? Isibani se-ultraviolet sezilwane ezihuquzelayo kufanele sivulwe wonke amahora okukhanya kwasemini (amahora ayi-10-12). Ebusuku, isibani kufanele sicishwe. Emvelweni, izinhlobo eziningi zama-turtles zisebenza ekuseni nakusihlwa, ngenkathi zifihla futhi ziphumule phakathi nosuku nasebusuku, lapho amandla e-ultraviolet emvelo engekho phezulu kakhulu. Kodwa-ke, izibani eziningi ze-UV ezihuquzelayo zibuthakathaka kakhulu kunelanga, ngakho-ke ngokugijima usuku lonke kuphela lapho izibani ezinjalo zinganikeza izimfudu isifundo ezizidingayo. Uma usebenzisa amalambu e-UV aqine kakhulu (angu-14% e-UVB ane-reflector noma ngaphezulu), kuyadingeka ukuthi izimfudu zibe nethuba lokungena emthunzini, noma zinciphise isikhathi lapho ufudu luhlala ngaphansi kwesibani se-UV ngokusebenzisa isibali sikhathi, kuye ngokuthi uhlobo lofudu kanye nendawo yalo.

Kufanele ibekwe endaweni engakanani ubude ukusuka kufudu? Ukuphakama kwesibani ngaphezu komhlabathi endaweni ye-terrarium noma ogwini lwe-aquarium kusuka ku-20 kuya ku-40-50 cm, kuye ngamandla esibani namaphesenti e-UVB kuwo. Bheka ithebula lesibani ukuze uthole imininingwane.

Indlela yokwandisa ukuqina kwesibani se-UV? Ukwandisa ukuqina kwesibani se-UV esikhona, ungasebenzisa i-reflector (ethengiwe noma eyenziwe ekhaya), engakhulisa imisebe yesibani kuze kufike ku-100%. I-reflector ngokuvamile iyisakhiwo esigobile esenziwe ngesibuko se-aluminium esibonisa ukukhanya okuvela esibani. Futhi, amanye ama-terrariumists ehlisa izibani, njengoba ukuphakama kwesibani, ukukhanya kwaso kuhlakazeka.

Ungasifaka kanjani isibani se-UV? Amalambu e-UV ahlangene afakwa esisekelweni se-E27, kanye namalambu amashubhu ku-T8 noma (akuvamile) T5. Uma uthenge i-glass terrarium eyenziwe ngomumo noma i-aquaterrarium, ngokuvamile isivele inezibani zesibani sokushisa nesibani se-UV. Ukuze unqume ukuthi iyiphi i-T8 noma i-T5 UV isibani esikulungele, udinga ukukala ubude besibani. Izibani ezidume kakhulu ziyi-15 W (45 cm), 18 W (60 cm), 30 W (90 cm).

Kunoma yiziphi izibani ze-terrarium, kunconywa ukusebenzisa izibani ezikhethekile ze-terrarium, ezinomsebenzi omude wenkonzo, zenzelwe amandla aphakeme wesibani ngenxa yama-cartridges e-ceramic, angase abe nezibonisi ezakhelwe ngaphakathi, izikhwebu ezikhethekile ezisetshenziswa ku-terrarium, zingase zibe nomswakama. ukwahlukanisa, ukuvikela ukuchaphaza, kuphephile ezilwaneni . Kodwa-ke, iningi lisebenzisa izibani zasendlini ezishibhile (ama-compact kanye nezibani zokushisa, izibani zetafula ephini lezingubo, kanye nezibani ze-T8, umthunzi wesibani we-fluorescent esitolo sezilwane ezifuywayo noma emakethe yokwakha). Ngaphezu kwalokho, lolu phahla lunamathiselwe ngaphakathi kwe-aquarium noma i-terrarium.

I-T5 ultraviolet isibani, izibani zensimbi ze-halide zixhunywe ngesiqalisi esikhethekile!

