Amathiphu Wabafundisi: Ukufundisa Umgibeli Ukukhanyisela Kudayagonali Engakwesokudla

Wazi kanjani uma umgibeli ekulungele ukufunda indlela yokukhanyisa ngaphansi kwe-diagonal elungile?

Ngaphambi kokuthi ngiqale ukufundisa umgibeli ukuthi asho kanjani ukuthi uyakhanya ku-diagonal elungile noma cha, kufanele ngiqinisekise ukuthi unamakhono athile ayisisekelo.

Okokuqala, umgibeli kufanele akwazi ukuphakamisa ihhashi libe yi-trot futhi ngokushesha aqale ukukhululeka ngesigqi esidingekayo.

Umgibeli kufanele aqonde ukuthi sisho ukuthini uma sithi “ngaphakathi” noma “ngaphandle”. Uma siqala ukukhuluma ngama-diagonal, sizocela umgibeli ukuthi abuke umlenze wangaphambili wehhashi. Kubalulekile ukuthi azi ukuthi ukuphi lo mlenze. Kuzwakala kulula kakhulu, kodwa kungase kudide, ikakhulukazi ezinganeni. Uma umgibeli engenakho ukuqonda okucacile kokuthi "ngaphakathi nangaphandle", ngiyakwazi ukubopha amaribhoni anemibala ezandleni zakhe, bese ngimtshela izinguquko zesiqondiso kuye. Njalo lapho umgibeli eshintsha indlela, kufanele asho umbala weribhoni oba ngaphandle. Izingane zithanda le ndlela kakhulu, futhi kubonakala kimi ukuthi ngale ndlela zifunda ukuqonda ingaphakathi nangaphandle ngokushesha futhi kalula.

Okokugcina, kufanele uqiniseke ukuthi umgibeli angakwazi ukwenza ushintsho olushelelezi lwendlela ku-trot (kufanele akwazi ukushintsha indlela ngaphandle kokuvumela ihhashi ukuthi lehlise ijubane). Uma sihlola ama-diagonals, umgibeli kufanele ashintshe indlela futhi asekele ihhashi ku-trot enhle ngaphandle kokulahlekelwa isigqi sokukhululeka. Uma ihhashi liye lahamba futhi umfundi waliletha ku-trot ngokukhululeka ngephutha ku-diagonal elungile, ngeke sikwazi ukumfundisa ukushintsha i-diagonal uma engagibelenga ngomlenze olungile.

Kusho ukuthini ukukhanyisa ngaphansi kwe-diagonal efanele?

Uma singena ku-diagonal efanele, lokho kusho ukuthi siyasukuma njengoba ihhashi liya phambili nomlenze walo ongaphandle wangaphambili. Ngamanye amazwi, sisukuma lapho ihhashi ligijima lapho ihhashi likhuphuka futhi lisenza "sigxume".

Umlenze wangemuva wangaphakathi uyipheya ediagonal yomlenze wangaphambili ongaphandle. Umlenze wangemuva wangaphakathi umlenze odala wonke amandla ku-trot. Uma umlenze wangaphakathi wehhashi ushaya phansi, ihhashi liyalingana futhi yilapho sifuna ukuba phansi ehhashini. Lokhu kuyomsiza ukuba alinganisele futhi, kamuva, kusisize.

Ngamanye amazwi, uma singena ku-diagonal efanele, sisebenzisa umfutho wehhashi ukuze sisize ukuziphakamisa siphume esihlalweni, kunokuzama ukuhlala phansi njengoba iqolo lehhashi likhuphuka. Uma usukwazi ukwenza lokhu, ukungena ku-diagonal efanele kuzokwenza i-trot ikhululeke kakhulu kokubili ihhashi nomgibeli. Ukusiza ngaphansi kwe-diagonal elungile kuyikhono eliyisisekelo elingeke liqashelwe amajaji emqhudelwaneni.

Indlela yokuhlola i-diagonal?

Uma sesibonile ukuthi umgibeli angakwazi ukukhululeka ngesigqi esihle ngokushintsha indlela eya ku-trot futhi angabona "ngaphakathi nangaphandle", singasebenza kuma-diagonal.

Ohambweni (nakuba umzimba wehhashi uhamba ngendlela ehlukile kune-trot) ngifuna abafundi bami babone ihlombe elingaphandle/umlenze wehhashi. Kulula ngathi ukubona ukuphakama kwehlombe kunomlenze ngokwawo lapho ihhashi lithatha isinyathelo.