Ukuze usebenzise imisebe ye-ultraviolet yezibani ngendlela enengqondo futhi ephumelelayo, izibani ezihlangene ze-fluorescent ezine-arcuate tube kufanele zifakwe zivundlile, futhi izibani ezifanayo ezineshubhu elivunguzayo kufanele zifakwe zibheke phezulu noma ngokuthambekela okungaba ngu-45 °. Ngenhloso efanayo, izibonisi ezikhethekile ze-aluminium kufanele zifakwe kumalambu e-fluorescent (amashubhu) T8 kanye ne-T5. Uma kungenjalo, ingxenye ebalulekile yemisebe yesibani izomoshakala. Amalambu akhipha umfutho ophezulu ngokwesiko amiswa abheke phezulu futhi awadingi isibonisi esengeziwe njengoba sakhelwe ngaphakathi.

Izibani ze-UV - konke mayelana nezimfudu kanye nezimfudu

Ukusetshenziswa kwamandla kwamalambu e-T8 aqondile kuhlobene nobude bawo. Okufanayo kusebenza kumalambu e-T5 aqondile, umehluko wokuthi phakathi kwawo kukhona amapheya ezibani zobude obufanayo nokusetshenziswa kwamandla okuhlukile. Lapho ukhetha isibani se-terrarium ngobude, kubalulekile ukunaka amakhono we-ballast (ballast). Lezi zinsimbi zenzelwe ukusebenza nezibani ezinokusetshenziswa okuthile kwamandla, okumele kuboniswe ekumaka. Amanye ama-ballast e-electronic angasebenzisa izibani phezu kwebanga lamandla abanzi, njenge-15W kuya ku-40W. Ku-luminaire yekhabhinethi, ubude besibani bunquma njalo ibanga phakathi kwamasokhethi aqinile, ukuze i-ballast efakwe kukhithi ye-luminaire isivele ihambisane namandla ezibani. Enye into ukuthi uma i-terrariumist inquma ukusebenzisa isilawuli esine-armature yamahhala, njenge-Arcadia Controller, i-Exo Terra Light Unit, i-Hagen Glo Light Controller, njll. Ekuboneni kuqala, kungase kubonakale sengathi lawa madivayisi awanqunyelwe ubude be isibani esisetshenzisiwe. Eqinisweni, idivayisi ngayinye enjalo inegiya lokulawula izibani ezinokusetshenziswa kwamandla okuchazwe ngokuqinile, ngakho-ke ubude obuthile.

Isibani se-UV siphukile. Okufanele ngikwenze? Susa futhi ugeze yonke into ehlanzekile kakhulu ku-terrarium nakwezinye izindawo lapho izingcezwana kanye nempushana emhlophe evela esibani ingathola khona, faka umoya ekamelweni kakhulu, kodwa hhayi ngaphansi kwehora elingu-1. Impushana ezingilazini iyiphosphor futhi ayinabo ubuthi, kukhona umhwamuko omncane kakhulu wemercury kulawa malambu.

Ingakanani impilo yesibani se-UV? Kukangaki ukuyishintsha? Abakhiqizi bavame ukubhala emaphaketheni ezibani ze-UV ukuthi impilo yesibani ingunyaka ongu-1, noma kunjalo, yizimo zokusebenza, kanye nezidingo zohlobo oluthile lwe-turtle emisebeni ye-ultraviolet, enquma impilo yesevisi. Kodwa njengoba abanikazi abaningi bofudu bengenalo ikhono lokulinganisa izibani zabo ze-UV, sincoma ukuthi uguqule izibani kanye ngonyaka. Njengamanje umkhiqizi ongcono kakhulu wezibani ze-UV zezilwane ezihuquzelayo yi-Arcadia, izibani zazo zingasetshenziswa cishe iminyaka engu-1. Kodwa asikhuthazi ukusebenzisa izibani ezivela ku-Aliexpress nhlobo, njengoba zingase zingakhiphi i-ultraviolet nhlobo.

Ngemva konyaka, isibani siyaqhubeka sivutha njengoba sivutha, kodwa lapho sisetshenziswa amahora angu-10-12 ngosuku ekuphakameni okufanayo, amandla aso emisebe ayancipha cishe izikhathi ezingu-2. Ngesikhathi sokusebenza, ukwakheka kwe-phosphor okugcwaliswa ngayo izibani kuyasha, futhi i-spectrum ishintsha ibe ubude obude. Okunciphisa kakhulu ukusebenza kwawo. Lezi zibani zingehliswa noma zisetshenziswe ngaphezu kwesibani esisha se-UV, noma ezihuquzelayo ezidinga ukukhanya kwe-UV okunamandla kancane, njenge-geckos.

Yiziphi izibani ze-ultraviolet?

Uhlobo: 1. Amalambu e-fluorescent e-Linear T5 (okungaba ngu-16 mm) kanye ne-T8 (okungaba ngu-26 mm, intshi). 2. Amalambu e-fluorescent ahlangene anesisekelo se-E27, G23 (TC-S) kanye ne-2G11 (TC-L). 3. Izibani ze-halide zensimbi ezicindezelayo eziphezulu. 4. Izibani zokukhipha i-mercury ezinengcindezi ephezulu (ngaphandle kwezithasiselo): ingilazi ecacile, ingilazi eyisithwathwa, ingilazi eneqhwa, kanye nengilazi embossed ekhanyayo.
Amandla nobude: Ku-T8 (Ø‎ approx. 26 mm, isisekelo G13): 10 W (30 cm ubude), 14 W (38 cm), 15 W (45 cm), 18 W (60 cm), 25 W (75 cm) , 30W (90cm), 36W (120cm), 38W (105cm). Izibani ezivame kakhulu nemibala edayiswayo yilezi: 15 W (45 cm), 18 W (60 cm), 30 W (90 cm). Ngosayizi wezibani ezingathandeki, kungase kube nzima ukuthola izinto ezifanele. Amalambu anobude obungu-60 no-120 cm ngaphambilini ayebhalwe ukuthi 20 W kanye no-40 W, ngokulandelana. Amalambu aseMelika: 17 W (approx. 60 cm), 32 W (approx. 120 cm), njll. Ku-T5 (Ø‎ approx. 16 mm, isisekelo G5): 8 W (approx. 29 cm), 14 W (approx. . 55 cm), 21 W (approx. 85 cm), 28 W (approx. 115 cm), 24 W (cishe. 55 cm), 39 W (approx. 85 cm), 54 W (approx. 115 cm). Kukhona futhi izibani American 15 W (approx. 30 cm), 24 W (approx. 60 cm), njll Compact Fluorescent izibani E27 ayatholakala ezinguqulweni ezilandelayo: 13W, 15W, 20W, 23W, 26W. Amalambu e-compact fluorescent TC-L (2G11 base) atholakala ezinguqulweni ezingu-24 W (approx. 36 cm) kanye no-55 W (approx. 57 cm). Amalambu e-fluorescent ahlangene i-TC-S (isisekelo se-G23) atholakala enguqulweni engu-11 W (isibani esilinganiselwa ku-20 cm). Izibani ze-Reptile metal halide zitholakala ku-35W (mini), 35W, 50W, 70W (indawo), 70W (isikhukhula), 100W, kanye no-150W (izikhukhula). Amalambu "akhukhula" ahluke ku-"spot" (ejwayelekile) isibani sanda ngobubanzi. Izibani ze-mercury ezinengcindezi ephezulu (ngaphandle kwezithasiselo) zezilwane ezihuquzelayo zitholakala kulezi zinguqulo ezilandelayo: 70W, 80W, 100W, 125W, 160W kanye no-300W.
Ku-spectrum: 2% kuya ku-14% UVB. Kulezi zimfudu, kusetshenziswa amalambu asuka ku-5% UVB kuya ku-14%. Ngokukhetha isibani esine-UV 10-14 uqinisekisa impilo ende. Ungakwazi ukulengisa kuqala phezulu, bese wehlisa. Kodwa-ke, u-10% we-UVB wesibani se-T5 ukhiqiza umfutho owengeziwe kunelambu le-T8, futhi iphesenti elifanayo le-UVB lingahluka kumalambu angu-2 avela kubakhiqizi abahlukene.
Ngezindleko: Ezimweni eziningi, ezibiza kakhulu izibani ze-T5 nama-compact, futhi izibani ze-T8 zishibhile kakhulu. Izibani ezivela e-China zishibhile, kodwa zimbi kakhulu ngekhwalithi kunamalambu avela eYurophu (Arcadia) nase-USA (Zoomed).