Ngifuna umgibeli ashintshe indlela lapho ehamba, angitshele njalo uma ebona ihhashi liphakamisa ihlombe langaphandle. Ngidinga ukwenza isiqiniseko sokuthi umgibeli wenza lokhu ngesikhathi futhi ukhumbula ukubheka kwelinye ihlombe lapho eshintsha indlela. Ngiyamcela ukuthi angakhathazeki, ngoba lapho egijima, ukunyakaza kwehlombe lehhashi kuzobonakala kakhulu. Njengakho konke okunye, kancane kancane ngisebenza kuma-diagonals!

Ngibe sengicela umfundi ukuthi alethe ihhashi ku-trot futhi aqale ukuzikhulula ngendlela ajwayele ukwenza ngayo. Ngibe sengimtshela uma edabula ku-diagonal efanele. Uma ekhulula ngendlela efanele, ngitshela umfundi ukuthi ube nenhlanhla ekuzameni kokuqala! Ngibe sengimcela ukuthi abuke ukuphakama kwehlombe langaphandle lehhashi ukuze ajwayele ukuthi kufanele libukeke kanjani. Ngaso sonke lesi sikhathi ngikhumbuza umfundi ukuthi ukubheka phansi akusho ukuthi kufanele ancike phambili. Sivame ukuncika lapho amehlo ethu ebheke khona - gcina lokhu engqondweni uma umfundi wakho eqala ukuncika lapho ehlola i-diagonal.

Uma umgibeli engena ku-diagonal efanele ngesikhathi sokuqala, ngemva kokubheka ihlombe elingaphandle (ukubona ukuthi kufanele libukeke kanjani), angaphinde abheke ihlombe elingaphakathi ukuze abone ukuthi isimo "esingalungile" sibukeka kanjani. Kwabanye abagibeli, lokhu kusiza kakhulu, kodwa kwabanye kungase kubangele amahloni kakhulu. Njengomqeqeshi, uzodinga ukunquma ukuthi yiziphi izindlela ongazisebenzisa kumgibeli ngamunye.

Kuthiwani uma umgibeli elula ngaphansi kwe-diagonal engalungile, ukuthi ungayishintsha kanjani ibe efanele?

Okokuqala udinga ukunquma ukuthi i-diagonal ilungile noma cha. Ungazami ukufundisa umgibeli ukushintsha ama-diagonal kuze kube yilapho ebona ukuthi ukhanyisa ngendlela efanele noma cha. Ngithole ukuthi ukunikeza ulwazi oluningi ngesikhathi esisodwa kungamdida kakhulu umfundi.

Uma umfundi wakho eku-diagonal engalungile, ukuze ayishintshe, uzodinga ukuthi ahlale esihlalweni amabhithi amabili e-trot, bese eqala ukukhululeka futhi. Ngamanye amazwi, esikhundleni sokuqhubeka nokukhuphuka, phansi, phezulu, phansi (isigqi esivamile sokukhululeka), uzodinga "ukwenza" phezulu, phansi, phansi, phezulu, futhi aphinde akhululeke futhi. Kuzothatha isikhathi nokuzijwayeza, kodwa njengawo wonke amakhono okugibela, ngolunye usuku kuzoba umkhuba. Abagibeli abanolwazi bahlola ama-diagonal ngaphandle kokubheka phansi.

Ngithole isici esisodwa. Uma ufundisa abagibeli beqembu, kuzosiza ukuthi bashintshane ngokubuka bodwa bese besho ukuthi abanye abagibeli bakhanyisa kahle yini. Ukubuka umuntu ekhanya futhi eshintsha i-diagonal kungasiza umfundi ukuthi aqonde umqondo. Ikakhulukazi uma umfundi ebonakala (kulula ukufunda uma ebona "isithombe").

Ungawuguqula ube umdlalo lapho ukhetha khona umfundi umthumele ukuthi atrot bese omunye umfundi anqume ukuthi owokuqala ukhanyiswe emlenzeni wesokudla noma cha. Bese ukhetha omunye umfundi ukuze ubone ukuthi i-diagonal ilungile noma ayilungile. Ngale ndlela, bonke abagibeli bakho bayafunda, ngisho noma kungesona isikhathi sabo sokuhamba kancane.

Uma abafundi sebekwazi kahle ukuhamba nge-diagonals, ungadlala omunye umdlalo: manje umgibeli wehhashi akavunyelwe ukubheka phansi futhi ahlole i-diagonal, kuzodingeka azizwe ukuthi ugibele ngendlela efanele noma cha.