Lapho ubeka khona izibani ze-UV ezisetshenzisiwe? Izibani zeMercury akufanele ziphonswe kudoti! I-Mercury ingeyezinto ezinobuthi zesigaba sokuqala esiyingozi. Nakuba ukuhogela kwe-mercury vapor kungabulali ngaso leso sikhathi, akukhiphi emzimbeni. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukuchayeka ku-mercury emzimbeni kunomphumela okhulayo. Uma uhogela, umhwamuko we-mercury ukhangiswa ebuchosheni nasezinso; ubuthi obunzima bubangela ukucekelwa phansi kwamaphaphu. Izimpawu zokuqala ze-mercury poisoning azicacisiwe. Ngakho-ke, izisulu azibahlanganisi nesizathu sangempela sokugula kwabo, baqhubeke behlala futhi basebenze endaweni enoshevu. I-Mercury iyingozi ikakhulukazi kowesifazane okhulelwe nombungu wakhe, njengoba le nsimbi ivimba ukwakheka kwamangqamuzana ezinzwa ebuchosheni futhi ingane ingazalwa ikhubazekile ngokwengqondo. Lapho isibani esine-mercury sinqamuka, umhwamuko we-mercury ungcolisa amamitha angaba ngu-30 nxazonke. I-Mercury ingena ezitshalweni nasezilwaneni, okusho ukuthi zizotheleleka. Lapho sidla izitshalo nezilwane, i-mercury ingena emzimbeni wethu. ==> Amaphuzu okuqoqwa kwezibani

Yini okufanele ngiyenze uma isibani silokoza? Ukucwayiza okuncane kwenzeka emaphethelweni (ekugcineni) kwesibani seshubhu, okungukuthi lapho ama-electrode ekhona. Lesi simo sijwayelekile. Kungase futhi kube nokucwayiza lapho uqala isibani esisha, ikakhulukazi emazingeni okushisa omoya aphansi. Ngemuva kokushisa, ukukhishwa kuzinza futhi i-flicker engapheli iyanyamalala. Kodwa-ke, uma isibani singagcini nje ukucwayiza, kodwa singaqali, bese siyakhanya, bese siphuma futhi futhi lokhu kuqhubeka imizuzwana engaphezu kwengu-3, khona-ke isibani noma isibani (isiqalisi) cishe sinephutha.

Yiziphi izibani ezingafanele izimfudu?

izibani eziluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka zokushisa, ukwelashwa;
izibani ze-ultraviolet zemali;
izibani ze-quartz;
noma yiziphi izibani zezokwelapha;
izibani zezinhlanzi, izitshalo;
izibani zezilwane ezihlala emanzini, ezine-spectrum engaphansi kuka-5% UVB;
amalambu lapho iphesenti le-UVB lingacacisiwe, okungukuthi amalambu avamile e-fluorescent, njenge-Cameleon;
izibani zokumisa izinzipho.

Ulwazi olubalulekile!

Qaphela lapho uyala eMelika! Izibani zingakhelwa i-110 V, hhayi i-220 V. Kumele zixhunywe ngokusebenzisa i-voltage converter kusuka ku-220 kuya ku-110 V.
Izibani ezihlangene ze-E27 zivame ukuvutha ngenxa yokwanda kwamandla. Ayikho inkinga enjalo ngamalambu amashubhu.

Izimfudu zilungele izibani ze-UV ezilandelayo:

Izimfudu zilungele izibani ezinama-UVA angaba ngu-30% kanye no-10-14% we-UVB ku-spectrum yazo. Lokhu kufanele kubhalwe emaphaketheni esibani. Uma kungabhaliwe, ngakho-ke kungcono ukuthi ungathengi isibani esinjalo noma ukucacisa ngakho esithangamini (ngaphambi kokuthenga). Okwamanje, izibani ze-T5 ezivela ku-Arcadia, JBL, ZooMed zibhekwa njengezibani ezinhle kakhulu zezilwane ezihuquzelayo, kodwa zidinga ama-shades akhethekile aneziqalisi.

Izimfudu ezinamadlebe abomvu, zase-Asia Emaphakathi, eMarsh, naseMedithera zikuFergusson Zone 3. Ukuze uthole ezinye izinhlobo zofudu, bheka amakhasi ezinhlobo.