Leli kuzoba yithuba elihle lokukhumbuza abafundi ukuthi ukukhululeka ukuhamba okukuvumela ukuthi uhlale unesigqi nehhashi lakho. Uma okuthile kuphazamisa lokhu, kufanele uhlole kabili i-diagonal yakho. Isibonelo, uma ihhashi lesaba futhi lephula umyalo wokusiza. Kwesinye isikhathi ihhashi lingashintsha isigqi salo - liyashesha noma lehle kakhulu. Uma isigqi sishintsha noma kwenzeka okuthile, udinga ukuhlola kabili i-diagonal yakho.

Kuthatha isikhathi esingakanani ukuthi umgibeli afunde ikhono lokugibela ngaphansi kwediagonal efanele?

Njengokufunda wonke amanye amakhono okugibela, ijubane lokufunda lincike kumgibeli, umuntu ngamunye uzothuthuka ngendlela yakhe. Ukufunda amakhono amasha, isinyathelo ngesinyathelo, ngokusekelwe kumqondo, kusiza abagibeli bafunde ngokushesha amakhono amasha, okuhlanganisa ukwenza lula ama-diagonal alungile. Udinga ukwenza kahle isinyathelo esisodwa ngaphambi kokudlulela kwesinye.

Ngokuvamile abagibeli baqala ngokushesha ukubambelela ekutheni bayakhanya ngaphansi kwe-diagonal elungile noma cha. Abahlale bekhumbula ukuthi badinga ukuyihlola! Ngamanye amazwi, ukukhiqizwa imikhuba ukuhlola diagonal esimweni sabanye abafundi, kuthatha isikhathi eside kunokufunda ikhono ngokwalo.

Ukuthuthukiswa Kwesu

Lapho nje abagibeli bami beqala ukukhanya kahle, bejwayela ukuhlola nokushintsha ama-diagonal, ngibethula ngendlela emangalisayo. Ukuvivinya, esiza ukuthuthukisa amasu, kanye nokuthuthukisa ukulawula umzimba wonke.

Njengoba ngishilo ekuqaleni, indlela evamile yokushintsha ama-diagonal ukuhlala phakathi kwe-trot amabhithi amabili bese ubuyela kusigqi esivamile. Ngamanye amazwi, phezulu, phansi, phansi, phezulu.

Manje cela umfundi ukuthi azijwayeze ukushintsha ama-diagonal ngendlela ephambene. Ngamanye amazwi, uma umgibeli eqaphela ukuthi wenze iphutha, mcele ukuba ashintshe i-diagonal ngokuma izilinganiso ezimbili esikhundleni sokuhlala. Ngakho-ke i-diagonal izoshintsha inqobo nje uma umgibeli ehlala ngaphezu kwesihlalo ngezigqi ezimbili ze-trot (phezulu, phezulu, phansi, hhayi phansi, phansi, phezulu). Ngokufanayo, uzokweqa izinyathelo ezimbili zokushintsha i-diagonal.

Lokhu kuvivinya umzimba kuzosiza ukuthuthukisa amandla emilenzeni nasemoyeni futhi kuthuthukise ibhalansi. Kamuva, izokwenza lula umsebenzi wokuthuthukisa ukuhlalisa amaphuzu amabili, okuzodingeka ukuthi kunqobe izithiyo.

Uma utshela izingane ukuthi lokhu kuvivinya okuthile akukona nje ukusebenza ekuguquleni ama-diagonal, kodwa futhi kuyisakhiwo sokugxuma, zizokhuthazeka ngokumangalisayo!

Isikhubekiso

Inqubo yokufunda ukugibela ihhashi iyinkimbinkimbi kakhulu kunalokho abantu abaningi abakucabangayo lapho beqala ukuza ekilasini. Kufanele nje sikhumbule ukuthi ukuze sibe abagibeli abazethembayo, sidinga ukuphumelela isinyathelo esisodwa ngaphambi kokudlulela kwesilandelayo. Noma ngabe njengamanje kubukeka kuwumshikashika, kumele uqale wenze isenzo esisodwa, bese udlulela kwesinye.

Uma kuziwa ekugibeleni, bonke abagibeli be-novice badinga ukuqonda ukuthi manje akukho mkhawulo olwazini lwabo kanye nokusebenza kahle kwabo. Le nqubo yokufunda ingeyokuphila konke, futhi labo abamukela lesi simiso bayogcina bebheka emuva ezinyathelweni zabo zokuqala (njengokufunda ukukhululeka) futhi baziqhenye ngokuthi sebehambe ibanga elingakanani ohambweni lwabo.

U-Allison Hartley (umthombo); ukuhumusha Valeria Smirnova.

Iunia Murzik I-5th kaDisemba 2018
Ngiyabonga kakhulu ngalesi sihloko. Kungemva kokuyifunda lapho ngabona khona ukuthi kusho ukuthini ukukhululeka ngendlela efanele. Ngizofunda. Phendula